






























Glass__ 

Book_ 


COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT 












New York to Boston, Portland, 

WHITE MOUNTAINS, GREEN MOUNTAINS, 
Lake Memphremagog, Lake Champlain, 

QUEBEC, MONTREAL, OCDENSBURCH. 















THE 


Massachusetts Mutual 

LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY 

OF 

SPRINGFIELD, MASS. 


INCORPORATED 1351. 


Total Assets, January fst, 1887, 
Total Liabilities, ** “ “ 


$8,554,065.32 

7,897,300.96 


Surplus by Massachusetts Standard, . . . . $656,764.36 

Surplus by New York Standard (about) . . . 1,192,000.00 

Number of Policies issued in 1886, 2 , 028 , insuring . 8,064,390.00 

Number of Policies in force Dec. 31, 1886, 1 6, 537 , insuring 41,246,538 00 


^HE MASSACHUSETTS MUTUAL LIFE INSUR- 
^ ANCE COMPANY, of Springfield, is one of the 
oldest in the United States. 

It was incorporated in the year 1851 by the State ' 
of Massachusetts, which was the first in the Union « 
to inaugurate an “Insurance Department,” thus J 
instituting State supervision over its companies. 1 

It was also the first.State to legislate concerning 
the forfeiture of policies of life insurance; its famous \ 
non-forfeiture law was passed in 1861 and amended1 
in 1880. By the recent act of1887, life insurance leg- . 
islation has reached a degree of perfection hereto¬ 
fore unknown. 

THIS Law requires that all policies issued by THE 
MASSACHUSETTS MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE 
COMPANY shall be non-forfeitable after the pay¬ 
ment oftwo annual premiums, without any further 
stipulation or act. This makes the amount of paid- 
up insurance to which the policyholder may be 
entitled, under any circumstances, absolutely guar¬ 
anteed. He may forget his policy, but his policy will 
never forget him. Also, that after the payment of 
two annual premiums, the insured may, on any 
subsequent anniversary of the date of issue of said 
policy, surrender the same, and claim and recover 
from the Company its “Surrender Value in Cash.” 
Said Cash Value is fixed by the law itself and cannot 
be changed. 

M. V. B. EDGERLY, President. JOHN A. HALL, Secretary. 
HENRY S. LEE, V^-Pjesident. OSCAR B. IRELAND, Actuary. 










CKovy-ies t/twK \\ Tcv'v-^Vov 

NORTHERN 


NEW ENGLAND RESORTS. 


A HAND-BOOK 


FOR 


TOURISTS AND TRAVELERS, 


DESCRIBING THE ROUTES FROM 


NEW YORK AND BOSTON TO THE WHITE MOUNTAINS, LAKE 
WINNIPISEOGEE, GREEN MOUNTAINS, LAKE MEMPHRE- 
MAGOG, MONTREAL AND QUEBEC, WITH DESCRIP¬ 
TIONS OF THE VILLAGES AND RESORTS 
ALONG THE ROUTES. 


ILLUSTRATED WITH MAPS AND WOOD CUTS. 


TAIN'_ 



18 & 20 ASTORJ PLACE. 

1887. 





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(73 




Remedy known as S. S. S. is entirely vegetable. Above cut rep¬ 
resents tbe original mode of manufacturing it in 1840 


I have taken with great benefit S. S. S. fora clear case of Eczema. The eruption 
has entirely disappeared, and I am well. Rev. W. J. Robinson, Atlanta, Ga. 

I have taken Swift’s Specific for Rheumatism, and found perfect relief. It also re¬ 
lieved me of Dyspepsia, from which I had suffered for years. I believe, when duly ap¬ 
preciated as a Tonic and Blood Purifier, that Swift’s Specific will become a household 
remedy. D. P. Hill, Atlanta, Ga.. Nov. 18, 1882. 

For years I have been the victim of catarrh. After exhausting all the remedies that 
came to my knowledge I was determined to give S. S. S. a fair trial. To my surprise 1 
have been thoroughly cured. If it had not been for S. S. S. I would not be able to write 
even this much. L. S. Wassum. 

Gettysburg, Ohio, January 14, 1834. 

I have suffered with scrofula for thirty years, and plagued with erysipelas of the face 
and head. I tried everything that medical skill could suggest, but found no relief. At 
the suggestion of Dr. G. W- Parker I took Swift’s Specific. I have so much improved 
that my best friends hardly know me. It is a wonderful medicine. It has restored my lit¬ 
tle boy, Willie White, to perfect health. Mbs. J. J. White. 

Bremen, Ga , March 2, 1885. 

I was afflicted with a terrible case of blood poison for about thirteen months. I was 
treated by the best physicians, and used various kinds of remedies, but received no sub¬ 
stantial relief. I finally tried the Swift Specific, and about four bottles cured me sound 
and well. D. B. Adams. 

Union, S. 0., June 24, 1886. 

Gentlemen—It is due you to say that I think 1 am entirely well of eczema after hav¬ 
ing taken Swift’s Specific. I have been troubled with it very little in my face since last 
spring. At the beginning of cold weather last fall it made a slight appearance, brn 
went away and has never returned. S. S S. no doubt broke it up; at least it put my 
system in good condition and I got well. It also benefitted my wife greatly in case of 
sick headache, and made a p arfect cure of a breaking out of my little three-year-old 
daughter last summer. Rev. Jas. V. M. MORRIS. 

Watkinsville, Ga., Feb. 13,1886. 

«k. 

I had for thirty-eight years suffered every spring and summer with poison oak 
which I contracted in bathing, when a boy. I tried everything for it, including many 
physicians, but without any Benefit. I took six bottles of Swift’s Specific (S. S. S.) four 
years ago, and it cured me sound and well. Three summers have passed, and I have hau 
BO return of it, \ Joseph Beaslv, Columbus, Ga. 

















I3ST IDEXl 


PAGE 


Adams. 


Alburg. 


Alburg Sprmgs.... 


Alexandria Bay... 

- 148 

Altona.. 


Alton Bay. 


Amherst. 


Amoskeag. 


Andover, N. H.... 


Andover, Mass.. . 

.. 47 

Ashland. 


Bangor, N. T. 


Barton. 


Bath. 


Batiscan. 


B-thel. 


Bethlehem. 


Bid deford. 


Billerica. 


Bolton. 


Boscawen. 


Boston. 


Bradford, N. H.... 

.. 41 

Bradford, Mass.... 

.. 47 

Bradford, Yt. 


Braintree. 


Brasher Falls. 

. 13 L 

Brewerton. 


Bristol. 


Burke. 


Burlington. 

.. 89 

Brush’s Mills. 

.. 130 

Cacouna. 


Campton. 


Canaan. 


Canterbury. 


Canton. 


Cape Arundel. ... 

.. 61 

Cape Elizabeth.... 

.. 57 

Cape YMucent. 


Champl dn. 


Central Square. 

.. 151 

Centre H irbor. 

30, 50 

Centreville. 


Charlotte J unction. 

.. 155 

Chateaugay. 


Chelsea. 

.. 54 

Cherebusco. 

.. 128 

Clarendon Springs. 

.. 123 

Clay. 


Colchester....._ 


Colebrook. 

.. 40 

Concord, N. H. 


Connecticut Lakes. 

.. 41 

C»nway. 

.. 58 

Conway Junction.. 

.. 67 

(’rawford House... 


Croydon.. 


Dalton... 



PAGE 

De Kalb Junction... 140 
Distances inWhite Mts.67 


Dixon House. . 90 

Dixville Notch. 41 

Dover. 48 

Dunstable. 21 

Durham. 48 

East Andover. 43 

East Franklin. 96 

East Haverhill. 34 

East Kinston. 48 

East Lebanon. 45 

East Swanton. 96 

East Tilton. 59 

East W akefield. 58 

East Woburn. 19 

Edgeworth. 46 

Elevations. 67 

Ellenburg. 128 

Elliott. 57 

Enfield. 41 

Enosburgh Falls. 93 

Essex Junction. 88 

Exeter. 48 

Fabyans. 39 

Farmington. 49 

Fisherville. 42 

Franklin. 43 

Georgia. 91 

Gl* n House. 68 

Glen Station. 59, 63 

Goff’s Falls. 24 

Goodrich Falls. 69 

Gorham.59, 68 

Gouverneur.141 

Grafton. 44 

Great Falls .. 50 

Greenfield. 24 

Groveton Junction... 40 

Guildhall. 40 

Ha! Ha! Bay....119 

Hampton. 56 

Hampton Beach.... 56 

Hanover. 99 

Haverhill, N. H. 34 

Haverhill, Mass. 47 

Highgate Springs.... 97 

Hooksct. 25 

Hopkington. 41 

Ipswich. 55 

Isles of Shoals. 56 

Jacksons. 59 

Jefferson Hill. 40 

Kennebunk. 51 

Kittery. 56 

Laconia. 28 

Lake Champlain.120 

Lake Echo.69, 71 

Lake George.113 

3 


PAGE 

LakeMemphremagog.Uii 
LakeN ewichawannock53 

Lake Ossipee. 58 

Lake Silver. 48 

Lake Sunapee.,. 41 

Lake Squaiu_.... 32 

Lake Willoughby... 104 
Lako Winnipiseogee. 29 
Lake Village...., .. 28 


Lancaster. 39 

Lawrence.47, 130 

Lebanon. 45 

Lewiston.155 

Lincoln. 33 

Lisbon.36, 135 

Litchfield, N. H. 21 

Littleton. 36 

Liverpool. 151 

Lewell. 19 

Lyndeborough. 23 

Lyndon. 103 

Lynn. 64 

Madison. 58 

Madrid. 135 

Malden. 46 

Malone. 129 

Manchester. 25 

Martin’s Ferry. 25 

Massena Springs.... 132 

Mclndoe Falls. 101 

Medford Junction... 46 

Melrose. 46 

Meredith Village.. . 3L 

Merrimack. 24 

Middlesex, Mass.... 21 

Middlesex, Yt. 85 

Milford. 23 

Milton. 91 

Missisquoi Springs.. 95 

Moira.130 

Montmorenci. 117 

Montpelier. 81 

Montpelier Junction. 80 

Mooer’s.127 

Montreal.108 


Moultonborough .... 31 
Mountains: 

Adiroi dacks.... 122 
Camel’s Hump.. 85 


Cannon. 71 

Chocorua. 30 

Franconia... 69 

Green. 65 

Katahdin. 65 

Kearsarge. 44 

Kearsarge. 65 

Lafeyette.69, 72 

Mansfield. 85 

Monadnock..... 30 

























































































































































INDEX. 


PAGE 

Moose Hillock.. 34 


Ossipee. 30 

Oxford. 107 

Owl’s Head..34, 106 

Pulaski. 35 

Red Hill. 30 

Washiugton. 64 

Webster. 60 

Willard.60, 62 

White. 61 


Mount Adam s House. 40 
Mt.Mansfield House. 85 
Mt. Pleasant House. 39 
Mt.WashingtonHouse.39 


Nahant. 55 

Nashua. 21 

Newbury. 101 

Newburyport_... 55 

New Durham. 49 

New London. 44 

Newmarket. 48 

Newmarket Junction 48 

Newport, N. H. 41 

Newport, Yt.105 

Newton Junction.... 48 

Niagara Falls.157 

Noi’th Berwick. 51 

North Chelmsford... 21 

North Concord.. 27 

North Conrvay. 58 

Northfield, Yt. 79 

Northfield, N. H_ 27 

Northern Resorts.... 5 

North Haverhill. 35 

North Stratford. 40 

Northumberland..... 40 
Northumberland Falls 40 

Norwich, Yt. 99 

Norwood.131. 140 


Old Orchard Beach.. 52 

O-si pee .. 58 

Oswego...153 

Pavilion Hotel. 82 

Perry’s Mills.127 

Philadelphia.142 

Pigeon Cove. 56 

Piscataquog. 25 

Plaisted House. 40 

Plaistow. 47 

Plattsburg.120 

Plymouth, N. H. 32 

Pompanoosuc. 100 

Potsdam.131, 140 

Portland. 53 

Portsm outh. 56 

Potter Place. 43 

Profile House. 70 

Prout’s Neck. 67 

Pulaski. 151 

Quebec.113 

Randolph. 78 


PAGE 


Rangeley Lakes. 31 

Reading. 46 

Reed's Ferry. 24 

Ret ere Beach. 54 

Rich ford. 96 

Richland Junction... 150 

Richmond. 87 

Ridley’s Station*.... 87 

Rivers: 


Ammonoosuck. 36, 62l 
Connecticut ..62, 100 


Israel. 40 

Merrimack, 25, 47, 55 
Pemigewasset, 33, 71 

Piscataqua. 56 

Saco.52, 59 

Saguenay... 117, 119 
St. Lawrence. . Ill 

Rochester. 49 

Rollingsford. 51 

Rome. 150 

Rouse’s Point. 126 

Routes: 


From N. Y. to Boston, 7 
By Springfield R.R. 7 
By Air Line R. R. 7 
By Shore Line RR.7 
By Norwich Line, 8 
By Stonington Line 8 
By Providence Line 8 
By Fall River Line, 9 
From White Mts. 
North to Mon¬ 
treal & Quebec. 74 
Boston, Lowell & 
Nashua R. R. 15,19 
Boston & Maine 

R. R.16, 46 

B. C.& M. R. R., 27 
Hoosac Tun.Route 16 
Bristol Br. R. R .. 43 
Central Yt. R. R., 75 
Con. & Clar. R. R 41 
Conn. & Pass. 

Riv. R. R. 99 

Concord R. H 24 

Eastern & Maine 
Cen. R. R...17, 5t 
Mt. Wash. R.R. 63 
Northern R. R.. 41 
O. & L.Ch. R R. 125 
R. W. & O. B. R. 138 
Stan stead Sh. & 
Ch’bly R. R. 97,107 
Stony Brook R.R. 21 
Wilton B’h R.R. 22 
Boston, Halifax, 

& P. E. 1.185 

Internat’al Steam 


f hip Co. 17 

Sanfoi’d Steam 
Ship Co. 18a 

4 


PAGE 

Lake Winnipiseo- 
gee Steamers 30, 31 


Portland, Bangor 
& Machias 

Steamers. 18 

Maine Cen. R.R. 18a 
Kennebec River, l! b 

Roxbury. 79 

Royalton. 78 

Rumney. 33 

Ryegate..... 101 

8 aco. 52 

Salem. 65 

Salisbury.. 65 

Salisbuiy Beach. 56 

Salmon Falls. 61 

Sandwich. 31 

Scarborough Beach.. 57 

Seabrook. 56 

Sharon. 78 

Sheldon Springs. 95 

Sheldon Yillage. 96 

Somerville. 46 

Sorel .Ill 

South Boston. 11 

South Berwick June. 57 

South Royalton. 78 

Springfield, N. H.... 43 
Starr Kit g House ... 40 

Stoneham. 46 

Stowe. 86 

St. Albans. .... 91 

St. John’s. 97 

St. Johnsbuiy..102 

St. Johnsbury Cent.e 103 

St. Lambert. 98 

Suncook. 26 

Suspension Bridge .. 156 

Swampscott. 54 

Swanton. 125 

Syracuse. 152 

Tamworth. 31 

'1'ewksbury. 19 

Thousand Islands... 145 

Thetford. 1< 0 

'J horn ton’s Ferry ... 24 

Three Rivers. Ill 

Tilton. 27 

Twin M’tain House. 39 

Tyngsborough. 21 

Underhill. 90 

Yalcour Island. 120 

Wakefield, N. H.... 58 
Wakefield, Mass.... 46 

Wallington. 154 

Warner. 41 

Warren. 34 

Waterbury. 85 

Watertown..... .... 142 
Waumbeck House... 40 

Webster Place. 42 

Weirs.......... 28 













































































































INDEX. 


Wells, N. H. 

PAGE 

Wells’ River.... 

..M, 101 

Wentworth. 

. 34 

West Albuig- 

.... 125 

\V> st Andover.. 

_ 44 

West Burke. 


West Hartford, Vt.. 77 

West Lebanon.. 

.... 45 

West Medford.. 

.... 19 

West Ossipee.... 



PAGE 


WestRumney. 34 

West Scarborough.. 57 

Whitefield. 39 

White River June..45, 77 

Wilmington. 19 

Wilmington Junction 46 

Willey House. 63 

WPliston. 88 

Wilton. 23 

Winchester. 19 

5 


PAGE 

Wing Road.. 38 

Winooski.. 89 

Woburn. 19 

Wolfeborough.50, 58 

Woods Falls.127 

Woodstock.. 33 

Woodstock Station.. 77 

Woodsville. 35 

Wyoming,....’.. 46 



























The Full Principal Sum ■will be paid in case 
of loss of both feet, both hands, a hand and a foot, or 
the entire sight of both eyes, by accident. 


are always happening to those who 
“Don’t Travel Much” as well as to 


ACCIDENTS 

^ those who do. The quietest 

PROFESSIONAL*AND*BUSINESS*MEN 

are as liable as any others to the thousand hazards of 
life, at home or abroad. 

“Moral: Insure in The travelers.** 

. . . 


ACCIDENT 

COMPANY 

OF AMERICA, 
LARGEST IN THE WORLD; 

Also, Best of Life Companies. 

ISSUES 

ACCIDENT POLICIES, 

RFQT I IFF PHI IPV in the Market. Indefeasible, 
DLOI LITE rULILI Non-Forfeitable, World-Wide. 

PAID POLICY-HOLDERS $13,500,000. 

All Claims paid without Discount, and immediately 
on receipt of Satisfactory Proofs. 

Assets, $9,111,000. Surplus, $2,129,000, 



J. G. BATTERSON, Pres. 


RODNEY DENNIS, Sec. 


One-third the Principal Sum will be paid 
for loss of a single hand or foot. 



















Northern New England Resorts 


“ Where shall we go, and how shall we get there ?” are the ques¬ 
tions everywhere asked by seekers after summer recreation— 
questions which this volume is an attempt to answer for those 
whose tastes and location incline them to northern travel. Near 
the towns man has made, are the mountains, rivers, lakes, sea¬ 
shores, of our northern country, still almost as God left them. 
New York and Boston can in a few hours find themselves turned 
loose in this grand park of nature, whose snow-capped peaks, 
flashing cascades, quiet lakes, and cool groves, offer a safe retreat, 
a sure remedy for the overwork, exhaustion and ennui of business 
or fashionable life in the cities. A short step from one’s house or 
office into the car or steamer presents a transformation. The 
scene suddenly changes, and the glory begins, of stream and wood¬ 
land, mountain and valley, birds and flowers, songs and fragrance, 
making one’s journey an enchantment. 

The objective points of northern pleasure travel, comprise 
chiefly the White Mountains of New Hampshire, and their humbler 
neighbors, the Green Mountains of Vermont, and the Adirondacks 
of New York, the rivers and lakes of Maine, and the sea-shores and 
islands of New Hampshire and Maine. The White Mountains lie 
in the northern part of New Hampshire, and occupy an area of 
more than 500 square miles. The Eastern group of eleven great 
peaks have an elevation of from 4,000 feet to 6,285 feet. Many 
others adjacent have nearly equal altitudes. The Western ox 
Franconia group, though less elevated, have many points of in 
terest peculiar to themselves, which make them successful rivals 
of their more lofty neighbors. 

Naturally rugged, cold and mysterious, mountains do not usu¬ 
ally invite familiarity. The ancients made them the homes of 
their terrible gods. The natives stoo 1 in awe of them and rarely 
ventured near their summits. But the enterprise of New Eng 

* • 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


land has created upon them comfortable ascents, luxurious hotels 
speedy and easy means of transportation and intercommunication, 
until the bracing air and the wonderful pictures of grandeur and 
beauty among these mountain peaks, lakes, and rivers, are availa¬ 
ble to all. 

To those dwelling inland or constitutionally demanding the 
tonic of sea air and sea bathing in summer, the coasts of New 
Hampshire and Maine offer peculiar advantages. From Boston to 
St. John, a long succession of beaches and islands seem designed 
by nature for places of rest and recreation. Nahant, Swampscott, 
Hampton, Rye, Wells, Old Orchard, and many others; Isles of 
Shoals, Deer Isle, Mt. Desert, and others, offer a catalogue of 
charms out of which the first and chief difficulty is to choose—at 
any of which much may be found to amply pay for the trouble 
and expense of a trip. 

Pleasure-seekers among the Northern New England resorts 
will naturally turn their thoughts and course to the contiguous 
region beyond, and visit Montreal and Quebec. They will find 
by consulting these pages that the rivers and lakes, the mountains 
and waterfalls of our Canadian neighbors afford as grand and 
picturesque views of nature as are afforded on our continent. 
The St. Lawrence River, from Montreal to its mouth, furnishes 
rare points of interest to the tourist. Besides the cities of Mon¬ 
treal and Quebec, with their natural and artificial endowments, 
there are the islands and falls along the river on which the tour¬ 
ist passes to Cacouna, the Newport of the Canadas, and to the 
River Saguenay, the wildest and most beautiful of our American 
fivers. 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


ROUTES FROM NEW YORK TO BOSTON. 


RAILWAY ROUTES. 

The traveller from New York to Boston has his choice between 
routes all the way by rail, part by rail and part by steamer. Each 
has its advantages. The all-rail routes are under the direction 
and control of the N. Y. and N. H. R. R. The time from New 
York to Boston is from seven to nine hours; the connections are 
close; no change of cars ; and the comfort and safety of passen¬ 
gers receive the thoughtful attention of the managers of the road. 
Passengers having chosen whether they will go by Springfield, 
by the Air Line, or by the Shore Line re will purchase through 
tickets accordingly in New York, whence they depart, leaving 
from the Grand Central depot at 42d street and Fourth Ave., and 
reaching New Haven in about two hours. This route is through 
a charming country, and by such towns as Stamford, Norwalk, 
Westport, Fairfield, and Bridgeport. 

ROUTE BY SPRINGFIELD. 

This route leads over the New Haven and Hartford R. R., giv¬ 
ing views of the Connecticut river scenery, and such towns as 
Meriden, New Britain, Hartford and Springfield. Close con¬ 
nection of cars is made without change over the Boston and 
Albany R. R. via Worcester to Boston. Distance, 234 miles. 

AIR LINE ROUTE. 

This is a more direct and shorter route, leading through the 
romantic hill country of Eastern Connecticut by Middletown, 
WilRmantic, Patnam, and Woonsocket to Boston. 

SHORE LINE ROUTE. 

This is a very pleasant route from New Haven, passing Guilford, 
Saybrook, New London, and Providence, and enjoying fine viewe 
of the Sound and the scenery along its shore. 

All these lines furnish the best of palace and sleeping cars, and 
•very appliance for safety, speed and comfort. 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


STEAMER ROUTES. 

NORWICH LINE OF STEAMERS. 

The fine boats “City of New York’’and “City of Boston* 
leave pier No. 40, North River, at 5 o’clock P. M. Their ap¬ 
pointments and conveniences are complete, their management 
liberal and business-like. The sail on them affords a full view of 
the metropolis, the harbor and rivers, their islands and institu¬ 
tions, and the various towns and points of interest along the two 
shores of the Sound. Time and opportunity for a good night’s 
sleep are afforded. Arriving at New London at 4 o’clock A. M., 
the train is ready an hour later to take passengers to Boston by 
the N. Y. and N. E. R. R. via Worcester or Woonsocket, where 
time is given for breakfast—reaching Boston about 8 o’clock A.M. 

STONINGTON LINE OF STEAMERS. 

The large, well known boats of this line, the “Narragansett* 
and “ Stonington,” leave Pier No. 33, North River, at 5 o’clock 
P. M. in summer, at 4 o’clock in winter ; and, steaming through 
the East River and the Sound, arrive at Stonington at 4.30 
A. M. The arrangements for the comfort of passengers, both at 
the table and in the staterooms, are elegant and ample. Making 
close connection, passengers are taken over the Shore Line R. R. 
from Stonington via Providence, arriving at Boston at 7 A M. 

PROVIDENCE LINE OF STEAMERS. 

This line offers since May 1st, 1877, special attractions. The 
new and magnificent steamer “Massachusetts” and the well- 
known “Rhode Island,” leave Pier No. 29, North River, foot of 
Warren street, at 5 o’clock P M. daily in summer, at 4 o’clock in 
winter. These boats are complete in every respect, both for the 
comfort, safety and pleasure of passengers. In addition to the 
sail through the Sound, is that up the Narragansett Bay. A full 
night’s rest can be obtained—the boats arriving at Providence at 
6 o’clock A. M. At Providence immediate connection is made, in 
summer, with the White Mountain express train over a double track 
railroad, which delivers passengers at Fabyan’s early in the after¬ 
noon. 


8 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


FALL RIVER LINE OF STEAMERS. 

Still another line of boats run up the Sound to Fall River, con¬ 
necting there with through express trains to Boston and other 
points. Passengers choosing this route will set out from Pier No. 
28 North River, at 5.30 P. M. in summer, and 4 P. M. in win- 



Steamer “Bristol,” of Fall Biter Line. 


ter. The steamers Pilgrim, Providence, and Bristol are well called 
“ floating palaces.” Their large state-rooms lighted with gas, their 
band of music and promenade concerts every evening, their gen¬ 
erous supplies of everything to please and satisfy the senses of 
those seeking recreation or traveling on business, make this route 
deservedly popular with best classes. 

Arriving at Fall River, on Mt, Hope Bay, an arm of Narragan- 
sett Bay, at the confluence of Taunton and Fall Rivers, at 4 
o’clock, A. M., passengers can, without haste or discomfort, get 
ready for the train, which starts at 5 o’clock, A. M., on the Old 
Colony R. R., reaching Boston about 7 o’clock, A. M. 

NEWPORT LINE. 

The Old Colony Steamboat Company run the large steamers 
Newport and Old Colony from New York to Newport, leaving 
Pier 28 North River, daily (except Sunday), at 6 P. M.; and re¬ 
turning, leaving Newport for New York at 9 P. M. This line is 
opened in summer: about June 20th, for the especial accommoda¬ 
tion of travel to and from Newport, New Bedford, Martha’s Vine¬ 
yard, Nantucket, and the southeastern shore of Massachusetts. 

9 






















COMMONWEALTH AVENUE, Showing the Brattle-square Church and the Vendome 





























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


BOSTON. 

Hotels:— Brunswick, Vendome, American, Victoria, New Adams, 
Tremont, Parker, Revere, Young's, Quincy, Crawford, 

The metropolis of New England and the second commercial city 
of America, occupies a peninsula lying between the Charles River 
and Boston Bay, which constitutes the old portion, or Boston 
proper, while included within the city limits are East Boston and 
South Boston. The former is separated from Boston proper by a 
portion of the harbor, and the latter by a narrow creek, the outlet 
of South Bay. On the south-west it is connected with Roxbury 
by what is called the “ Neck,” once a narrow isthmus, but now 
much enlarged to make room for a rapidly increasing population. 
Its surface is very uneven, rising at three different points into 
elevations of considerable height. One of these called Beacon 
Hill is 138 feet above the sea level. It was called by the Indians 
“ Shawmut,” and by the early English settlers “Tremont” or 
“ Trimount,” appellations that still cling to some of its principal 
avenues. In part owing to the unevenness of its surface, and be¬ 
cause it was originally laid out upon no systematic plan, its streets 
are perhaps the most irregular of any city in the country. Recent 
improvements, however, have remedied some of these defects, so 
that Washington and Tremont streets, its principal thoroughfares 
and promenades, are convenient and capacious. 

As the oldest city of the New World, it abounds with tradition¬ 
ary and historical associations, while for the high social culture 
of its society, the eminent literary talent of its numerous writers, 
the eloquence and ability of its public speakers, as well as foi 
the enterprise and public spirit of its merchants and business 
men, it stands preeminent among the cities of America. 

Its location is upon the best harbor on the New England coast, 
opening to the sea between two points nearly four miles distant 
from one another. It is sheltered from the ocean by the penin¬ 
sulas, of which these two points are the extremities, as well as by 
a number of islands, between which are three good passages. 
Good anchorage ground is afforded by the harbor for vessels of 

10 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


the largest tonnage. Along the south side of the harbor lies 
South Boston. It embraces about 600 acres, and is handsomely 
and regularly laid out. It has numerous and extensive foundries, 
machine shops, and other manufactories. At Alger’s foundry 
immense cannon are cast. Near its centre, about two miles from 
the State House, are the famous Dorchester Heights, which the 
Americans fortified in 1775. They rise 130 feet above the ocean 
level, and afford a fine view of the bay and surrounding country. 
Here is a capacious reservoir of the Boston Water Works, a large 
and well managed Asylum for the Blind, the Houses of Industry, 
Correction and Reformation belonging to the city. These occupy 
upwards of sixty acres of ground. East Boston occupies what 
was formerly known as Noddle’s Island. Previous to 1832 it was 
the private property of a few individuals, who then laid it out in 
streets and city lots. It is now an important business section of the 
great city, and is engaged in ship-building and various branches 
of manufacture. A wharf 1,000 feet long is devoted to the use of 
the Cunard line of steamers of Liverpool. 

Boston Common is one of the finest public parks to be found in 
any city. It occupies a central position, contains nearly 50 acres 
of rolling surface, with inviting walks beautifully shaded by giant 
elms, some of them more than one hundred years old. In the 
centre is a small pond, the site of the ancient “Frog Pond,” 
where a fountain sends up a stream 60 or 70 feet. These grounds 
are enclosed by an iron fence. The Common is bounded on the 
north, east, and south, by Beacon, Tremont, Boylston, and Park 
streets, upon which stand many of the finest and oldest mansions 
of the city. On the west, separated from it by Charles street, is 
the Public Garden, containing some 24 acres, ornamented with 
walks, artificial ponds and fountains, parterres of shrubs and 
flowers, and a fine conservatory. A stroll here is delightful, while 
near by are the magnificent avenues, with their elegant and costly 
buildings, on what is called “ Back Bay.” 

Among its public buildings, the State House is the most con¬ 
spicuous. It stands on Beacon Hill fronting the Common. Its 
dome, 50 feet in diameter, 120 feet high, 230 feet above the sea 
level, affords a view unsurpassed by any in the United State*. 
The entire city, the harbor with its islands and fleets, the Bunkei 

U 


northern resorts. 


Hill monument, innumerable towns and villages with the fertile 
fields between, lie outspread before the eye in pictured beauty and 
distinctness. This edifice was begun July 4th, 1795, and com 
pleted in 1798. In front stand the bronze statues of Daniel Web 
ster and Horace Mann, and upon the entrance floor, Chantrey’s 
marble statue of Washington, around which are grouped the color? 
of the different regiments of the State engaged in the late war, 
with trophies of the Revolutionary war. 

Faneuil Hall, called the “ Cradle of Liberty,” is in Faneuil Hall 
Square. It is built of brick and is 100 feet long, 80 feet wide, 
and three stories high. It was built and given to the city by 
Peter Faneuil, a Boston merchant, in 1743, and rebuilt in 1768. 
The main hall is 76 feet square, and contains some fine portraits 
of distinguished Americans. It is used for political gatherings 
and public meetings, and is an object of interest and pride to 
Americans. Here in Revolutionary days orators fired the people 
with courage to resist British aggressions, and often since, its 
walls have echoed with the stirring eloquence of our greatest pa¬ 
triots and statesmen. 

Quincy Market, immediately east of Faneuil Hall, was when new 
the handsomest market building in the United States. It is built 
of granite, is two stories high, surmounted by a dome. Quincy 
Hall, the second story, is so constructed as to be in several apart¬ 
ments, or one, as the occasion requires. Annual fairs are held here, 
when it is connected with Faneuil Hall by a temporary gallery or 
bridge. The Boston Custom House is a huge granite structure 
in the form of a cr-oss, erected by the Federal Government at a 
cost of about $1,100,000. The Merchants’ Exchange building is 
fire proof, standing on the south side of State street. The front 
is built of*Quincy granite, with four pilasters, each 45 feet high 
and weighing 55 tons. Here the great fire of 1873 was checked 
on State street. The new City Hall is of white Concord granite, 
tad cost $600,000. In front of it stands the bronze statue of 
Franklin. The Old South Church, the shrine of Boston, is on 
Washington, near School street. It was built in 1729, on the site 
of a former one built in 1669. It is full of historic associations 
dear to every American, and will be kept as a reminder of the 
sacrifices of our fathers for our liberties. The U. S. Post Office and 

i 


NORTHERN RESORTS . 


Sub-Treasury building, on Milk and Devonshire streets, is an im 
posing structure of granite, costing from $2,000,000 to $3,000,000. 
It is in the French style of architecture, with an immense rod 
and groups of statuary in front. Space will permit scarcely a 
mention of Music Hall, with its big organ; the Masonic Tern 
pie, with its mediaeval architecture and interior antiquities; the 
Boston Public Library, with its 193,000 volumes and 100,000 pam¬ 
phlets; the Boston Atheneum, with its 100,000 volumes and it* 
gallery of statuary and painting ; the Public Schools—the finest ii 
the country; the churches, the hospitals, and institutions of be¬ 
nevolence, for all which Boston is famous. No description can 
do them justice. The visitor needs to see them. 

The suburbs of Boston have many attractions. Seven bridges^ 
most of them free, connect Boston with neighboring towns and 
cities. Horse cars and stages run every few minutes to Charles¬ 
town, the site of Bunker Hill Monument, a granite column 220 
feet high, with spiral steps inside to the top. Here are also the 
United States Navy Yard and naval depot. Harvard University, 
the oldest college in the country, is in Cambridge, three miles from 
the city, and accessible by horse cars from Bowdoin Square. A 
mile west of the University is Mount Auburn Cemetery, covering 
125 acres, diversified with hill and dale, beautified by art, and rich 
with a natural growth of forest trees. The region of country, 
within ten or fifteen miles of Boston, surpasses in beauty, good 
taste, and attractiveness of its residences, parks, lawns and gar¬ 
dens, that of any section of equal size in America, if not in the 
world. Here reside many of the merchants and business men of 
Boston, who find the narrowness and contraction of the city lim¬ 
its unsuited to their tastes and necessities. 

The extensive commerce of the city with all parts of the world 
necessitates extensive warehouses, docks, and shipping facilities, 
and numerous railroad depots of which Boston has some seven, 
all commodious and most of them beautiful structures. 

The depots of the Boston, Lowell and Nashua, the Eastern and 
the Fitchburg Railways are in the northern part of the city, on 
Causeway Street. The Boston and Maine R. R. Depot is on Hay- 
market Square, just south of the above. The Old Colony R. R 
Depot is on the corner of Kneeland and South Streets. The Bos 

13 


The Leading New England Paper, 


The Springfield Republican. 


Daily, $8. Sunday, $2. Weekly, $1. 

A. Largo Quarto Shoot. 

Independent and Fair in Politics, 

Comprehensive in Its News Reports, 

Able and Enterprising in its Management, 

Rich and Varied in Its Miscellaneous Reading. 
New England News Reported with Great Thoroughness. 

THE PAPER FOR NEW ENGLANDERS OF ALL PARTIES AND CREEDS, 


Various Tributes to Its Worth. 

New England Grit. [From a Subscriber at Helena, Mont.] 

The Republican is New England true grit. 

Sagacity, Skill, Courage. [From the North Adams Transcript.] 

The Republican is conducted with rare sagacity, skill and courage. 

Prospering Grandly. [From the Northampton Gazette.] 

The Republican is prospering grandly, and deserves it all. 

As Good as a Newspaper Ought, to Be. [Atlanta (Ga.) Constitution.] 
The Republican, as it stands, is about as good as a newspaper ought to 
be, so far as quality is concerned. 

Model and Trustworthy. [From a New York Lawyer.] 

I think the Springfield Republican is a model and trustworthy newspaper. 

Admires It Hugely. [From a subscriber in Wisconsin.] 

The Republican ought to have 100,000, yes 200,000, subscribers. I am not 
a New Englander, but admire The Republican hugely. 

True Yankee Flavor. (From a Reader in Washington, D. C.} 

The Republican has the true Yankee flavor, or pucker, and on the whole 
I like it better than any paper I have ever taken. 

Enterprising, Progressive, Able. [From the Palmer Journal.] 

The Republican is an enterprising, progressive and able newspaper, and 
well deserves its present prosperity. 

Among the Best in the Country. [From the Boston Index.] 

The Springfield Republican is now justly regarded as among the best 
dailies published in this country. 

A Right Smart Newspaper. [From the Troy Times.] 

The Springfield Republican politically is of the mugwumpians mug- 
wumpy, but it is a right smart newspaper, and its evident prosperity is 
gratifying to all admirers of bright journalism. 

One of the Best Edited and Ablest. [From the New York Graphic.] 
The Springfield Republican is one of the handsomest as well as one of 
the best edited and ablest journals in the country. It is a model newspaper. 

No other so Fully Independent. [From the Manitowoc (Wis.) Pilot.] 
The Springfield Republican is unquestionably one of the best, as it 5s the 
most reputable paper in the country. There is no other paper which so 
fully occupies the plane of Independence, and its editorial columns have a 
literary value not to be overlooked. 

Send for free sample copies, and buy it on the ears. 

Address THE REPUBLICAN, Springfield, Mass, 









THE AMERICAN, 

BOSTON. 

CENTRAL LOCATION. PERFECT VENTILATION 

UNEXCEPTIONABLE TABLE. 

PARTICULARLY DESIRABLE 

FOR FAMILIES AND SUMMER TOURISTS. 


SIX STAIRWAYS FROM TOP TO BOTTOM. 

With, every security against fire. 


Rooms ( $3.00 PER DA.Y 

with Meals, j and upwards. 

Rooms ( $1.00 PER DAY 

only * ( and upwards. 


According 
to Size 
and 

Location. 


THE NEAREST FIRST CLASS HOTEL 

TO NORTHERN AND EASTERN DEPOTS, 


“ It is one of the most attractive and best managed of New England 
Hotels.”—A. Y. Mail 


HEIVRY B. RICE & CO. 


Hanover, 

near Washington St, 













NORTHERN RESORTS. 


ton and Albany R. R. Depot is on Beech Street, corner of Lincoln. 
The Boston and Providence R. R. Depot is on Pleasant Street, 
near the Common. 

Hotels oe Boston. 

The Hotel Yendome, on Commonwealth Avenue, corner of 
Dartmouth Street, in the “ Back Bay District,” is the most 
palatial and imposing hotel structure in Boston. It is situated 
in the most elegant part of Boston, and, in its appointments and 
style in which it is conducted, it comports with the superb and 
aristocratic neighborhood that surrounds it. 

The Hotel Brunswick, onBoylston Street, corner of Clarendon, 
south-west of the Common, is new and complete in every respect. 
The house is constructed and furnished with the most careful 
regard to the tastes and wants of a cultivated and relined public. 
To accomplish a perfect result, time, labor and money are most 
generously expended. The hotel is easy of access, and still is in 
the most fashionable locality of the city. The street cars pass its 
doors. 

The Victoria Hotel is a new and elegant house on Dartmouth 
and Newberry streets, in the center of the Back Bay District It 
is kept on the European plan, by the proprietors of the Bruns¬ 
wick and Yendome. The same liberality and elegance obtains 
in the appointments of the Victoria as have given them their 
deserved reputation of the most luxurious hotels in the world. 

The American Hotel, a large brown-stone building on Hanover 
Street, with 400 rooms, is noted for its cleanliness and comfort. 
The management is efficient in every department. It is conveni¬ 
ently located both for business or pleasure; has an elevator, and 
all the appointments of a strictly first-class hotel. The prices are 
graduated according to the location of rooms, and are as low as 
the excellence of the accommodations and the abundant supplies 
of the table will allow. 

The Revere House has been recently renovated and partly 
remodeled, and is kept in excellent style. Its reputation has 
long stood high as an hostelry, and its charges are reasonable. 

The Parker House, on School Street, Young’s Hotel, on Court 
Avenue, both on European plan, the Crawford, the Berkley, the 
Thorndike, the Belmont, and the Tremont are also good hotels, 

14 


Ladies’ and Gentlemen’s 

DINING, LUNCH AND OYSTER ROOMS, 

48 & 50 Summer Street, 

Cor. Arch Street. BOSTON 



Restaurant First-Class 


in every respect. 


The public will find th's a very convenient place to dine or 
lunch, as it is situated in close proximity to the centre of both 
the wholesale and retail trade. 

Horse cars to and from all the depots and steamboat landings 
pass the door every five minutes. 

JOHN D GILMAN, Proprietor. 





















NORTHERN RESORTS. 


FROM BOSTON TO THE WHITE MOUNTAIN^ 
MONTREAL AND QUEBEC. 

BY THE BOSTON AND LOWELL RAILROAD. 

This route presents peculiar attractions to the traveling pub 
lie. It includes the Boston, Lowell and Nashua, the Concord,, 
the Northern (N. H.), the Central Vermont, and the Vermont 
and Canada Railways. The through line arrangements also in¬ 
clude connections with the Connecticut and Passumpsic Rivei 
Railroad at White River Junction, and with the Boston, Concord, 
Montreal, and White Mountains Railroad at Concord, N. H., for the 
White Mountains. Passengers leave Boston from the magnificent 
passenger depot on Causeway St., in the north part of the city. 

At Lowell, where the Concord and Merrimack rivers unite, 
forming the immense water power, the road enters the beautiful 
Merrimack valley and follows the river’s right bank to Nashua, 
thence on via Manchester to Concord. From Concord, the route is 
through the romantic scenery along the shore of Lake Winnipis- 
eogee, across mountain streams, beneath mountain shadows, till 
the traveler is landed at the White Mountains. 

From Wells River travelers reach Montreal via Montpelier over 
the Wells River and Montpelier Railroad, and the Central Ver¬ 
mont Railroad, or via St. Johnsbury and St. Albans over the Con¬ 
necticut and Passumpsic Rivers, the Portland and Ogdensburgh, 
and the Central Vermont Railroads, or via Newport and Richford, 
Vermont, over the Passumpsic, South Eastern and Central Ver¬ 
mont Railroads. The approach to the White Mountains by ex¬ 
press trains without change of cars is, by the Boston, Concord 
and Montreal White Mountains Railroad, via Littleton, Wing 
Station, Fabyans, to the base of Mount Washington, connecting 
with the Mountain Railway to the top of Mount Washington. 
The northen terminus of the B. C. and M. R. R. is Groveton June 
tion, 220 miles from Boston, where connections are made with the 
Grand Trunk R. R., for Northumberland, Richmond, and Quebea 

16 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


PROM BOSTON TO THE WHITE MOUNTAINS, 
MONTREAL AND QUEBEC. 

BY WAtY OF THE BOSTON AND MAINE RAILROAD. 

Leaving Boston from the depot of the Boston and Maine Rail 
road, on Haymarket Square in the northern part of the city, the 
traveler passes Charlestown Heights, Bunker Hill Monument, 
and for twelve miles a succession of fine thrifty suburban towns. 

At Lawrence, Mass., White Mountain passengers may di¬ 
verge to Manchester, there joining the through trains north, oi 
passing by Haverhill and Exeter to Dover, there change cars for 
Alton Bay, twenty-eight miles distant, on Lake Winnipiseogee, 
where the steamer owned and run by the Boston and Maine Rail¬ 
road will transfer them over the beautiful lake to Centre Harbor, 
whence they take stages for West Ossipee on the Conway Branch 
of the Eastern Railroad, or to Wolfeborough on the eastern side 
of the lake. Or if they would approach the mountains at a point 
farther north, and by a longer ride by rail, they will be carried 
from Dover thither by the Boston and Maine Railroad to Port¬ 
land, and thence to North Conway, Fabyans, etc., by the Port¬ 
land and Ogdensburgh Railroad, or from Portland to Gorham and 
the Glen House, by the Grand Trunk Railroad. For routes from 
the White Mountains to Montreal and Quebec, see page 74. 

By its numerous branches to Medford, Danvers, and Newbury - 
port, Reading, Lowell, Lawrence, Georgetown, etc., it reaches a 
large and populous area, and competes successfully for patronage. 
The management and business energy of the Boston and Maine 
Railroad show themselves in the cleanliness and little comforts 
found in the cars, eating-houses, and depots, not less than in the 
appliances to secure the speed and safety of their trains. Through 
express trains leave Boston at hours convenient for passengers ar¬ 
riving in Boston by the various routes from the West and South¬ 
west, sending palace cars through to Gorham, and making close 
connections at Portland with all trains for the White Mountains, 
and points north; with trains of the Maine Central for Bangor and 
points east; and with the steamboat lines from Portland to Mt. 
Desert, Rockland, St. John, Halifax, Prince Edward’s Island, and 
the other British Provinces. 


NO It THE UN RESORTS. 


THE HOOSAC TUNNEL ROUTE 
From Boston to the North and West. 

This line runs from Boston to Fitchburg, Greenfield, Hoosae 
Tunnel, North Adams, and Troy, N. Y., where it connects with 
other Railroads for Saratoga, Niagara Falls, and the Great West. 
It is composed of the Fitchburg R. R. from Boston to Fitchburg, 
Vermont and Massachusetts from Fitchburg to Greenfield, the 



Troy and Greenfield from Greenfield to North Adams, and the 
Troy and Boston from North Adams to Troy, N. Y. The route 
is attractive because of its picturesque scenery, and the excellent 
equipments of the line, in palace and sleeping coaches, and its 
ordinary cars. The famous Hoosae Tunnel, through which it 
passes, is five miles in length, and one of the greatest triumphs 
of engineering skill in the world. It attracts the tourist from all 
parts of the world, and interests men of science and culture. The 
eastern terminus of the line is at Boston, in the handsome granite 
depot of the Fitchburg R. R. at the corner of Causeway and Bev- 

1(3 a 

























NORTHERN RESORTS. 


erly Streets, and close by tbe depots of the Boston and Maine, 
Eastern, and Boston & Lowell Railroads. The Fitchburg R. R. 
runs from Boston in a westerly direction, crossing Charles River 
and passing in sight of Bunker Hill Monumeut through Cam¬ 
bridge, Waltham, and Concord, Mass., rich in historical asso¬ 
ciations, and noted as the home of eminent literary celebrities. 
At Ayer Junction connections are made with the Worcester & 
Nashua R. R., the Stony Brook R. R. to Lowell, and the Peter- 
boro & Shirley Branch to Mason Center and Greenville, N. H. 

Connections are also made at Fitchburg with Cheshire R.R. *, 
at Athol with Athol & Springfield R.R. ; at Miller’s Falls with 
New London Northern R. R. ; at Greenfield with Connecticut 
River R. R.; at North Adams with Pittsfield R. R.; at State Line 
with Harlem Extension R. R. ; at Eagle Bridge with Delaware & 
Hudson Canal Co.’s R. R., and Boston, Hoosac Tunnel & Western 
R. R.; and at Troy, N. Y., with Delaware & Hudson Canal Co.’s 
R. R. to Saratoga and Lake George, and New York Central and 
Hudson River for New York, Niagara Falls, and the Great West. 
Through sleeping cars run from Boston to Chicago and St. Louis. 

CHESHIRE RAILFtOAD. 

From Fitchburg , Mass. , to Bellow's Falls , Vt ., 

Connecting at Fitchburg with Fitchburgh R. R. and Old Colony 
R. R. ; at Winchendon, with Boston, Barre & Gardner R. R., and 
Ware River R. R.; at Keene, with AshulotR. R.; at Bellow's Falis, 
with central Vermont and Rutland Railroads. Through express 
trains between Boston, Worcester, Providence, New Bedford, 
etc., and Bellow’s Falls, Rutland, Saratoga, White River Junction, 
'Burlington, St. Albans and Montreal. The most direct route 
between Boston and Lake George, Lake Champlain and the 
Adirondack Mountains. Monadnock Mountain, five miles from 
Troy Stat on, is a favorite resort. From its summit, over three 
thousand feet above the ocean level, can be seen a vast panorama 
of mountains, rivers, lakes and villages. Coaches will be in 
readiness at Troy Station to convey passengers, at very low rate, 
to the Mountain House, where will be found ample accommoda¬ 
tions for transient and permanent boarders. Boston Office, 228 
Washington Street. General Office, Keene, N. H. 

F. H. Kingsbury, G. T. A. R. Stewart, Gen. Manager. 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


TOWNS ON CHESHIRE RAILROAD. 

Fitchburg, Worcester Co., Mass., 50 miles from Boston. 
Junction of Cheshire R. R. with Fitchburg R. R. and Old Col¬ 
ony R. R. A flourishing city of 15,000 population. 

Winchendon, Worcester Co., Mass., 68 miles from Boston, 
is a thriving town with beautiful landscape views, good roads, 
pleasant drives, two hotels, with livery stables. At Winchendon, 
trains connect with Monadnock R. R. for Rindge, East Jaffrey, 
Dublin and Peterboro’, places popular with city boarders, on ac¬ 
count of the pure country air and nearness to the Grand Monad¬ 
nock Mountain. 

Fitzwilliam, Cheshire Co., N. H., 77 miles from Boston. 
This pleasant village is one mile from the depot and near the 
mountain. The hotels and boarding places are filled with city 
visitors every season. There is a fine shaded park in front of 
the hotels, which affords a fine play-ground for children. 

Troy, Cheshire Co., N. H., 82 miles from Boston, is the 
nearest railroad station to the Monadnock Mountain. The hotel 
has been enlarged and remodeled throughout, and is a first- 
class house. Private boarding places are open to city boarders, 
who will find Troy a healthy and pleasant summer resort. 

Monadnock Mountain.—The magnificent scenery around 
this mountain, according to the universal testimony of tourists, 
is not surpassed by the famous White or Franconia Mountains, 
and the time and expense required to reach it is much less. From 
its summit can be seen numerous mountains, rivers, lakes and 
villages, forming a vast and beautiful panorama. Stone steps 
have been placed over the most difficult places, rendering the as¬ 
cent and descent easy. The distance from the Mountain House 
to the summit is about one mile. The highest peak, called 
“ Grand Monadnock, ” is 3,718 feet above the ocean level, and 
commands a view of the country around it for fifty miles on 
every side. The summit is bare rock, but the prospect from it 
is one of remarkable beauty. The coach fare between Troy Sta¬ 
tion and the Mountain House, 50 cents, to and from all trains. 

Keene, Cheshire Co., N. H., 92 miles from Boston, is a 
thriving town of 8,000 people, and with three good hotels. It is 
one of the pleasantest places in the United States, is noted for its 

16b 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


beautifully shaded streets, pleasant drives and walks, and affords 
the pleasures and comforts of the country with many of the con¬ 
veniences of the city. 

Chesterfield, Cheshire Co., N. H.,10 miles southwest from 
Keene, is a popular summer resort. Lake Spofford, about nine 
miles in circumference, is one of the finest lakes in New England. 
Its clear waters, fed entirely by cool springs, abound in excellent 
fish. There are steamers, sail and row boats upon the lake, and 
cool and shady pleasure grounds and groves surrounding it. The 
Prospect House, near the lake, and the Chesterfield House, are 
both good hotels that entertain summer boarders at low rates. 
Stages run to and from Keene, connecting with Boston trains. 

Walpole, Cheshire Co., N. H., 110 miles from Boston, is 
situated on a bluff overlooking the Connecticut Biver and Val¬ 
ley, commanding one of the most beautiful landscape views in 
the country. The surrounding scenery is thought to be superior 
to any in New England. It is a favorite resort of city boarders. 
There is a good livery stable, where can always be obtained at 
reasonable prices good saddle and carriage horses. The drives 
around the place are not surpassed by any in New England. The 
Dinsmore House is a new and commodious hotel, built on the 
site of the Wentworth House. The public will find this a first- 
class house in every respect. 

Bellows Falls, Windham Co., Vermont, 114 miles from 
Boston, is the junction with the Central Vermont R. R., for all 
points North and West. The wild and romantic mountain and 
river scenery renders Bellows Falls particularly attractive. From 
the top of Fall Mountain or Mt. Kilburn, on the New Hamp¬ 
shire side of the river, a splendid bird’s-eye view of the falls, 
village, river and valley is obtained. Town’s Hotel, The Island 
House and The Commercial House are all good hotels, and 
favorably known to the traveling public. 

At Bellows Falls, connections are made with the Central Ver¬ 
mont R. R. for Rutland, Saratoga, Burlington, Lake Champlain, 
and the Adirondacks, White River Junction, Montpelier, St. 
Albans, Montreal, Wells River, White Mountains, Lake Mem- 
phemagog, Montreal and Quebec, and points north and west. 

16c 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


PORTLAND AND OGDENSBURG RAILROAD. 

EASTERN DIVISION. 

ThU new and important trunk-line of railroad runs from Port¬ 
land, Maine, through the White Mountains, St. Johnsbury, Green 
Mountains, Swan ton, and Burlington, Vermont. It forms with ita 
connections a great trunk-line, connecting the great lakes and 
railroads of the West with the Atlantic Ocean steamers and east¬ 
ern 1 ailroads at Portland, Maine. It is in summer a great route 
for tourists and pleasure-seekers visiting the White and Green 
Mo an tains, the Adirondacks, Lake Champlain, Lake George, Lake 
Memphremagog, and Canada. It was opened through White Moun 
tain Notch in 1878, and has superseded to a large extent the older 
style of stage-coach conveyance, which formerly prevailed among 
the White Hills for so many years. At Portland, Maine, it con¬ 
nects with the Maine Central Railroad, to and from all points in 
Maine and the provinces, with Eastern Railroad to and from 
Portsmouth, Salem, and Boston, and all lines of steamers to and 
from Boston, New York, Mt. Desert, and the provinces; also at 
Transfer Station with Boston and Maine Railroad to and from 
Old Orchard Beach, Lowell, and Boston. From Portland, it runs 
Northwesterly through Westbrook, where it connects with Port¬ 
land and Worcester line to and from Rochester, Nashua, Worces¬ 
ter, and New York ; Sebago Lake connecting with steamers for 
Naples, Bridgton, and Harrison; Baldwin, Brownfield, Fryeburg, 
North Conway, connecting with the Eastern Railroad for Wolf- 
boro, Lake Winnepesauka, Rochester, Portsmouth, and Boston; 
Intervale, Glen Station, where it connects by stage with Jack- 
son, Glen House, and summit of Mt. Washington, Upper Bartlett, 
Crawfords (White Mt. Notch); Fabyan’s, connecting with Mt. 
Washington Railroad for summit of Mt. Washington, Twin 
Mountain, B., C. &M.R.R., Bethlehem, with railroad connection 
for Profile House; Whitefield with railroad for Jefferson Hill and 
Lancaster, Littleton, and St. Johnsbury, Vt. Connection is hers 
made with PassumpsicR.R. for Wells River and the south to New 
York, and the north to Newport, Sherbrooke, Montreal, and Que¬ 
bec. From Lunenburg, Yt. the Vermont Division runs to Morris- 
rille, connecting by stage for Mt. Mansfield and Stowe and to 
('ambridge, Burlington, on Lake Champlain, and to Swanton, oon- 
oecting by rail with Ogdens burg ;_d Montreal. 


ST. JOHNSBURY AND LAKE CHAMPLAIN RAILROAD. 


This new railroad forms the connecting-link between the White 
Mountain region and Northern Vermont, extending from the 
Connecticut River to Lake Champlain, the western terminus. 

Passing as it does through the most romantic part of the State, 
in full view, after leaving the White Hills, of almost the entire 
Green Mountain range, in one continuous panorama of ever-un¬ 
folding surprises, the scenery all along the route is most varied 
and indescribably grand and imposing. This road is fast becom¬ 
ing one of the most popular lines for summer travel, and, in fact, 
no one who has the least appreciation of nature unadorned can 
fail to find this route a most attractive and desirable one. Im¬ 
mediately after leaving St. Johnsbury, the road rises constantly 
until ‘‘Walden Heights” are reached. The route affords an un¬ 
obstructed view from the train of the White and Franconia 
ranges of mountains with their snow-capped summits; while the 
Green Mountain ranges rise in most delightful contrast, clothed 
in soft verdure from base to summit. The road passes in full 
view of Mount Mansfield and Camel’s Hump, rising 4,000 feet 
and overlooking the entire country between Mount Washington, 
in New Hampshire, and the Adirondacks, in New York. 

The following is a list of the connections of this road with other 
popular and well-known routes: 

Starting from Lunenburg, on the Connecticut River, it connects 
with the Boston, Concord, and Montreal, and the Portland and 
Ogdensburg Railroad, of Maine, making a direct route through 
the great White Mountain notch from Portland, Boston, and all 
points on the sea-shore. Running west, it intersects at St. Johns¬ 
bury the Passumpsic Railroad, connecting for all points north and 
south, Montreal, Newport, Springfield, Boston, etc. 

Leaving St. Johnsbury, it passes through the towns of Danville, 
Walden, Hardwick, Wolcott, and Morrisville, where stages con¬ 
nect with all trains for Stowe and Mt. Mansfield, 8 miles distant. 

At Cambridge junction connections are made with the Burling¬ 
ton and Lamoille Railroad for Burlington, Rutland and Saratoga. 

At Sheldon junction the Missisquoi Railroad is crossed, and at 
Swanton connects with the Central Vermont for Montreal, Ogdens¬ 
burg and all points west; at Magwam Bay with Steamer Mag- 
wam for Plattsburg, Burlington and all points on Lake Champlain. 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


FROM BOSTON TO THE WHITE MOUNTAINS, 
MONTREAL, QUEBEC, PORTLAND AND EAST. 

BY THE EASTERN DIVISION OF THE BOSTON 
AND MAINE RAILROAD. 

Leaving Boston from the commodious brick depot of the 
Eastern Railroad on Causeway Street (the central depot of the 
three on this street), travelers pass by the shortest route possible 
to the popular watering places in Northern Massachusetts, in New 
Hampshire and Maine, and also to Bangor, St. John, and the 
Provinces. By its Conway Branch it delivers passengers at Wolfe- 
borough, on Lake Winnipiseogee, and at North Conway, and 
thence by the Portland & Ogdensburgh Railroad up the valley of 
the Saco, and through the famous White Mountain Notch to 
Crawford’s, and points beyond. It has numerous branches, viz. 
Saugus, Swampscott and Marblehead, Salem and Lawrence, South 
Reading, Gloucester, Essex and Amesbury, Portsmouth and 
Dover, etc. By this railroad and its branches are reached nearlj 
thirty sea-shore resorts, most of which are on or near it3 main 
line. No route in New England offers more numerous or varied 
charms to the tourist and pleasure-seeker. It is confessedly one 
of the best equipped and managed roads of New England. Its 
cars are neat and clean, its tracks level and solid, its officers and 
employes polite and obliging, and the scenery along its course r 
continual feast to the eye. Through tickets will be obtained foi 
all points north and north-east at the depot, or of ticket agents, 
generally, and connections at Portland with all out-going raa»~ 
lines for the North, West, and East studiously effected. 


INTERNATIONAL STEAMSHIP COMPANY. 

FROM BOSTON TO PORTLAND, EASTPORT, ST. JOHN. 

The splendid steamers of this line ply between Boston, Port¬ 
land, Eastport, and St. John, N. B., and afford to tourists a charm¬ 
ing sail as well as a change from the dust, heat and confinement 
of railway travel in summer. Connections are made to Calais, 
Me., Halifax, N. S., Charlottetown, Prince Edward’s Island; and 
the tourist who includes in his trip the St. Lawrence, Quebec and 

174 



NOR THE BN RESORTS. 


Montreal will find this way a restful and pleasing method of 
travel. Time from Boston to Portland, about eight hours; from 
Portland to Eastport, fifteen; from Eastport to St. John, four. 

The steamers of this line are the Cumberland, State of Maine, 
and the New Brunswick, one of which, in June, July, August 
and September, leaves Commercial Wharf, Boston, at 8.30 A.M., 
Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays; and the rest of the year, 
Mondays and Thursdays, at 8 A.M. Those desiring it may leave 
Boston by the Boston and Maine, or the Eastern B. R., on the 
morning or noon trains, and connect at Portland with steamer. 
Through tickets are for sale at the depots of these railroads. 
Returning a steamer will leave St. John at 8 A.M., and Eastport 
at 1 P.M., on the same days in summer and winter as above. 
Special steamers, after the last part of June, leave Boston Thurs¬ 
days, at 5 P.M., for St. John direct, in 26 hours. Returning 
leave St. John at 8 P.M., Saturdays. 

A steamer also leaves Boston, after last of June, on Mondays, 
for Annapolis, N. S., calling at Digby. Returning leaves Annap¬ 
olis, calling at Rigby, every Tuesday evening. 

PORTLAND, BANGOR, MT. DESERT AND MACHIAS 
STEAMBOAT COMPANY. 

In summer the Steamer Lewiston, 1,127 tons, Capt. Charles 
Deering, leaves Railroad Wharf, Portland, Tuesdays and Fri¬ 
days, at 11.00 P.M., on arrival of Express Trains from Boston, 
for Mount Desert, Machiasport and intermediate landings, ar¬ 
riving at Mount Desert about noon. 

Returning leaves Machiasport Mondays and Thursdays, at 
4.00 A.M., and Mount Desert at 10.00, arriving in Portland the 
same evening, connecting with the Pullman Train for Boston. 

Steamer City of Richmond, 1,000 tons, Capt. Wm. E. Denni¬ 
son, leaves same wharf Mondays, Wednesdays and Saturdays, at 
11.15 P.M., on arrival of Steamboat Express Trains from Boston, 
for Mt. Desert (Southwest and Bar Harbors), touching at Rock¬ 
land only, and arriving at Bar Harbor about 10 A.M. next day. 

Returning leaves Bar Harbor at 7.00 A.M., Mondays, Wednes¬ 
days and Fridays, touching at Southwest Harbor and Rockland, 
arriving in Portland about 5.00 P.M., connecting with trains for 
Boston, arriving at 10 P.M. Also connects at Rockland with 
Noon Train via Knox and L. R. R., for Portland and Boston. 

18 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


These steamers are strong and spacious, and afford reliable con¬ 
nections with the railways. The staterooms are ample, and the 
sail, especially by day, whether along the islands and reefs of 
the coast, or through Penobscot Bay, is one of peculiar beauty. 

Passengers for Camden, Belfast, Bangor and River Landings, 
from Portland, Monday, Tuesday and Friday, connect at Rock¬ 
land on following morning with Sanford S. S. Co. Steamers. 

THE MAINE CENTRAL RAILROAD 

Is the great railway thoroughfare of Maine, connecting Portland, 
the commercial metropolis of Maine, with all the cities and towns 
along the line of the Androscoggin, Kennebec and Penobscot 
Rivers, and other parts of the State. 

It forms, with its own line and branches, the only rail route 
between Portland and Bangor, Brunswick, Bath, Gardiner, 
Augusta, Skowhegan, Waterville, Belfast, Dexter and Farming- 
ton, and the best and most direct route to Lewiston and Auburn, 
and to all parts of the State of Maine, connecting with all trains 
from and to Boston, New York, Worcester, Nashua and the 
White Mountains, Rockland, St. John, Halifax, and the Provinces. 

The general offices of the company are at Portland, Me. It is 
provided with all the modern improvements for comfort and 
safety. Pullman sleeping cars are run on night trains. A con¬ 
nection made with the night Pullman express train for Portland 
and Boston from and to Lewiston and Auburn, Skowhegan, etc. 
Stages connect at nearly all of the stations for towns adjacent. 
Among the most important being the stages leading north and 
east from terminal points. 

By this line all of the summer resorts of Maine can be quickest 
and most easily reached and for the most of them it is the only 
reliable line. A glance at the Map reveals the fact that at least 
half a dozen routes are afforded by this line into the Wilderness 
of Northern Maine, where “ the careworn business man and over¬ 
worked student can find that relaxation so grateful, which comes 
from camping out.” The opening of the Sandy River Railroad 
from Farmington to Phillips—the narrowest narrow gauge road in 

18a 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


America—will undoubtedly bring all of the Rangely Lake travel 
this way. From North Anson, a Stage Line runs into the Dead 
River region. From Skowhegan to the Forks of the Kennebec 
and to Moose River, and from Bangor, rail lines lead in 
one direction to grand old Moosehead, and in another to 
Aroostook County, and all of the resorts in the Provinces. 
By this line also all of the resorts on the coast east of Porbland 
^an be reached—Harps well, via Stage from Brunswick ; Boothbay,' 
via Steamers from Bath; Camden, via Stage from Rockland; 
Oastine, via Steamers from Belfast or Bangor ; Mt. Desert and the 
Sullivan Silver Mines, via Steamers from Rockland and Bangor, or 
via Stage from Bangor. 

There is no equally accessible portion of our whole country 
which offers such attractions to the tourist, pleasure-seekers, 
invalid or sportsman, as the State of Maine. 

Tickets for sale at principal stations in New York, Philadelphia, 
Baltimore, Washington, Chicago, St. Lou ; s, and all principal 
points South and West via all routes, and can be procured for 
points in Maine at most of the leading places in the United States. 


MASSACHUSETTS CENTRAL RAILROAD. 

OPERATED BY THE BOSTON AND LOWELL RAILROAD COMPANY. 

The Massachusetts Central Railroad is projected to connect 
Boston with the Hoosac Tunnel. At present, it is only partially 
completed, but it promises to b come a road of considerable im¬ 
portance. Trains are run over the road, from the Boston and 
Lowell station, Causeway Street, Boston, passing through the 
towns of Belmont, Waltham, Weston, Wayland, Sudbury, Hud¬ 
son, Bolton, Berlin, Clinton, Boy 1st on and Holden. At Oakdale 
a junction is made with the Nashua and Worcester Railroad, and 
connections are made for Worcester and points South, and 
Nashua and points North. It crosses the Barre and Gardiner 
Railroad at Jefferson. It is probable that this road will shortly 
run to Northampton, from which point ultimately it will be 
extended to North Adams. 


18 b 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


FOE KENNEBEC RIVER. 

The splendid sea-going steamer, Star of the East, will leave 
end of Lincoln’s Wharf, Tuesdays and Fridays, at 6 o’clock p.m., 
during the year (winter months excepted), for Bath, Richmond, 
Gardiner, Hallowed, and Augusta, going up and down the Ken¬ 
nebec river by daylight. This steamer stops at Fort Popham, a 
new and popular summer resort, and connects at Bath with 
steamers for Bristol and Booth Bay, and the Islands so largely 
frequented during the summer. Also with Knox and Lincoln 
R.R., and at Augusta with all stages running east and west. 

BOSTON, HALIFAX AND PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND 
STEAMSHIP COMPANY. 

For Halifax , N. S., Port Hawkesbury ( Straits of Canso ), Pictou, 
N. A, and Charlottetown , P. E. I. 

One of the magnificent steamships, Carroll and Worcester, 1,400 
tons each, will leave T wharf, Boston, for above ports every 
Saturday at 12 M., arriving at Halifax at daylight on Monday 
morning following; Port Hawkesbury, Tuesday A.M. ; Pictou, 
Tuesday noon; Charlottetown, Tuesday evening. Returning, 
leave Charlottetown, P. E. I., on Thursday at 5 P.M. ; Port 
Hawkesbury, Friday A.M., and Halifax, Saturday at 4 P.M., ar¬ 
riving at Boston early Monday morning. 

Connections are made at Halifax with the Nova Scotia Railway, 
for Truro, New Glasgow, and Pictou; Windsor and Annapolis 
R.R., to Windsor and Kentville, and steamers to St. Johns, N. F. 

At Port Hawkesbury, with steamer Neptune and stages for 
Sydney, also with T. S. Lindsey & Co.’s stages for Antigonish, 
McPhersons, St. Peters and all important points in Cape Breton. 

At Boston, with Central Vermont Railroad, for Montreal, 
Quebec, and all parts of Canada. Passage tickets are sold at 
Halifax for New York, by any of the Sound lines. No expense 
for transfer of passengers at Halifax or Boston. This line fur¬ 
nishes a most delightful summer trip, combining an ocean voy¬ 
age with the passage through the beautiful “ Straits of Canso,” 
and gives to passengers an opportunity of visiting the various 
places of interest at which the vessels stop, including the cities 
of Halifax, Pictou, and Charlottetown. The steamships are well 
furnished, and commanded by skilful and experienced officers. 

Excursion tickets, for the round trip, are sold at a price which 
renders the trip of some nine days one of the cheapest possible. 

18 o w 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 

BOSTON AND BANGOR STEAMSHIP CO. 

Daily Line to Landings on Penobscot Bay and Liver, 
Moosehead Lake and Mt. Desert. 

Having one of the largest and finest fleet of Steamers sailing 
out of Boston, commanded by able and efficient officials; the 
many passengers taking this Line may be assured of a pleasant 
trip, courteous treatment, combined with comfort and safety. 

The scenery through which this Route extends is unsurpassed. 
The advantage of its connections are reliable and sure, and the 
conveniences and inducements offered to the tourist and pleasure 
seeker are unrivalled. 

One of the elegant Steamers of this Line leaves Lincoln’s 
Wharf, Boston, every week-day at 5.00 P.M. for Rockland, 
Camden, Northport (July and August), Belfast, Searsport, Fort 
Point (July and August), Bucksport, Winterport, Hampden and 
Bangor. 

Connections made at Rockland DAILY with the Palace Steamer 
“Mt. Desert” for So. West Harbor and Bar Harbor, Mt. Desert, 
the popular Pleasure Resort of Eastern Maine. 

For Castine, Deer Isle, Sedgwick, Millbridge, etc., every Wed¬ 
nesday and Saturday. 

For Deer Isle, Surry, Blue Hill and Ellsworth, every Tuesday, 
Thursday and Saturday, with small steamers and packets for 
the adjacent Islands ; also with stages at the different landings 
for all points distant. 

At Bangor with the B. and P. R.R. for Moosehead Lake. 

Returning, leave Bangor every week-day at 11 A.M. touching 
at intermediate points. 

Leave Bar Harbor every week-day at 1 P. M. (except Monday, at 
10 A.M.) connecting at Rockland with Steamer for BOSTON 
DIRECT. 

In its arrangements this Line has a Through system of Tickets 
and Baggage Checks, thus facilitating the ever increasing travel 
from all points west and south. 

m 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


FROM BOSTON NORTH via BOSTON AND LOWELL, AND 
CONCORD RAILROADS, &c. 

Leaving the Boston and Lowell Railroad Station, on Causeway 
Street, Boston, we cross the long bridge over Charles River to 
SOMERVILLE, 

A suburb of Boston, with 30,000 inhabitants. Through trains 
do not stop. Three miles from Boston the Lexington and 
Arlington Branch diverges to Concord, Mass. We pass North 
Somerville, with Tuft’s College, on the left, and a massive stone 
structure with conical top which was a powder house at the 
time of the Battle of Bunker Hill. Five miles from Boston is 
WEST MEDFORD, 

Where is located Brook Farm. Here, years ago, Hawthorne 
and other congenial spirits formed a ‘ 4 Community ” and lived 
for several years as a family, having all things in common. 

WINCHESTER. 

Middlesex Co., Mass., 8 m. fr. Boston. 

Contains manufactories, machine shops, tanneries and exten¬ 
sive vegetable gardens. A Branch Railway runs through Woburn, 
a manufacturing place of 10,000 people, to Lowell. Two miles 
above Winchester is Montvale, at the junction of the main line 
with the branch railway to Stoneham, two miles distant. 
Passing Walnut Hill and other stations, we reach Wilmington, 
15 miles from Boston, where a branch railway diverges to 
LAWRENCE, 

Essex Co. t Mass., 26 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 40,000. 

Described under heading,“ Boston and Maine Railway.’' 
This branch passes through Tewksbury, where is located a 
State Pauper Institution which cost about $100,000. 

Leaving Wilmington, we pass through Billerica, a town of 2,000 
inhabitants. The 44 Howe School” is a mile west of the station. 
At North Billerica, 22 miles from Boston, the Concord River 
furnishes power for cotton and woolen mills. On the left may 
Oe seen the chemical works of Talbot Brothers, and on the 
right, is the fine residence of Ex-Gov. Talbot. 

LOWELL, 

Middlesex Co., Mass., 26 m.fr. Boston. Pop. 75,000. 

Hotels — Merrimac, American, St. Charles. 

Among the large manufacturing towns of America, Lowell has 
hardly a riyal in the extent of her factories. The city is built 

19 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


chiefly on the right bank of the Merrimac, near its junction with the 
Concord River. The manufacturing interest is, of course, the 
controlling power in the place, and the result is that Lowell is a 
model worthy of imitation in many of our larger cities. 

In 1821, there were twelve houses on the land now occupied by 
this busy population. A few years previous to that date, a canai 
known as the Pawtucket Canal had been dug around the falls of 
the same name, for purposes of navigation. Messrs. William 
Appleton and Patrick T. Jackson are the gentlemen to whem be¬ 
longs the credit of inaugurating this enterprise. The company 
was incorporated in 1822, under the title of the Locks and Canal 
Co., and work was at once begun to prepare the ground for 
building and the water-power for use. With characteristic fore¬ 
thought it was decided that an appropriation should be made for 
a church, which was done, and St. Aim’s Church still stands to 
commemorate the wisdom of its founders. Soon afterward an 
appropriation for a public library was made, and a library estab¬ 
lished, which has since grown to large dimensions. 

The first wheel of the Merrimac Co. was set in motion on Sept. 
1st, 1823. In 1846 the present grand canal was decided upon, and 
Mr. J. B. Francis appointed to superintend its construction. The 
outlet of Lake Winnipiseogee was purchased, with water rights, and 
every improvement in machinery has been introduced as rapidly 
as its advantages were recognized. The water-power, about 
10,000 horse-power, is leased to the manufacturers by the owners. 
The wheels in use at present are that pattern of turbines known 
as Boyden’s Improvement. 

The visitor should not fail to see the huge mills of the Merri¬ 
mac Manuf. Co.; the Lowell Manufacturing Co., where thirty 
to forty thousand yards of carpet are made a week; the Lowell 
Bleachery, where 15,000,000 yards of cotton goods are annually 
bleached. The establishment has some interesting- chemical 
works, for they make their own “drugs.” Among these is the 
only vitriol furnace in the country. An interesting fact was told 
the writer by Mr. F. P. Appleton, agent of the Bleachery, while in¬ 
specting the steam-engine which drives the machinery. The arrival 
of the Monitor in Hampton Roads, on March 9, 1862, was Provi¬ 
dential in more than one particular. While this engine was being 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


built, in 1861, by the Corliss Steam Engine Co. of Providence, R 
t., the New York contractors for the building of the original 
Monitor found that there was no lathe in the country, excepting 
that of the Corliss Company, large enough to turn the “ turret 
ring” upon. They accordingly shipped the ring to Providence. 
It reached its destination on November 18, 1861. Two days after 
it was bolted to the great fly-wheel of the Bleachery engine, then 
in the works, and on the 3d day of December following it was 
returned to New York completed. Thus we find another link in 
the chain of events which saved our fleet on that memorable day 
in Hampton Roads. 

The capital stock of Lowell manufacturing companies in 1871 
was $14,000,000; the mills, 69; operatives, about 15,000, male 
and female, who received upwards of $80,000 a week. The city 
has railroad connections, not only with Boston, but with Law¬ 
rence and the East, by the Lowell and Lawrence Railroad ; with 
Nashua and Manchester, by the Lowell and Nashua Railroad; 
with Worcester and Fitchburg, by the Stony Brook Railroad; and 
with Framingham and the valley of the Blackstone, by the Lowell 
and Framingham Railroad. A hospital at Lowell is sustained by 
the several manufacturing corporations for employes. Lowell has 
numerous churches, schools, public libraries, and fine dwellings. 

Passing Middlesex, a suburb of Lowell, we arrive at North 
Chelmsford, Middlesex Co., Mass., at the mouth of Stony Brook, 
the source of water-power to a great number of manufactories in 
this and adjacent towns. Here the Stony Brook Branch Railway 
diverges to Ayer Junction, Mass., thirteen miles distant, whem 
it connects with the Fitchburg and Worcester and Nashua Rail¬ 
ways. 

The next station, Tyngsboro’, thirty-two miles from Boston, 
is in a picturesque country village overlooking the valley of the 
Merrimac. 


NASHUA, 

Hillsborough Co ., N. H, 40 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 14,000. 

Hotels — Laton , Indian Head and Tremont. 

This is a city pleasantly located on both sides of the Nashua 
River, and upon a diversified surface, rising in some places 100 

.21 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


.eet or more above the water. It is well ornamented with shade 
urees, is supplied with aqueduct water and gas. The Nashua 
River, which here has a fall of fifty or sixty feet, furnishes ample 
water-power for its numerous factories, mills, foundries, and 
machine-shops. The Nashua Manufacturing Co., the Jackson 
Co., and other cotton mills, employ many operative* 

There are three railway depots in and near Nashua. The 
through-line depot is at the eastern extremity of the town, which 
is nearly invisible from it. A mile west of this is the principal or 
Boston depot, on the north side of the river on the main street, 
and at the junction of the Wilton Branch. One-half mile south 
of this depot is the depot of the Worcester and Nashua Railway. 

The city enjoys railroad connections, not only with the main 
line north and south, but with the Nashua, Acton and Boston 
branch of the Concord Railroad; the Boston and Maine Railroad, 
running through Rochester, N. H., to Portland, Me., and with 
the Boston and Lowell Railroad to Wilton, Greenfield and 
Keene, N. H. 


THE NASHUA AND KEENE DIVISION. 

This road diverges from the through line at Nashua, and runs 
fifty-six miles in a northwesterly direction into the romantic 
hill country north of Wilton, to Keene, N. H., ninety-six miles 
from Boston. Among and upon these hills, and in the immediate 
vicinity of the railway, are many large and commodious public 
houses, that are well filled in summer by visitors and families 
from Boston and elsewhere. Being but two or three hours’ ride 
from the city, and accessible by numerous and convenient trains, 
they afford very desirable retreats from the discomforts of sum¬ 
mer in town, and are liberally patronized. The hotels at Mount 
Vernon, the Milford Springs Hotel, at Amherst, the Mayfield 
House, at Greenfield, accommodating from 100 to 300 guests each, 
offer the greatest attractions and are among the best hotels. A 
large number of visitors and boarders are also cared for in private 
houses Lines of stages connect with New Ipswich, Francestown, 
and various points of interest in th r ‘ southwestern counties of the 
State. Passing South Merrimac, Hillsborough Co., N. H. a small 

V* 



NORTHERN RESORTS . 


village forty-five miles from Boston, in a hilly country, and on the 
Souhegan River, we come to 

AMHERST STATION. 

Amherst , Hillsborough Co., N. H., 48 m. fr. Boston. 

This is the R. R. station for Amherst village, population, 2,000, 
four miles north, and for Milford Springs, two miles southwest. 
Horace Greeley was born in this town. The Souhegan River flows 
through the town. Mineral springs abound in the vicinity, the 
principal of which are the Ponemah and Milford Springs, which 
are within the grounds of the famous Ponemah Hotel, about two 
miles south of the R. R. station. These valuable mineral waters 
are bottled at the springs, and marketed in the principal cities. 
They are prized as pure, healthful and sparkling table waters. 
The chief mineral properties are iron, magnesia and soda. The 
elegant Ponemah Hotel, with its valuable mineral springs, is 
situated high up on the New Hampshire hills, commanding 
extensive views of beautiful landscape in all directions. The 
hotel is handsomely furnished, and supplied with perfect 
sanitary arrangements. The comforts and luxuries of the 
Ponemah Hotel combine with the tonic mountain air, the 
charming landscape and the free country life to make this place 
very attractive for summer residence. A large livery and board¬ 
ing stable is connected with the hotel. 

MILFORD, 

Hillsborough Co., N. H., 51 m.fr. Boston. Population, 2,000. Stages 
run daily to Mount Vernon, 4 miles distant. 

Broad meadows surround the pleasant village of Milford. The 
famous Hutchinson family were born here. 

WILTON, 

Hillsborough Co., N. H., 55 m.fr. Boston. Pop., 2,000. 

Wilton is delightfully situated in the Souhegan valley, which is 
here narrow and bounded by hills. There are woolen mills, tan¬ 
neries, starch factories, glass-works, furniture factories and saw¬ 
mills in the vicinity. 2,000 gallons of milk are daily taken to 
Boston from the dairy region about Wilton. Granite is quarried 
near the village. Wilton is - a popular resort for summer visitors. 
Pleasant rides and walks abound in the vicinity. Barnes’ Falls 
are two miles distant, and Mount Monadnock is twenty-five miles 
west. Four miles north is Lyndeborough, Hillsborough Co., N. H. 

23 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


GREENFIELD, 

Hillsborough Co ., N. H., 66 to. fr. Boston. 

Hotel —Mayfield House. 


Pop. 1,000. 


This is connected by line ot stages with Francestown. Pict¬ 
uresque mountain scenery delights the eye throughout this 
entire region. 

Leaving Greenfield we come to Hancock Junction, where con¬ 
nection is made for Peterboro’, seven miles west, and for Antrim 
and Hillsboro’, on the east. We then pass through Hancock, a 
pleasant village in the hill country, a favorite place for summer 
boarders, and reach Harrisville, a thriving manufacturing village 
82 miles from Boston. At this point stage may be taken for 
Dublin, 2 miles away. This is a pleasant country village nest¬ 
ling at the foot of Mount Monadnock, and is becoming a favorite 
resort of city people, who are erecting fine houses for summer 
homes. Leaving Harrisville, we pass through Marlboro and 
arrive at Keene, a busy city of 8,000 inhabitants. 


CONCORD RAILROAD. 

Leaving Nashua by main line we follow the valley of the Merri¬ 
mack River, a distance of 35 miles, from Nashua to Concord, 
pursuing its right bank as far as Goff’s Falls, where it crosses to 
the east side, thence to Hooksett, where it recrosses to the right 
bank, and thence to Concord. 

Branches —At Manchester with the Manchester and Law¬ 
rence, the Concord and Portsmouth, and the Manchester and 
North Weare Railroads. Concord is the point of divergence of 
the Boston, Concord, and Montreal, the Concord and Claremont, 
N IT. Railroads, and the Northern Railroad to White River Junc¬ 
tion, and thence to Montreal. Going north from Nashua, we pass 
Thornton’s Ferry and Merrimack, unimportant towns. Reed’s 
Ferry, 48 miles from Boston, the location of the McGaw Normal 
Institute, a school for boys and girls, also Litchfield, a small 
town on the opposite side of the river; then Goff’s Falls, 53 miles 
from Boston, so called from a former resident. On the outlet of 
Massabesic Pond, a half mile south of the station, is a village 
in which is a manufactory of woolen yarn. The railroad here 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


crosses the Merrimack River, on an excellent double-track bridge 
about 700 feet long. 

MANCHESTER. 

Hillsborough Go., N. H., 55 m.fr. Boston. Pop. 37,000. 

Hotels— Windsor House, National, and Manchester House. 

The city of Manchester, incorporated in 1846, is one of the 
most important manufacturing cities of New England. Its situa¬ 
tion is on the east side of the Merrimack River, and it grew 
rapidly within a few years from an inconsiderable village to its 
present size. It includes within its limits the villages of Piscata- 
quog and Amoskeag. It is regularly and handsomely laid out, 
with neat and shaded trees, and presents an air of thrift and 
prosperity. The manufacturing companies have erected, for the 
accommodation of those in their employ, commodious and sub¬ 
stantial brick blocks of tenement houses, seldom surpassed for 
comfort. The Merrimack River here makes quite a rapid descent 
over a rocky bottom, affording a water-power of great volume, 
and easily turned to advantage. Here are located the mills of 
several well-known manufacturing companies. Among them are 
the “Amoskeag,” “ Manchester Print Works,” “ Langdon Mills,” 
and “ Stark Mills.” There are also extensive works for the manu¬ 
facture of locomotives, steam fire-engines, power-looms, and a 
great variety of other mechanical industries. 

From Manchester branches of the Concord Railroad run to 
Lawrence, Portsmouth and North Weare, N. H. 

HOOKSET. 

Merrimack Co., N. H., 64 m. fr. Boston. 

The railroad here recrosses the river on a double-track bridge 
about 550 feet long. On the opposite side of the river from the 
station are the mills of the “ Hookset Manufacturing Company,” 
for cotton goods, and near by are several extensive brick yards. 
“ Pinnacle Mountain ” rises on the west several hundred feet, 
commanding an extended view. A branch R. R. from the main 
line at this place crosses the river at the falls, and, passing 
through Suncook village, on the east side of the river, joins the 
main line again about one mile below Concord. Another branch 
of the Concord Railway runs through Allentown, Epsom, and 
Chichester to Pittsfield, N. H. 

2 25 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


SUNCOOK. 

Merrimack Co., N. H., 66 m. fr. Boston. 

Is on two of the branches of the Concord B. B., one of which is 
the Suncook Valley branch, whose northern terminus is Pitts¬ 
field, N. H. The village is in a narrow valley of the Suncook 
Biver. The falls of the river, which here joins the Merrimack, 
afford excellent water-power for manufactories and mills. The 
large mills of the “Pembroke ” and “ Webster ” companies, for 
the manufacture of cotton goods, are fine structures of brick, and 
extensive works of its manufacturing companies, and its general 
enterprise, make this an important place. 

CONCORD. 

Merrimack Co., N. H., 73 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 14,000. 

Hotels— Eagle and Phenix. 

This is the capital of the State of New Hampshire. It was 
originally known by the name of “ Penacook,” from that of a 
tribe of Indians, whose favorite grounds were in this place. It 
was incorporated as a city in 1853, and includes within its limits 
also the villages of East Concord, West Concord, and a large part 
of Penacook, situate partly in Concord and partly in Boscawen. 
The city proper is very pleasantly located on the level and gradu¬ 
ally rising land on the west side of Merrimack Biver, overlooking 
its extensive intervales. Two streets, Main and State, parallel 
with the general course of the river, extend the entire length of 
the city, nearly two miles. Most of the streets are regular, and 
bordered with overshading trees, which constitute a great and 
very attractive beauty of the place. Its central position, and its 
railroad communications with the different sections of the State, 
make Concord the place of an extensive and important trade. 
Its most important manufactures are carriages. The establish¬ 
ment of Abbot, Downing & Co. has long been well known through¬ 
out the country. The quarrying and cutting of the excellent 
“ Concord granite ” is extensively carried on. 

In the center of the city, in an entire square, is the Capitol, a 
structure of Concord granite, beautiful and commodious. It was 
built in 1819, and enlarged and improved in 1867. The City Hall 
and Court House, on Main Street, a quarter of a mile north of the 
Capitol, is a two story building of brick, and contains the city 

26 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


and county offices. The new State Prison, further north, is well 
arranged and designed for the health, as well as safe keeping of 
its inmates. It is the only prison in the State. The Asylum for 
the Insane is on the westerly side of the city, and, with its exten¬ 
sive buildings and surrounding grounds, and large farm of 125 
acres, is an attractive as well as a very useful and successful 
institution. The St. Paul School for boys is a flourishing insti¬ 
tution at Millville, about two miles from Concord on the Turkey 
River. The school is under the influence of the Episcopal 
denomination, and liberally patronized. 


BOSTON, CONCORD, MONTREAL AND WHITE MOUNTAINS 

RAILROAD. 

Concord to Northumberland, 145 miles. Concord to top Mount 
Washington , 144 miles. 

This Railroad is the main route via Lowell to the White Moun¬ 
tains. Passengers choosing this route will pass without change 
from Concord north along Lake Winnipiseogee and through 
romantic mountain scenery. The first station is East Concord, a 
small station 75 miles from Boston. North Concord, 78 miles 
from Boston, is a small country manufacturing village in the 
midst of rich and fertile meadows. Canterbury, 83 miles from 
Boston, is also an unimportant station. The Shaker village, some 
4 miles distant, is a prosperous community. They have con¬ 
structed an artificial pond with sufficient water power for a saw¬ 
mill and a grist-mill. Northfield is a wood and water station in a 
farming town. 

TILTON, 

Belknap Co. N. H.. 91 m. Jr. Boston. Hotel. — Dexter House. 

The Winnipiseogee River, the outlet of the lake of the same 
name into the Merrimack, is crossed just before reaching this 
station, which was formally called Sanbornton Bridge. The town 
is a delightful rural one, with a varied surface and scenery, 
bordering on the east upon the shore of Great Bay. Here are 
two woolen mills, three churches, and a number of handsome 
residences. The “ New Hampshire Conference Seminary and 
Female College ” stands upon the rising ground west of the rail 



NORTHERN RESORTS, 


road. A stage leaves Tilton daily foi New Hampton, GO- 
manton, and Franklin. 

East Tilton, four miles north of Tilton, is a small village upon 
Great Bay, an arm of Lake Winnipiseogee. 

LACONIA, 

Belknap Co., N. H., 100 m.fr. Boston. Pop. 3,500. 

Hotels —Laconia House and Willard's. 

Situated in a picturesque region on Great Bay, is the flourishing 
village of Laconia, containing several churches, numerous stores, 
and successful manufactories. Among the last named are the 
Laconia Mills, for the manufacture of flannels, the Gilford hosiery 
establishment, the Randlet car manufactory, and others. We 
would advise the tourist, before reaching this village, if possible, 
to seat himself upon the west side of the car, that he may not lose 
the charming view across the lake. The verdure-clad mountains 
in the distance, and the varied landscape mirrored in the clear 
waters, is one of rare beauty. The Bay View House, a private 
summer resort, overlooks the Bay a half-mile south of the statior 
LAKE VILLAGE, 

Belknap Co., N. H. 102 m.fr. Boston. 

Hotel — Mt. Belknap House. 

On the southern shore of a small arm of Lake Winnipiseogee 
is a thrving village, within easy access of the wondrous beautj 
that invests this lake region. It contains a manufactory of hosiery, 
large machine shops and repair shops, three churches, and savings 
bank. It has also extensive lumber-yards and trade in lumber. 

The little steamer James Bell is kept for excursions. 

WIERS, 

Belknap Co., N. II, 106 m. fr. Boston. 

At Wiers, the traveler is left to choose between leaving the 
cars and embarking here upon the steamboat “ Lady of the Lake. '’ 
Capt-W. A.Sanborn, for Centre Harbor, and the delightful scenery 
adjacent to Lake Winnipiseogee, or proceeding by rail to the 
mountains, via Plymouth and Littleton. Wiers is unimportant 
eave as the point of departure of this little steamer, which has re¬ 
cently been rebuilt and refitted in the best style, and which con¬ 
nects with trains running north and south. It is also the Lak# 
Winnipiseogee camp-meeting ground. 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Near Wiers is the old “ Endicott Rock,” which was discovered 
bat a few years since, and is supposed to be a monument or boun¬ 
dary made by two surveyors sent out by Gov. Endicott, of Man 
nachusetts, in early colonial times. “ Its quaint and curious carv¬ 
ing ” will attract attention. 


LAKE WINNIPISEOGEE. 

This enchanting mountain lake is perhaps the most pleasing 
scene in all our journey to the White Mountains. The stern gran¬ 
deur and magnificence of the mountains themselves, with the 
extended prospect which they afford, may inspire awe and won¬ 
der ; but no sight in all our travels awakens such rapturous de¬ 
light as the translucent waters, exquisite islands, and beautiful 
environs of Lake Winnipiseogee. Its situation is in the counties 
of Carroll and Belknap, between which it forms the boundary. 
It is very irregular in form, extending in a northwest and south¬ 
east direction a distance of about twenty-five miles, and in width 
from one to seven miles. Its shores are indented in every direc¬ 
tion by charming bays, and its islands are said to equal in numbei 
the days of the year. Two hundred and seventy-six of them 
have been surveyed. Its waters are remarkably clear, disclosing 
its finny inhabitants to a great depth. They abound with the 
finest fish. On all sides mountains rise, yet not abruptly, from 
the shore, which, as seen at a distance, appears smooth and level. 
In its neighborhood are the towns of Moultonborough, Wolfebo- 
rough, Tuftonborough, Centre Harbor, Meredith, Gilford, and Al¬ 
ton. The sail from Wiers to Centre Harbor is thus commented 
upon by Edward Everett: “I have been something of a traveller 
in our own country—though far less than I could wish—and in 
Europe have seen all that is most attractive from the Highlands 
of Scotland to the Golden Horn of Constantinople, from the sum¬ 
mit of the Hartz Mountains to the Fountain of Vaucluse ; but 
my eye has yet to rest on a lovelier scene than that which smiles 
around you as you sail from Weirs’ landing to Centre Harbor.” 

If we take the afternoon train from Concord we reach Wiers at 
five P.M., when we at once enter the steamer, and are in the care 
of Capt. Sanborn, As we move out into the lake, the Belknap 

W 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 

mountain rises on the right, with its two regular peaks 2,500 feet 
high. Opposite it, to the north, “ Ossipee rears its bare head.” 
Further on, if we turn northward, Red Hill appears in sight, and 
directly in front. On approaching Centre Harbor, on the right 
the pointed peak Mt. Chocorua, 3,600 feet high, is seen far dis¬ 
tant, and even the snowy front ot Mt. Washington, in a cl:ar 
day. After a sail of only ten miles, even before we desire, we 
reach Centre Harbor, where we may spend the night if we choose. 
Centre Harbor is at the north-western extremity of the central 
one of three large bays into which this lake is divided, at its west 
end. It is a small village, yet one of the most favorite summer 
resorts among all the mountain region. It contains twenty-five 
or thirty houses, several stores, and a church. Here is the well- 
known “Senter House,” so called from its earliest proprietor, 
now owned and conducted by J. L. Huntress. It commands a 
fine view of the lake, and has a beautiful lawn with shade trees 
in its front. This vicinity is free from mosquitoes and black flies. 
The rooms of the hotel are large and airy, and post and telegraph 
offices are near at hand. 

The Moulton House is pleasantly situated a short distance from 
the steamboat landing, about sixty feet above the lake, and com¬ 
mands a fine view of the surrounding mountains. It has lately 
been thoroughly renovated, and with its good cuisine and large 
airy rooms will be found a very agreeable stopping-place for sum¬ 
mer tourists. 

Red Hill is the chief object of interest in the vicinity of Centre 
Harbor, about four miles distant, affording the finest view of the 
Winnipiseogee and Squam lakes. Its height is 2,500 feet; yet 
its ascent is easily effected, for a large portion of the distance in 
carriages, and the rest of the way on horseback. Its summit is 
destitute of trees, thus affording an uninterrupted prospect in all 
directions. To the far north, the peaks of the White Mountains 
are discernible, the Ossipee mountains in the east, and a little to 
the north “Chocorua,” 3 600 feet high, so named from an Indian 
chieftain, who is said to have thrown himself from its summit to 
escape his pursuers. Kearsarge and Monadnock are distinctly 
seen at the south-west, and Belknap at the south-east. The dis¬ 
tances between these embrace the calm expanse of the larger 

30 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


lakes, those gems of New England, with here and there a town of 
village, and a smaller lake, glittering in the sunlight like a dia¬ 
mond in an emerald setting. Grace and loveliness make up the 
entire picture, and you feel fully repaid for all the time you 
have spent in being permitted to gaze upon it. 

The steamer “Lady of the Lake” continues its course from 
Centre Harbor to Wolf borough, twenty miles, and it will amplj 
repay the traveler to take this sail. For the first few miles the 
course is the same as that over which he has just passed. But soon 
he enters the broader part of the lake, near some of its largei 
Islands. The finest view of the distant mountains is at sunset, 
apon a clear evening. It was at such a time that we gazed upon 
this scene of picturesque delights, so enchanting that, in compari¬ 
son with it, we thought only of the “ sea of glass,” the “ Land of 
Beulah,” and the “delectable mountains.” 

The steamer “ Mt. Washington,” running in connection wifi 
the trains of the Boston and Maine Railway in summer, also makes 
regular trips between Alton, Wolf borough, and Centre Harbor. 

Coaches leave Centre Harbor daily for West Ossipee, connecting 
with the trains of the Eastern Railroad for Conway and North Con¬ 
way, soon after the arrival of the morning boats from Weirs and 
Alton Bay. The distance to West Ossipee is seventeen miles, the 
route passing through the towns of Moultonborough, Sandwich, 
and Tamworth, surrounded by picturesque scenery, ever new 
and increasingly attractive. A remarkable reck on the roadside, 
olosely resembling a crouching lion, arrests the traveller’s attention. 

The tourist who wishes to reach the mountains from the lake 
by railway, will return to Wiers, and proceeding north will pass 
Meredith Village, 110 miles from Boston. This is also on Lake 
iVinnipiseogee, and in a romantic region. Here are several mills, 
stores, churches, and fine residences. As we go north we pass 
tor some distance through a wild country, by Waukawan Pond, 
or as it is better known, Measley Pond ; and a little further on, 
Long Pond—both tribu taries of Lake Winnipiseogee. 

ASHLAND, 

Grafton Co., N. H., 118 m. fr. Boston. 

Hotel — Squam Lake House. 

This is a manufacturing village on the Pemigewasset Rivet, 

VI 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Squam Lake is but three miles distant, in the western part o i 
the town, and affords the finest fishing of all the mountain lakes. 

Crossing the Pemigewasset River, and passing Bridgewater, we 
come to 

PLYMOUTH, 

Plymouth , Grafton Go ., N. H., 124 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop . 

1,500. Hotel —Pemigewasset House. 

Here trains going north stop a half hour, and down trains forty 
minutes, for dinner. Plymouth is situated near the confluence of 
Baker’s River with the Pemigewasset, just at the opening of the 
Franconia and White Mountain ranges, and is one of the most 
picturesque and delightful regions in New Hampshire. It is one 
of the county seats of Grafton County. It contains two churches, 
a court-house, and an academy, and has manufactures of gloves, 
several steam saw-mills, and a number of fine residences. Liver¬ 
more Falls, two miles north of the village, are unsurpassed in 
wild and romantic scenery, and are “ probably the result of vol¬ 
canic action.” Mount Prospect, four miles from the hotel, with 
a carriage-road to the summit, commands a view thirty miles in 
extent, including Lake Winnipiseogee with its numerous islands, 
and rivaling in many respects that obtained from Mount Lafay¬ 
ette or Mount Washington. In the north the rugged mountain 
peaks raise high their towering fronts, while in all directions val¬ 
ley and lake, thriving villages and fertile meadows, give to the 
landscape such a profuse variety that the eye can never tire. 

The Pemigewasset House, situated on the side of the railroad 
track, in this beautiful village, is an elegant and spacious hotel, 
and one of the finest in the State. It has 230 feet front, a wing 
80 feet long, and is four stories high. All its appointments are 
complete. It has accommodations for 350 guests. A good liv 
ery is connected with the hotel, and good teams are in readiness 
at all times. In short, no pains have been spared to make the 
Pemigewasset the home of the tourist, while its combination of 
climate, situation and scenery presents attractions unsurpassed 
by any other summer resort in the country. 

32 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


THE PEMIGEWASSET RAILWAY ROUTE TO 
THE WHITE MOUNTAINS FROM PLYMOUTH. 

Railroad trains leave the Pemigewasset House daily, via the 
Pemigewasset Valley and Franconia Notch, for the various points 
of interest in the mountain region. 

“ Should the tourist prefer the railway route from Plymouth, 
he will enjoy a most delightful railway ride of several miles 
through Campton, Thornton and Woodstock to North Wood- 
stock, and thence by stage to the Profile House, tracing the 
course of the Pemigewasset River. The river meanders in its 
winding course, now with placid and quiet current through 
green meadows, and now in rapid and headlong torrent over its 
pebbly bed, while little cascades are bursting from the hills, 
falling in sheeted foam over the opposing rocks, to make their 
way to the welcoming stream below. As the route leaves the 
village, the mountains begin to appear in the distance. As the 
distance lessens, the white porticos of the Flume House are seen, 
welcoming our approach. The hotel seems like a “ nest among 
the mountains,” as it is relieved by the dark mass amid which it 
rests. Campton is said to contain more points for fine prospects 
than any town in the neighborhood. A quiet little inn upon the 
road-side looks the abode of comfort. Woodstock and Lincoln 
are small towns of no particular note. North Woodstock is the 
terminus of the railroad, from which stages run to the Profile 
House. The stage road is in the midst of the mountain region. 
The dark hills loom up on every side as the day departs. The 
Pemigewasset, now reduced to a little brook, murmurs at our 
feet. We have seen the summits of the hills brighten in the 
rich glory of sunset. The clouds are tinged with golden light, 
changing to soft purple and the gray of evening. The stars 
come out, the moon sends her gentle rays down into the valley. 
After a ride of exquisite enjoyment, we enter the delightful and 
quiet scenery of the Notch Road, passing the Flume House, and 
soon alight beneath the grateful shelter of the Profile House.” 

Pursuing our way by rail from Plymouth we come to Rumney, 
132 miles from Boston, in the valley of the Baker River, and in 
the shadow of Bald and of Rattlesnake Mountains. Rattlesnake 

33 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Mountain, the farther north, is a very rough, precipitous eleva¬ 
tion, a thousand feet in height, with the river winding through 
the meadows at its base. The village is three-quarters of a mile 
east of the station, and contains a tool factory, a steam mill, two 
churches, and about 1,200 inhabitants. West Itumney, the next 
station, is an unimportant one to the tourist, as is also Went 
n r orth, five miles beyond. 

WARREN, 

Grafton Co., N. H. 144 m. from Boston. 

Hotel—“ Moosilauk Bouse.” 

Is a small town, containing a peg-mill, two saw-mills, a flour¬ 
mill, a church and several stores. “Moosilauk” Mountain, 
which from ire height (4,600 ft.) and isolated position, has many 
advantages over all other mountains in New England, is reached 
by stages daily, a distance of nine miles, to the “Prospect” 
House, upon its summit. From it an uninterrupted view is pre¬ 
sented for many miles. To the north lies the Valley of the Con¬ 
necticut and the table-lands of Canada; to the north-east all the 
chains ot the White and Franconia mountains ; towards the east 
and south the whole State of New Hampshire, with the ocean in 
the far-distant- horizon dimly reflected in the sunlight. On the 
west the whole of Vermont, with its continuous chain of the 
Green Mountains, while in all directions, mountain and valley, 
lake and forest, villages and winding streams are spread before 
the vision. The trip lo this mountain-summit will amply repay 
for a little fatigue to the lover of the beautiful. Eight miles 
farther on we find East Haverhill, 152 miles from Boston—a 
small station. Directly west of Moosilauk, and on our right, 
we pass under the very shadow of Owl’s Head, a rocky cliff rising 
precipitously several hundred ±eet, singularly exhibiting the rock 
strata running perpendicularly, scantily i lothed with a few stunted 
trees, and, with a slight stretch of Jit, imagination, resembling 
somewhat uncouthly an owl’s head. 

HAVERHILL, 

Grafton Co., N. H. 157 m. fr. Boston. Tbu -i Pop. 2,500. 

Hotel—“ Smith's Hotel. *’ 

We now enter the beautiful Connecticut Valley, \nd one of sh* 


NORTHS AN RESORTS. 


most attractive towns in this section. From the car windows on 
the left we overlook broad and fertile meadows, the village ol 
Haverhill on a hill nestled among the foliage of its shade-trees, 
while beyond the river, towards the west, are seen the towns of 
Bradford, and of Newbury, Yt.—the latter with Mt. Pulaski ris 
ing in its rear. Haverhill is one of the county seats of Grafton 
County, upon an elevated site, surrounded by picturesque scen¬ 
ery. It contains three churches, a court-house, and Webster’s 
paper-mill. In its vicinity are extensive marble quarries and 
marble works. Newbury, directly opposite, is much frequented 
for its celebrated sulphur springs, and the grand and beautiful 
scenery it commands, which resembles that from Mount Holyoke 
in Massachusetts in extent and variety. 

Directly east of the Great Ox Bow, in the Connecticut River, 
where the stream makes a sharp turn to the east, and then by 
another equally abrupt to the west, pursues its course southward, 
is North Haverhill, 164 miles from Boston. 

WOODSVILLE. 

Grafton Co., N. H. 168 m. fr. Boston. 

Hotel. —Barker House. 

This small village is at the junction of the Ammonoosnck with 
the Connecticut River, is where trains from Boston, Concord, 
Montreal and White Mountain Railroad cross the Connecticut 
to Wells’ River, Yt. In summer the express trains do Dot cross 
nor stop at Woodsville, but, by a “cut-off,” pass to the east of 
Woodsville on to the White Mountains. 

Mount Gardiner stands just north, and from its top, easily 
accessible by saddle-horse or on foot, grand views of the valleys 
of Ammonoosuck, the Connecticut, and Wells’ Rivers, and the 
surrounding mountains, are obtained. For Wells’ River, see 
pages 74 and 101. 

BATH, 

Grafton Co., N. II., 178 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop. 1,200. 

Bath lies upon the east bank of the Connecticut, and is also 
watered by the Ammonoosuc, which affords many fine mill-seats, 
and an extensive water-power. It rises in the Franconia group 
of the White Mountains, near Mount Washington, and is said to 
b§ “the wildest and most impetuous river in New Hampshire,” 


NORTHERN' RESORTS. 


being called the ‘ £ Wild Ammonoosuck. ’ ’ It abounds in rapids and 
cascades, and is a stream of surpassing beauty. It is crossed by 
the White Mountain Railroad several times. 

Passing Lisbon, a small manufacturing and lumbering town, 
178 miles, and North Lisbon, 183 miles from Boston, we come to 

LITTLETON, 

Grafton Co., N. H., 187 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop. 2,500. 

Hotels — Thayer's Hotel arul Oak Hill. 

From here we may either keep on by rail to the Fabyan 
House among the White Mountains ; take the stage for the Pro¬ 
file House in the Franconia Mountains; or, what is far better, 
stay here over night and start fresh the next day. The railroad 
and stage connections at Littleton make it a convenient point 
from which to enter all parts of the mountain country. The 
usual breathless haste with which people “do the mountains” 
is anything but wise. To see and appreciate all the glories of 
this region, one must be fresh and free from care, worry about 
time, and the fretfulness of unseemly haste. So the correct 
thing to do is to stop here at least a few hours or a night, get 
rested and refreshed, and then start fair. Besides, Littleton 
offers good hotels, most magnificent views of all the mountains, 
and we may have, as it were, a preliminary view, and gain a good 
idea of the country we are to traverse. At the station are free 
carriages in waiting for Thayer’s Hotel, on the main street, and a 
short ride will bring one to its hospitable doors. Oak Hill House, 
on the top of the hill, is open in the summer, and many families 
make it their home for weeks during the season. 

Littleton is an active manufacturing town, and the village, 
spread along the right bank of the Ammonoosuck, is a very pleas¬ 
ant place. There are five churches, a Congregational, Methodist, 
Baptist, Episcopal and Catholic; a school-house, and a large 
number of excellent stores. There are a number of very fine 
walks in different directions, and everywhere are magnificent 
views of the mountains. From Thayer’s Hotel a pleasant walk 
may be taken by following the road to the left down the valley. 
Soon after passing the church the road leads over a hill, giving a 

36 



northern resorts. 


Goble view of the high hills that close in the town and river. By 
going on a short distance down the valley, and looking back, some 
fine views of Mount Lafayette and the Franconia Mountains may 
be obtained. All this road is full of attraction, and one may walk 
on for a mile or more with profit and pleasure. 

Pernaps the sun is setting behind the wood-fringed hills as we 
come out of the hotel. This is the best hour to get our first view 
of the mountains, and a few steps will place them all before us. 
Turn to the right for a few rods, and then take the little lane 
that leads up the hill to the school-house and the Oak Hill House. 
The school-house will be easily recognized, as it is a large square: 
building, with Mansard roof and a clock-tower. Arrived at the; 
school-house, turn your back to the sun, and look off towards the? 
east. These are the mountains—the great White Hills. Eighty 
miles of serrated peaks stand in sharp outline against the purple 
sky. To the right the Franconia group, with Lafayette towering 
fcbove them; to the left the White Mountains, with Washington 
crowning all the splendid view. To the stranger, the first outlook 
upon the mountains comes with a sense of surprise, and it takes 
a few moments of silent wonder and admiration to take in the 
sight, and to correctly understand the extent and grandeur of the 
prospect. It is difficult to comprehend that Lafayette, that seems 
so near, is twelve miles away, and Mount Washington more than 
twenty. On the level plateau, that appears to spread from the 
mountains towards us, may be seen the village of Bethlehem, and: 
from its houses one catches an idea of the relative extent and 
height of the table-lands and peaks before us. But the houses; 
about us intrude their commonplace forms, and obscure the 
view, and we had best walk on to the Oak Hill House, or beyond: 
it to the bit of woods on the knoll behind it. Here the view will: 
be unobstructed, and from the piazza of the hotel, or the more- 
agreeable fields, we may sit and see all of the wonderful scene.. 
The sun has sunk behind the wooded hills, and its yellow light 
streams upward among the ragged pines. The mountains still, 
glow in its light. To the south, perhaps, they are growing pur¬ 
ple as they lose the light of day. Slowly they all put on this- 
purple shade. The sunlight lingers rosy round their tops. They 
seem to blush a deeper red as the daylight fades. The cloud* 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


glow, and the mountains. The rosy bloom changes to cherry 
and climbs upward. The deep, dark woods seem bathed in rich 
est purples and browns, while the peaks are tipped with fire. 

If one has more time, a short drive or walk up Pleasant Street, 
that leads to the left from the Main Street near the bridge, will 
take him over Mann’s Hill, and give even more extended views of 
both groups of mountains, besides fine views to the north and 
west over the Green Mountains. By crossing the wooden bridge 
some picturesque views will be obtained of the river and the town ; 
and by keeping on past the station along the Bethlehem Road 
beautiful views of the White Mountains. 

Photographs make the best mementoes of a journey, and a 
well-selected collection of stereoscopic views makes a kind of pic¬ 
torial journal of the trip. The manufacture of stereosoopic 
views is a ruling interest in Littleton, and Kilburn Brothers’ es¬ 
tablishment, just above the railroad depot, is one of the most ex¬ 
tensive of its kind in the world. The Kilburn views are famous 
for their beauty and finish, and visitors will find it to their ad 
vantage to give the place a visit. 

The course of the railway from Littleton, is to the west and 
north of the mountains : first through rude forests and along the 
bed of the wild river, which seems to have tom its way through 
the rocky hills. At Wing Road, 195 miles from Boston, passen¬ 
gers for the mountains diverge from the main line without change, 
on express trains, to Bethlehem Station, 200 miles from Boston. 
About two miles distant from the railroads is 
BETHLEHEM, N. H. 

This village of hotels and boarding houses is populous during 
the season, with representatives from every State. It is situated 
on ground 1,500 feet above sea level—the highest village east of 
the Rocky Mountains—and enjoys from its northern exposure and 
altitude, cool air in summer, and fine panoramic views of the 
mountains, as well as offering relief and cure for those afflicted 
with pulmonary difficulties and hay fever. The drives and stage 
routes from here to most points of the White and Franconia 
Mountains, are easy and numerous. The chief hotels are the 
Sinclair House, at the west end, rooms for about 300 guests; and 
the Maplewood, a mile east about 400 guests. Stage* 


NORTHERN' RESORTS. 


connect with trains at Littleton, five miles distance, as well as at 
Bethlehem Station; connection is made at this point with Profile 
House and Franconia Notch R. R. for the Profile House, with its 
magnificent scenery. See pages 70 and 73. 

The next point of interest in the railway to the White Moun 
tains, is the Twin Mountain House, one of the finest and best lo¬ 
cated of all the mountain hotels. It is on the Ammonoosuc 
River, in full view of the Franconia and White Mountains. The 
appointments of the house are first class, and it is a popular rest¬ 
ing place for those tired of travel by rail or fatigued with the 
rugged ascent of the mountains. 

Four miles farther we come to Fabyans, 204 miles from Bos¬ 
ton. The Fabyan House here, built by a company at a cost of 
$200,000 for the buildings and farm, is designed to be and is 
kept in the best manner. It is 2,000 feet above the ocean. The 
White Mountain House and Mount Pleasant House are smaller 
hotels, near by. The Crawford House is only four miles east. 

Five miles farther by rail, we reach the base of Mount Wash¬ 
ington, forming connection with the mountain railway, about 
three miles long to the top of Mount Washington, 3,625 feet from 
the base station. Here is the Mount Washington House, among 
the clouds, with accommodations for 150 guests, conveniently 
furnished, and having on its tables all the substantial ana luxu¬ 
ries at other mountain hotels. The primitive Tip-Top House, and 
the Summit House, receive any overflow in case of necessity. 

We return to Wing Station now, to complete the description of 
the remainder of the main railway to Northumberland. The first 
station is 

WHITEFIELD, 

Coos Co., N. H ., 199 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 1 , 500 . 

This is a busy place, the people chiefly engaged in lumbering 
and manufacturing. It is also becoming a favorite summer 
boarding place, and has two or three hotels and several private 
boarding houses. We here cross John’s River, flowing north into 
the Connecticut. We pass Dalton and South Lancaster to 

36 


northern resorts. 




The Whitefield & Jefferson Railway, 
a branch of the Boston, Concord & Montreal line, which opens to 
railway travel, the famed Jefferson Valley. Passengers are now 
carried by rail, direct to within two and a half miles of Jefferson 
Hill, where most of the hotels and boarding houses are situated. 
The distance to East Jefferson, from the Jefferson station, is the 
same. From June 1st, passenger trains will connect with all 
trains on the Boston, Concord & White Mountains Railroad. 

JEFFERSON. 

The famous Jefferson Valley is reached by rail fromWhitefield, a 
charming railway ride of ten miles to one of the most delightful 
resorts in the White Mountain region, and is visited every summer 
by throngs of people from every section of the country. The 
principal village is on Jefferson Hill, a high spur of Mt. Starr King, 
and the outlook therefrom, upon the Presidential Range and the 
other mountain groups, is superlatively grand and beautiful. 
Starr King thus referred to the view from this spot: “Jefferson 
Hill may without exaggeration, be called the ultima thule of gran¬ 
deur in an artist’s pilgrimage among the New Hampshire moun¬ 
tains, for at no other point can he see the White Hills themselves 
in such array and force.” 

The Waumbek House, Jefferson Hills, is located on the slope of 
Starr King Mountain, about two miles from the base. Here, the 
mountains, marshalled in a vast arc of circling summits, present a 
wide sweep of landscape of a magnitude rarely met even in this 
land of bold and startling prospects. A livery stable is connected 
with the house. There are several other hotels and boarding 
houses in this vicinity, among which are the Plaisted House, finely 
located, Starr King Mountain House, Maple House, Waumbek 
Cottage, Sunny Side House, Starbird House, Cold Spring House, 
and others which can be addressed at Jefferson, N. H. P. O. 
The Mount Adams House, Highland House are at East Jefferson, 
N. H. The Mount Adams House is magnificently located and well 
conducted, the house deserves its popularity. Trout brooks 
abound in this section, and there are many opportunities far moun¬ 
tain excursions. There are accommodations for fifty guest? 
Guests will be met with carriages at the station. 

tfUa,. 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


LANCASTEB. 

Coos Co., N. H. y 210 to. fr. Boston. Town Pop. 3,000. 

Hotels — Lancaster and Williams. 

This is one of the largest villages in Northern New Hampshire ; 
and, in the traveling season, it is populous with city families, 
who gather here for the sake of the quiet, the pure mountain 
air, the lovely scenery, and the comparative freedom from the 
confusion and expense incident to a fashionable resort. The 
scenery is equal to anything in this region, and has an added 
charm in the more sober attractions of well-kept farms, trim 
meadows and gently flowing rivers. The drives in and about 
the town and through the hill country in Vermont are delightful, 
and of pleasant walks there is no lack. Lancaster incorpor¬ 
ated in 1763, under the name of Upper Co-hos, and is now the 
chief judicial seat for the county. The Israel River flows through 
the village, and the Connecticut on the west of the town. It is 
the center of extensive lumber trade. The hotels and boarding¬ 
houses are quite good, and the attractions for summer residence 
are appreciated by quite a considerable summer patronage. 

From Lancaster, we pass north to Northumberland Falls, 216 
miles from Boston. This is a small village. Opposite, and a 
short distance from this station in Vermont, is Guildhall, one of 
the pleasantest of country villages, commanding extensive views 
of the Connecticut valley. Good drives, good air, and good board, 
make this a popular resort. 

At Groveton Junction, the Boston, Concord and Montreal Rail¬ 
road unites with the Grand Trunk Railroad of Canada, for Mon¬ 
treal. Quebec, and all points north : Gorham, and all points east. 
At Northumberland, a station on the Grand Trunk Railroad, a 
little beyond the junction, is the northern terminus of the B. C. 
and M. R. R. This is a thriving settlement in the midst of fine 
scenery. Some nine miles north, on the Grand Trunk Railroad, 
at North Stratford, tourists on express trains connect with stages 
for Colebrook, 13 miles north-east, and for Dixville Notch, 10 
miles south-east of Colebrook. These places, especially Dixville 
Notch, are in the primitive forests. There aro good hotels al 


NORTHER# RESORTS. 

Oolebrook, and good hunting, fishing, and wild picturesque 
scenery in all this region. Dixville Notch is the northernmost of 
the numerous wonders of the White Mountain country, and a 
natural wonder not yet quite subjected to the strait-jacket of 
statistics nor stared to death by mixed crowds. Parties prepared 
to rough it, proceed from here to the Connecticut lakes on the 
border of Canada, and to the Rangeley Lakes on the border of 
Maine. They need guides and equipments of tent life. 

CONCORD AND CLAREMONT, N. H., RAILWAYS. 

These branches of the Northern Railway extend from Concord 
to Claremont, N. H., fifty-six miles, and from Contoocook to 
Hillsborough, fifteen miles; the former extending through the 
thriving towns of Hopkinton and Warner to Bradford, thence by 
Lake Sunapee to Newport, N. H., and the valley of the Sugar 
River to Claremont; and the latter through a portion of Hopkin¬ 
ton and Henniker to Hillsborough Bridge. All these are fine 
farming towns, possessing unusual attractions for pleasure tour¬ 
ists; and, particularly at Hillsborough and Warner, affording ex¬ 
cellent hotel accommodations. Bradford Springs may be reached 
by stage from the towns last named, being only a few miles dis¬ 
tant from either. These springs are largely resorted to in sum¬ 
mer, both on account of their medicinal properties and the beauty 
of their surroundings. Sunapee Lake, which affords fine boating 
and fishing, is about six miles distant from Bradford. 

THE NORTHERN N. H. RAILWAY. 

Concord, N. II., to White River Junction , Vt., 69 Miles. 

This railway lies wholly in the “ Granite State,” and takes a 
tortuous western course through the New Hampshire mountains, 
rising 778 feet the first forty miles. The scenery is exceedingly 
beautiful and varied. For the first twenty miles, the road follows 
the right bank of the Merrimack, or overlooks its green meadows; 
then, leaving at once the river and its level fields, the country 
rapidly becomes wild and rugged ; foaming mountain streams are 
crossed and recrossed, and dark granite rocks rise precipitously 
on both sides of the track, until the summit is pasW and the 
eastern slope of the Connecticut is reached. 

tl 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


The Northern Railway connects at Concord with the Boston 
Concord and Montreal Railroad (see page 27), with the Concord 
Railway (see page 24), and with the Concord and Claremont, N. 
II., Railway. At Franklin the branch to Bristol diverges, and at 
White River Junction connections are made with the Connecticut 
and Passumpsic Rivers Railway (see page 99), the Connecticut 
River Railway, and the Central Vermont Railway (see page 75). 
Without change of cars, passengers for Montreal may follow this 
route from Concord. The first station is 

PENACOOK. 

Merrimack Go ., N. H ., 80 m. fr. Boston. 

A small village situated at the confluence of the Merrimack and 
Contoocook Rivers. Just after leaving the station the railroad 
crosses a bridge, then runs for a few rods on Dustin’s Island, 
once a favorite camping place of Indians. A party of ten of them 
in the early history of the State, captured Mrs. Dustin, of Haver¬ 
hill, Mass., with a nurse. On their way to the North the party 
stopped on this island for the night, when Mrs. Dustin and her 
nurse succeeded in killing every one of their captors; after which 
daring feat they took a canoe and returned down the river to 
their homes. 

Three miles farther is Boscawen, a village of about 2,500 in¬ 
habitants, on the west bank of the Merrimack. The meadows 
along the river are here very beautiful. Passing North Boscawen, 
four miles farther on, we reach 

WEBSTER PLACE, 

Merrimack Co., N. H., 90 m. fr. Boston. 

This is a small and unimportant town in a commercial point oi 
view, yet interesting as having been the home of the great states 
man, Daniel Webster. The large white house north of the rail¬ 
way is the Webster house, altered from time to time ; but the 
original house may be recognized by its huge chimney and the 
row of columns which decorate its front. To this quiet retreat 
Webster loved to retire during his few and short vacations. The 
house in which he was born is not far distant in the town of Salis¬ 
bury, which was at the time of his birth included in Franklin, so 
that both towns count him among their sons. 

4 * 


northern resorts. 


FRANKLIN, 

Merrimack Co., N. H., 92 m. fr. Boston. 

Hotels — Webster House , Franklin Hotel. 

This thriving village is beautifully situated at the point where 
the Pemigewasset and the Winnipiseogee enter to form the Mer¬ 
rimack. The village is rendered very picturesque and beautiful 
by the wooded hills which surround it, and by the swift and foam¬ 
ing streams which tumble through its valleys and drive the wheela 
of its mills and machine shops. Large quantities of flannel, 
hosiery, and paper are annually manufactured here; several 
mills being engaged in the business. The Bristol Branch Railway 
diverges from the main line here, and runs to Bristol, thirteen 
miles distant, greatly increasing the business of the town. 

BRISTOL, 

Grafton Co., N. H, 105 m.fr. Boston. Pop. 1,500. 

The village lies thirteen miles from the main railroad line, on 
Newfound River, the outlet of a lake of the same name, the 
source of its ample water power. Here are extensive manufao- 
tories of leather and woollen goods. A rich bed of plumbago ex¬ 
ists two miles from the village. The whole vicinity is beautiful 
with hills and valleys, brooks and rivers, lakes and falls, and pos¬ 
sesses many attractions for summer tourists who linger a few days 
amidst its varied and wild scenery. 

Returning to the main line of the Northern N. H. Railway, we 
pass on from Franklin to East Andover, ninety-eight miles from 
Boston, and just beyond a fine sheet of water known as Webster’s 
Pond. At Andover, 102 miles from Boston, on Eagle Pond, a 
lake about four miles long and very irregular in shape, we see, 
at the right, Ragged Mountain, and get glimpses of Blackwater 
River. The scenery is beautiful. The railroad makes a wide 
detour to avoid the mountain. The Proctor House is a good 
hotel, opened June, 1876. Stages daily to New London, Spring- 
field, and Croydon. 

Potter Place, two miles further on, is the point of departure by 
stage for Mount Kearsarge ; the Winslow House being only four 
miles distant. This house was named in honor of John A. Wins¬ 
low, captain of the steam frigate “ Kearsarge,” which sank the 
« Alabama,” in 1864, off Cherbourg, and which is said to have 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


been named after this mountain ; though this honor is also claimed 
for the loftier mountain of the same name some sixty miles north¬ 
east at North Conway. The mountain may be seen from the 
cars a few miles to the west of the track. It is distinguished 
by grandly sloping sides and a bald, rocky summit. Being isolated 
in its position, and higher than any mountain in the vicinity, a 
very wide and beautiful view may be obtained from its top, in¬ 
cluding the ranges of the White and Green Mountains, and a vast 
extent of diversified and interesting country. The Winslow 
House is a summer hotel. 

West Andover, South Danbury, Danbury, Grafton, and Grafton 
Centre, are small stations, three or four miles apart. Near the 
last we reach the highest elevation of the railroad, 778 feet higher 
than Concord. From here we descend toward the Connecticut 
River from the head waters of the Mascomy River. 

CANAAN, 

Grafton Co., N. H., 125 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop. 1,877. 

This town was settled from Canaan, Conn. Tanning is carried 
on here, and on Smith’s River are several saw and grist mills. In 
the vicinity of the village is a pond known as Heart Pond, which 
is surrounded by a curious bank, like the levees of our Southern 
rivers. This gives the pond the appearance of being set on a hill. 
The bank is said to have been formed by the drifting of ice in the 
spring. Leaving the station, we cross and recross the Mascomy 
River, which now winds through level meadows, and now dashes 
through rocky chasms, affording a constant source of interest. 
This mountain range does not reach so great an elevation as does 
that portion lying west of the Connecticut River. It is, however, 
full of wild and beautiful scenery, and, at most of the villages, 
excellent accommodations can be found by summer visitors. 

Four miles beyond is West Canaan, which we pass to 
ENFIELD, 

Grafton Co., N. H., 133 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop. 1,662. 

Before reaching the village of Enfield we pass several mill¬ 
ponds near the track, most of which are used by lumber mills. 
The last one on the right belongs to the Shaker Mills, where ars 
made the famous Shaker flannels. Enfield has several familiei 
qf Shakers within its limits, and all are in a prosperous condition 

44 


NORTHERN RESORTS, 


They raise large quantities of choice garden seeds. They mann 
facture woodenware, brooms, and other useful articles of mer- 
chandise. The community was formerly under the charge of 
Caleb Dyer, who was for a long time prominent among the lead¬ 
ers of his sect. Leaving the village, we come out upon the shore 
of Enfield Pond. This splendid pond is several miles long, and 
the track is laid close to its bank most of the way to Lebanon 
It is said to be singularly beautiful at sunset. Passing East Le 
banon, we come to 

LEBANON, 

Orafton Co., N. H., 139 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop. 3,100. 

Stages daily to Meriden. 

Many of the towns in this neighborhood were settled from Con 
necticut, and their founders named their new homes after the old. 
Such was the case with Lebanon, which is now a thriving manu¬ 
facturing town. The Mascomy River furnishes excellent water 
power, and there are in the place flouring mills, furniture ami 
scythe factories, iron and brass founderies, machine shops, and a 
manufactory of elastic sponge. 

The Rev. Isaiah Potter, the first pastor in this town, installed 
in 1772, seems to have been the original “ muscular Christian ” of 
this vicinity. He was a chaplain in the Revolutionary army, and 
it is related of him that once, seeing two men trying in vain to 
mount a small cannon on its carriage, he pushed them aside, 
quietly lifted the gun to its place, and then walked coolly away 
leaving the men astonished at the parson’s strength. 

WEST LEBANON, 

Orafton Co ., N. H., 142 m. fr. Boston. 

This village is on the left or east bank of the Connecticut, oppo¬ 
site White River Junction. It contains the Tilden Seminary foi 
Young Ladies, an institution widely known, and having an excel¬ 
lent reputation. The buildings may be seen on the hill. Th« 
railroad crosses the Connecticut to the west bank on a bridge, 
from which fine views may be obtained up and down stream. 

WHITE RIVER JUNCTION, 

Chittenden Co., Vt ., 143 m. fr. Boston. 

Hotel —Junction House. 

This station is important iD being at the junction of four prof 

46 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


porous railways. Connections are here made to various points at 
follows, viz., by the Northern N. H. R. R. to Concord and Boston • 
by the Central Vermont R. R. north to Montpelier, Burlington, 
and Montreal, and south, to Springfield, New Haven, and New 
York; by the Connecticut and Passumpsic River R. R. north, 
to Wells River, St. Johnsbury, Lake Memphremagog, Montreal, 
and Quebec; and by the Woodstock R. R. to Woodstock, Vt. All 
trains stop at this station long enough to enable the passengers to 
partake of refreshments in the restaurant which is connected with 
the station, or at the large hotel near by. 

For routes to Montreal, etc., see page 75. 


FROM BOSTON NORTH, VIA BOSTON AND 
MAINE RAILWAY. 

Having provided ourselves with a through or round ticket by our 
chosen route, we leave Boston from the depot of the Boston and 
Maine Railroad, Haymarket Square, head of Washington Street, 
and are borne swiftly along by Somerville, two miles from Boston ; 
Medford Junction, Edgeworth, Malden, five miles from Boston; 
Wyoming, Melrose, Stoneham, Wakefield Junction, nine and a 
half miles from Boston, where is the divergence by the Danvers 
and Newburyport Branch. All these towns are thrifty and neat; 
many of them the elegant homes of successful Boston merchants. 
At Wakefield Junction the tourist will notice, on the left of the 
cars, a beautiful lake, with fine yachts here and there. The 
ground here is high, commanding good views of the surrounding 
country. One-half mile from the Junction is 
WAKEFIELD, 

formerly South Reading, named from a public-spirited resident, 
Cyrus Wakefield. This is a place of enchanting scenery, with 
beautiful parks, lakes, drives, and private residences. The popu¬ 
lation is about 6,000. 

Two miles farther is Reading, twelve miles from Boston. Popu¬ 
lation 5,000, a rapidly improving suburban town; and eighteen 
miles from Boston is Wilmington Junction, where we cross the 
track of the Salem and Lowell Railroad. Passing on we reach 
Ballardvale, a small village 21 miles from Boston, and near 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 

ANDOVER, 

Essex Co., Mass., 23 m.fr. Boston. Pop. 5,000. 

Here are some ten churches. This place is celebrated for iti 
Bchools—Phillips’ Academy, Abbott Female Seminary, and the 
celebrated Theological Seminary for young men preparing for the 
ministry. It has fine public and private buildings, many of which 
afford good views from their commanding elevations. f 

LAWRENCE, ' 

Essex Co.,Mass., 25 m.fr. Boston. Pop. 33,000. Hotel —Franklin. 

This is the most beautiful of the manufacturing towns of New 
England, situated on both sides of the Merrimack River, the source 
of its fine water-power. Among its mills we notice the Pacific, 
Washington, Everett, Arlington, Atlantic, Pemberton, Duck, 
Essex, and Lawrence. The immense water-power equal to 10,000 
horse power, is obtained by a dam giving twenty-eight feet fall. A 
canal a mile long distributes the water to the mills. Five of these 
mills employ nearly 10,000 operatives. These vast manufactories, 
sspecially when illuminated in the evening, appear like an en¬ 
chanted city; and the reflection of the thousand lights in the 
Btream, multiplied a hundred fold and set in endless motion, 
seems more a dream than a reality. Lawrence is a railroad centre: 
being the terminus of the Boston and Lowell and Concord Rail¬ 
roads, the Manchester and Lawrence Railroad, and the Lawrence 
Branch of the Eastern Railroad to Salem. Passing North An¬ 
dover, a manufacturing town of 3,000 inhabitants, and Bradford, 
population 2,500, on opposite bank of the Merrimack, we reach 

HAVERHILL. 

Essex Co., Mass., 33 m. from Boston. Pop. 15,000. 

Hotel — Eagle , No. 25 Main Street. 

Haverhill, on the north bank of the Merrimack, is a live business 
city, not lacking in public spirit. Its churches, banks, schools, 
and its public library, erected at a cost of $75,000 —all tell the story 
of enterprise and thrift. The manufacture of boots and shoes ia 
the principal business of the town. A steamer runs with excursion 
parties down the river to Newburyport. The best hotel is the City, 
on Merrimack Street, kept by J. H. Robertson, in first-class style, 
at very moderate prices for board. It is centrally located, and ia 
a very popular hotel. Four miles from Haverhill we cross the 
New Hampshire state line, and passing Atkinson and Plaittow 

4 * 


NORTHERN RESULTS. 


—farming communities—to Newton Junction, forty-on® mile* 
from Boston. Here is a short Branch to Merrimack. Passing 
East Kingston, forty-six miles from Boston, we reach 

EXETER, 

Rockingham Co., N. H., 51 m.fr. Boston. Pop. 3,500. 

Hotel— “ Goi'ham Hall .' 11 

Trains stop here ten minutes for refreshments. The village 
lies a short distance northeast of the station, on a river of the same 
name. The surface of the land is rolling, the soil light, but adapted 
to fruit raising. Here is the famous Phillips’ Academy, founded 
in 1781, where many of our most eminent public men received their 
training. The Robinson Female Seminary is also here. This is a 
flourishing young institution, handsomely endowed by its founder. 
Considerable manufacturing is done here; the best known being 
that of carriages. Being an attractive place, and only about ten 
or twelve miles from Hampton and Salisbury beaches, with nu¬ 
merous stage connections, it is a favorite summer resort. Four 
and six horse “ barges ” run between Exeter and Hampton Beach 
in connection with the trains to and from Boston. The ride of 
about an hour is a thoroughly delightful one, over hill and dale, 
affording frequent views of the ocean. 

We pass rapidly by S. Newmarket, on the Swampscott River, 
Newmarket Junction, where we cross the track of the Concord 
and Portsmouth Railroad; Newmarket, fifty-seven miles from Bos¬ 
ton, population 2,500 ; Durham, sixty-two miles from Boston, to 

DOVER, 

Strafford Co., N. H., 68 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 10,000. 

Hotels— New Hampshire and American. 

Dover, settled in 1623, is situated on both sides of the Cocheco 
River, at the lower falls, the head of sloop navigation. The water 
has a fall of over thirty feet, rendering it one of the best water- 
privileges in New England. The first church was located four 
miles from the present town in 1623, and the remains of fortifi¬ 
cations then built are still to be seen. 

Manufacturing is here the chief business. Of its manufacto¬ 
ries, there are the Cocheco Cotton Co., capital $13,000; Cocheco 
Print Works, print 35,000,000 yards annually; Sawyer’s Woolen 
Manufacturing Co , sales. $1,000,000 annually; glue works, ftf 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


totn shoe factories, one last, one leather belting, five carriage, 
one drain-pipe, one machine shop, and ten brick-yards. Its m* 
teriai interests, however, do not interfere with, but help other 
Interests, as its churches, schools, public library, its adorned 
grounds and elegant residences testify. 

Passengers here for the White Mountains may diverge from the 
through route bythe Dover and Winnipiseogee Branch of the Boston 
and Maine R. R., twenty-eight miles to Alton Bay; and thence 
by steamer Mt. Washington to Wolfeborough and Centre Harbcr; 
or continue to Portland, connecting there with the Portland and 
Ogdensburgh R. R. for N. Conway and Crawford’s. 

For a short trip, none can be more charming than the former. 
Leaving Dover we soon reach 

ROCHESTER, 

Strafford Go ., N. H., 78 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 5,000. 

This is a station on the Worcester and Portland R. R., the 
Portsmouth, Great Falls and Concord R. R , the Conway Branch 
of the Eastern R. R, and the most important town on the line 
between Dover and Alton Bay. It is on Norway Plains, and is the 
seat of extensive woolen and other manufactories. The chief 
hotel is Dodge’s. 

Farmington, the birth-place of Henry Wilson, 86 miles from 
Boston—population, 3,000, is a place of little importance to the 
tourist. The same may be said of New Durham, 92 miles from 
Boston. The surface is uneven. Here are several ponds; the 
largest, some ten miles in circumference, is tributary to Alton 
Bay. Here, as at Alton, three miles farther on, are some inter¬ 
esting elevations, such as Saw’s Mountain, Mount Major, and 
Mount Prospect, from whose tops extensive and beautiful views 
of lake and mountain scenery may be obtained. 

ALTON BAY, 

Belknap Go ., N. H., 96 m. fr. Boston. 

Is the extreme Southern bay of Lake Winnipiseogee. It is the 
point of departure and return of the steamer “ Mount Washing¬ 
ton,” which mns in connection with the Boston and Maine R. R., to 
Wolfeborough and Centre Harbor. Here is the camp-ground, also, 
of the Adventists, and a favorite place for small parties, who pitch 
their tents near by, and fish, hunt and sketch. 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


The Winnipiseogee House is the only hotel at the Bay, and, 
fortunately for the tourist, is well kept. 

WOLFEBOROUGH, 

CarroU Co., N. H., 106 ms. fr. Boston. Pop. 2,000 
Hotel — Pavilion. 

This picturesque village is on the east shore of the Lake, and a 
favorite resort. Fine drives, an ever-changing variety of lake and 
mountain views, ample accommodations at the hotels, boating, 
fishing, constitute a programme capable of delightful variation. 

The Pavilion, the largest house, is charmingly located on an 
elevated point overlooking the lake. The hotel affords its guests 
the summer amusements of music, billiards, bowling, etc., and 
the lake affords fine bathing, boating, and fishing close by. The 
Pavilion is the largest first-class hotel in the Lake region. Other 
houses, public and private, open their doors for summer guests. 

The place is accessible by the Conway Branch of the Eastern 
Railroad, and by steamer Lady of the Lake, from Wiers, as well 
as by the Mount Washington from Alton Bay. 

CENTRE HARBOR, 

Belknap Co., N. II, 110 m. fr. Boston. 

The lake and the islands on the south, and the wilderness and 
mountain grandeur at the north, have made this a favorite resort 
for summer tourists. It is at the head of the Central North-end 
Bay. The Senter House, and the Moulton House, offer comfortable 
and good fare, and all the facilities for excursions by land or 
water. The route from here to North Conway is by stage to 
West Ossipee, about fifteen miles, where connections are made 
with trains on the Conway Branch of the Eastern Railroad. See 
description of Lake Winnipiseogee, page 29. 


Leaving the tourist to find his way among the mountains, we 
return to Dover, the point of our divergence from the principal 
route to the Maine Beaches and Portland. Resuming our descrip¬ 
tion, we pass to Rollinsford, seventy miles from Boston, whence 
a short branch R. R. diverges to 

GREAT FALLS, 

Rockingham Co., N. II., 73 miles from Boston. Pop. 6,000. 

It is on the Salmon River, which here forms the dividing On# 

60 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 

between Maine and New Hampshire. It is a manufacturing 

tOWH. t* i.1 A * 

Two milea from Rollinsford, on the direct line to Portland, ib 
Salmon Falls; Bix miles further is North Berwick, a larger village; 
and seven miles further, 85 miles from Boston, is 

WELLS, 

a favorite summer resort, with a population of 3,000. The 
beach is about two miles from the station. Stages are waiting 
to take passengers to the hotels, among which the Island Ledge, 
the Atlantic, and the Ocean Houses, are the largest. The fine 
beach here extends several miles. Mount Agamenticus, a few 
miles distant, is a point of interest and resort. A legend of this 
mountain says that when, in 1682, St. Aspinquid died on it, the 
Indians sacrificed to the Great Spirit nearly 7,000 wild animals. 

Passing Kennebunk, 90 miles from Boston, population 2,400, 
which is the point of departure by stage to Cape Arundel and its 
neighboring beaches, we come to 

BIDDEFORD, 

York Co., Me., 99 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 11,000. 

Biddeford is on the west side of Saco River, opposite the city 
of Saco, with which it is connected by a bridge. Both are manu¬ 
facturing towns. The Pepperell, Laconia, and Saco mills of the 
former, and the famous York mills of the latter, are extensive. 

Eight miles from here, at the mouth of the Saco River, is lo¬ 
cated Biddeford Pool, a popular summer resort, with two hotels- 
the Yates House, and Holman House. Around the Pool are many 
points of interest; ancient buildings, and the remains of exten- 
B ive wharves and vessels, which were destroyed during the war of 
1812, by an English man-of-war. History relates that, previous 
to the war, an English merchantman put into the harbor here, in a 
leaking condition, for repairs. The inhabitants refused to make 
them, or allow them to be done, and ordered him away. The 
captain protested that, being in a leaking condition, he could not 
make any other harbor. Upon finding his remonstrances of no 
avail, he remarked, ‘‘Gentlemen, it may be in my power some 
day to mai e this account even, and if it ever is, rest assured we 
will settle in full.” Shortly after the war of 1812 broke out, and 
among the first places to feel the effects cf it was The Pool. The 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


English captain returned in command of a man-of-war, and d© 
stroyed the wharves and a large number of vessels, thereby de¬ 
stroying the industry of the place, which, to this day, has never 
recovered. The ruins, with the blackened hulls of the vessels, 
are in the same condition now as when they were destroyed, ex¬ 
cepting what time has effaced. 


SACO, 

York Co ., Me., 100 m. fr. Boston. 

Has about 6,000 population, and, like Biddeford, is a place of great 
thrift. From Saco the steamer “Augusta” makes trips twice 
daily during the summer down the Saco River to the Pool and 
Wood Island—one of the most charming islands on the sea-coast 
of Maine. Groves yielding ample shade, and delicious spring- 
water to quench the thirst of the thousands who annually make 
this island their pic-nic grounds. The “Augusta” has recently 
been placed in thorough repair, and can be engaged in connection 
with the Boston and Maine Railroad for excursions, either to the 
Pool or Wood Island. 

OLD ORCHARD BEACH, 

York Co., Me ., 104 m. fr. Boston. 

This is the popular sea-side resort of New England. Fifteen 
miles of hard beach make it a pleasant drive. There are some 
fifteen hotels, the Ocean and Old Orchard House being the largest. 
The surf bathing here is unexcelled, and can be indulged in 
without danger. At this place is also the headquarters of the 
Methodist camp meetings ; extensive grounds and buildings hav¬ 
ing been purchased, comprising 45 acres of land, with twenty-five 
society tents, a number of wooden buildings intended for churches, 
boarding-houses, restaurants, and family cottages. There are 
about fifteen acres of woodland, which afford a beautiful shade 
for the auditorium, a natural amphitheatre, capable of seating 
about 20,000 people. A large reservoir is being constructed, from 
which water will be distributed over the whole grounds. The 
place abounds in walks, drives, parks, lakes, shady nooks and 
arbors, to entice those romantically inclined, or seeking rest and 
recreation. 


NORTHERN RESORTS . 


PORTLAND, 

Cumberland Co ., Me., 115 m.fr. Boston. Pop. 33,000. 

Hotels — Falmouth , Preble , United States and City. 

Portland is situated on a peninsula about three miles in length 
and three-quarters of a mile in width, which juts into Casco Bay. 
Congress street runs the entire length of the peninsula, and the 
ground sloping to the water on either side affords ample drainage, 
and furnishes one of the healthiest cities in the world, while its 
scenery has received the highest praises of writers and tourists. 
The great fire, which began on the afternoon of July 4th, 1866, 
proved to be one of the most extensive and destructive conflagra¬ 
tions on record. Raging with resistless fury until noon of the 
following day, devastating the fairest portions of the city, render¬ 
ing houseless and homeless ten thousand of its inhabitants, de¬ 
stroying property to the value of ten or twelve million dollars, 
and sweeping over an extent of more than a mile in length by (in 
the widest part) nearly a mile in width. Over fifteen hundred 
buildings were burned, and more than eight miles of closely built 
streets, lanes, and courts, covering an area of from two to three 
hundred acres. During the short time that has since elapsed, 
mighty changes have been wrought in the appearance of the 
burned district. What was thought to be the work of years, has 
been accomplished in as many months, and to-day Portland has 
greater and better facilities for trade, larger and more commodi 
ous stores and warehouses, more manufacturing enterprise, 
heavier stocks of goods, and in greater variety than ever before. 
The railroad delivers passengers at the southern edge of the city, 
some distance from the Falmouth, the United States, and Preble 
Houses, the principal hotels of the city. Many points of interest 
to the tourist present themselves in the manufactures and com¬ 
merce of this seaboard city. He will enjoy a few days here be¬ 
fore continuing his tour to the mountains via the Portland and 
Ogdensburgh, or the Grand Trunk Railway, or to the islands of 
Maine coast, or the Provinces. Connections are made at Portland, 
by the Maine Central Railroad to Bangor and all points east, and 
by steamers to points along the coast. (See pages 17 and 18). 

53 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


FROM BOSTON TO THE WHITE MOUNTAINS. 
MONTREAL, QUEBEC, PORTLAND AND 
THE NORTHEAST RESORTS. 

BY EASTERN DIVISION OF BOSTON AND MAINE R. R. 

This is the shortest route to North Conway and the White 
Mountain Notch at Crawford’s. Passengers will leave Boston 
from the depot * n Causeway, at the foot of Friend street, and 
pass out over the Charles River. Elegant cars of the Pullmam 
Co., are attached to every through train. On the left is the 
Boston and Lowell Railroad; on the right are the Fitchburg, and 
the Boston and Maine Railways. The heights of Charlestown, 
crowned by Bunker Hill Monument, rise on the right, and the 
manufactories of East Cambridge are seen on the left. The train 
crosses the tracks of the Boston and Maine R. R., just before 
reaching Somerville station, three miles from Boston, and one of 
its suburbs. Leaving this station, Mt. Benedict and the ruins of 
the Ursuline Convent, destroyed by a mob in 1834, are seen on 
the left. The train crosses the Mystic River, passes Everett 
station, whence the Saugus Branch diverges to Malden, Maple¬ 
wood, Linden, Cliftondale, Saugus, and Lynn Common, where 
it rejoins the main line. 

CHELSEA, 

Suffolk Co., Mass. 4 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 18,547. 

This city is a beautiful and quiet place of residence, connected 
with Boston by ferry, and with Charlestown by a bridge over Mys¬ 
tic River. The Naval Hospital and the U. S. Marine Hospital, 
the Soldiers’ Monument, “ Powder Horn Hill,” Star King’s fre¬ 
quent place of observation and inspiration, are points of interest. 

REVERE, 

Suffolk Co., Mass ., 6 m. fr. Boston. Pop . 2,500. 

This is a watering place of importnce, having a beautiful 
beach. At Oak Island, a branch road runs to Point op Pines, 
the Coney Island of the East, where are several large hotels. 

LYNN. 

Essex Co., Mass. 11 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 28,233. 

Hotel s— Sagamore. 

This is on a harbor formed by the peninsula of Nahant, which, 
as well as Swampscott, is near this city. Lynn is famous for its 
manufacture of shoes; 10,000,000 pairs a year, valued at 


i 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


$18,000,000, have been made here in a single year. The chiei 
point of attraction to the traveller is an eminence called High Rock, 
near the City Hall, commanding extensive views of the city an<? 
contiguous land and water. Moll Pitcher, a reputed sorceress, and, 
in later years, the Hutchinson family of singers, resided in Lynn 
Swampscott, just beyond Lynn, is, like Nahant, a fashionable 
watering-place, much visited by the aristocracy of Boston. Ele¬ 
gant summer residences, fine equipages, and people of taste and 
refinement, are to be seen here in abundance in summer. 

SALEM, 

Essex Co ., Mass. 1 6m.fr. Boston. Pop. 25,000. 

Hotel —Essex House . 

Salem is a commercial and literary city on Massachusetts Bay. 
It is one of the two towns first settled in the State, and is the 
scene of that remarkable delusion of witchc^xft in 1092, for 
which some nineteen people suffered death nt the hands of 
superstitious zeal. It has a good harbor, profited by the guns 
of Fort Pickering. The State Normal School fox girls, East India 
Marine Hall, with its extensive scientific collection, Plummer Hall, 
with its libraries, the old Witch House, still standing, are among 
the points of interest to the stranger. George Peabody, born 
near, was buried in the cemetery just west of Salem Rogers, 
the sculptor, Prescott, the historian, Hawthorne, and many other 
distinguished literary and public characters, were bom here. 
Abundant railway connections exist at Salem. Four branches 
run out of the city, viz., to Wakefield, by the Boston and Maine 
Railroad ; to Lowell, by branch of the Boston and Lowell Rail¬ 
road; to Lawrence, through Danvers, &c., by a branch of the 
Eastern Railroad. A railroad 4 miles long runs to Marblehead. 

We pass by Ipswich, Essex Co., Mass., 27 miles from Boston, 
population 4,000, to 

NEWBURYFORT, 

Essex Co ., Mass. 37 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 12,595. 

Hotels —Merrimack House. 

The location of this city by the sea is on rising ground over¬ 
looking the Merrimack River, three miles from its mouth, and f 
wide stretch of the sea. Opposite is the town of Salisbury, the 
northeast limit of Massachusetts. Three bridges cross the river 



NATIONAL MONUMENT TO 


THE FOREFATHERS. 














































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


between these towns. Newburyport is rich in historic associa 
cions, less distinguished relatively now, than formerly, as a mari 
time city; but interesting as a manufacturing town and for its fine 
streets, beautiful private grounds and residences. Not far from 
here are Pigeon Cove, Plum Island, and Salisbury Beach—places 
of resort. The railroad connections at Newburyport are with the 
main line and Salisbury Branch of the Eastern R. R., and with the 
Newburyport and Danvers Branch of the Boston and Maine R. R. 

Crossing the Merrimack River on a bridge 1,500 feet long, and 
passing E. Salisbury and Seabrook, small stations in a marshy 
territory, Hampton Falls, near Hampton Beach and the ocean, 
we come to Hampton, an ancient, quiet, Puritanic village, from 
which stages run three miles to the Beach, where there are 
large and numerous hotels and cottages for summer guests. A 
little farther on we come to North Hampton, from which stages 
in summer run to Rye Beach—the most fashionable of the N. H. 
beaches. The bathing here is safe and pleasant. The country 
north is rolling, and under high cultivation. Soon we reach 
PORTSMOUTH, 

Rockingham Co., N. H. 57 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 9,211. 

Hotels — Rockingham , Kearsarge. 

This is the commercial metropolis, the oldest, and the only sea 
port town of New Hampshire. It is on the right bank of the 
Piscataqua River, on a peninsula about three miles from the 
ocean. It is a city of “ quaint houses and interesting traditions.” 
Some manufacturing is done here, chiefly of shoes, carriages, and 
cotton goods. The quietness, the health-giving sea-air, the beau¬ 
tiful drives into the country and to the beaches, make Portsmouth 
a desirable place for tourists and pleasure-seekers in summer. 
Many names distinguished in American literature, in the pulpit, 
at the bar, in the army and the navy, are written in the records of 
her achievements for her country and the world. Opposite 
Portsmouth, on an island, is the U. S. Navy Yard. The Isles of 
Shoals are 10 miles from Portsmouth. A steamer leaves for the 
Isles in the morning. Besides its railroad connections with the 
main lines of the Eastern and Maine Central Railroads, the city it 
connected with Manchester and Concord by the Portsmouth R. R. 

Crossing the Piscataqua, and passing Kittery, a small station, 


APPLEDORE HOUSE, Isles of Shoals, New Hampshire. 





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APPLEDORE AND OCEANIC HOTELfc 

ISLES O F 8 XX O A. L S, 

OPEN JUNE 15. 

LAIGHTON BROS. & COMPANY, Proprietors. 

Not often Is it the fortune of the summer tourist to drift intr 
pleasanter waters than those that break among the Isles of Shoals 
Situated a distance of ten miles off the New Hampshire coast, 
they are blessed with an even temperature, a remarkably pure 
and invigorating atmosphere, perfect quiet and entire freedom 
from dust. The most eminent physicians recommend a sojourn 
at the Shoals as possessing all the sanitary influences of a sea 
voyage. Though so far removed from the mainland they are very 
accessible steamers, bringing the mails twice each day, and carry¬ 
ing pleasure-seekers to and fro. The hotel has accommodations 
for five hundred people, and is first-class in all its appointments. 
It has a spacious dance hall, and complete stage for theatrical 
performances, concerts, etc. For the children’s summer holidays, 
this place is a little paradise of freedom and pleasure. A shallow 
lakelet in front of the house is furnished with little boats and 
bathing-houses for their safe entertainment, and the water is 
tempered by being shut off daily from the chill and undertow 
of the outer sea, making a safe basin in which to learn swimming, 
floating and diving. 

Star Island and the Oceanic Hotel have been recently 
purchased by the undersigned. No pains have been spared to 
make this a most agreeable and attractive place of summer resort. 
Nature has done much for it; the shores toward the east and south 
are bolder and grander than those of any other of the group; 
it seems to set farther out in the sea than the others, and the 
immensity of the ocean strikes the beholder more forcibly from 
its wild cliffs and shattered ledges. The views from the hotel are 
grand and beautiful. White Island Lighthouse, near at hand, 
adds picturesqueness and variety to the scene. The hotel 
is new and elegantly furnished, and its guests will find every 
effort made to insure their comfort and enjoyment. Both 
hotels are provided with billiard-rooms and bowling-alleys, etc. 
A fine orchestra is engaged for the season. Fishing, rowing and 
sailing are the principal amusements. At no point along the 
coast are fish more abundant or in greater variety. Excellent 
fleets of boats, manned by careful skippers are always at com¬ 
mand. A steam yacht will ply between Appledore and Star 
Islands every few minutes daily during the season. Communica¬ 
tion is maintained with Portsmouth, N. H., daily, on and after the 
15th of June, by the fast-sailing, commodious and well-appointed 
steamer “Appledore.” Two trips are made each way daily, 
Sundays excepted. Boat leaves Portsmouth at 11 A.M. and fi 
P.M.; returning, leaves the islands at 7 A.M. and 3:15 P.M., 
connecting with trains on the Eastern R. R. Baggage is checked 
through from Boston and returned free. 

Laighton Bros . & Company . 


OCEANIC HOUSE.—Isle of Shoals 



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NORTHERN RESORTS. 


57 miles from Boston, and Elliott, a farming community, 63 miles 
from Boston, we come to 

CONWAY JUNCTION, 

67 m. fr. Boston. 

Cars for the White Mountains are here switched on to the 
branch track, and pass without delay to their destination. 


FROM CONWAY JUNCTION TO PORTLAND. 

The direct route to Portland is by the Eastern Railroad. We 
find the station next north, on the main line, is South Berwick 
Junction, 70 miles from Boston, a small station where the Boston 
and Maine Railroad crosses the present route. Passing North Ber¬ 
wick, Wells, Kennebunk, Biddeford, Saco (described on pages 51 
and 52), we reach West Scarborough, 99 miles from Boston, impor 
tant from its being the station for ScarboroughBeach, three miles 
distant, where there are two or three miles of good beach— hard, 
level, and a safe bathing place—Hotels Atlantic and Kirkwood, 
and several inexpensive boarding-houses. At the south end of the 
Beach is Prout’s Neck, and at the north end are Richmond’s Is¬ 
lands, and Cape Elizabeth—all with good hotel accommodations. 
A few minutes ride brings us into Portland. For description of 
Portland, see page 53. 

The Maine Central Railroad connects here directly for 
Augusta and Bangor, and all points east; with the Portland and 
Ogdensburgh Railroad for North Conway, the White Mountains, 
and points west; with the Grand Trunk Railroad for Gorham, 
Montreal and Quebec ; with the Boston and Maine for Lawrence 
and Boston; with the Portland and Rochester Railroad for 
Rochester, Lowell, Worcester, and all points south and west; 
with the Knox and Lincoln Railroad for Rockland, Me. ; and with 
the steamers to all points. 


Our course to the White Mountains is by South Berwick, 
Salmon Falls to Great Falls, a place of about 2,500 inhabitants, 
extensive cotton and other factories (described also on page 50). 
Thence our course lies north by Rochester (see page 49), by 
several unimportant stations, as Hayes Crossing, Milton, Union 




NORTHERN RESORTS. 


—all enjoying, however, fine scenery and views—to Wolfeborough 
Junction, 97 miles from Boston, whence a branch operated by the 
Eastern Railroad delivers passengers for Lake Winnipiseogee to 
Wolfeborough, 109 miles from Boston, on the east shore of the 
lake. This interesting village of 2,000 inhabitants is a place of 
trade for the surrounding country, and in summer, a resort for 
thousands from the cities and seaboard towns. For description 
of Wolfeborough, see page 50. For description of Lake Win¬ 
nipiseogee, see page 29. 

Our course to the mountains from here lies by Wakefield, 99 
miles from Boston, East Wakefield, 103 miles from Boston ; both 
these are small stations in a farming region. Near here is Lake 
Newichawannock, three miles long by one mile wide. We pass 
Ossipee, 111 miles from Boston; Centre Ossipee, 115 miles from 
Boston; and West Ossipee, 119 miles from Boston. This is the 
shire town of Carroll County, N. H., with a town population 
of about 2,000. Here is the Bearcamp River House, frequented 
in former days by Daniel Webster when on his fishing excursions 
in this region. There are some fine trout streams here yet, and 
Ossipee Lake, seen on the right and distant from the station, with 
Green Mountain on its farther shore, is a centre of attraction for 
tourists and anglers. Mount Chocorua, eight miles d stant, the 
Ossipee Mountain, and Sandwich Notch, may be reached easily 
from here. Four miles farther we come to Madis >n, a small 
station on the shore of a be t tiful lake, known as Silver Lake. 
The scenery grows more wild and picturesque as we proceed to 

CONWAY, 

132 m, fr. Boston Town. Pop. 2,200. II tel , Grove House. 

A quiet and charming village, with green lawns and roomy 
houses; and still a favorite summer resting-place for many who 
do not care so much for excitement as for solid comfort; nd quiet 
enjoyment. Several good hotels and boarding houses receive 
guests. The drives from this village are among the most beauti¬ 
ful in Ne v Hampshire. From the observatory of G o e House, 
may be seen the mountains in all their grandeur. 

NORTH CONWAY, 

r North Conway Co ., N. H. 132 m. fr. Boston. 

North Conway, five miles further, north, is in the valley of the 
Saco River, environed by mountains, and is a favorite resort of 

58 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


American artists. Here are several excellent hotels: the Kearsarg© 
Washington, North Conway, Sunset Pavilion, Intervale, MacMillan, 
Mason’s, Randall’s, the Bellevue, and a number of private board¬ 
ing-houses. The view up the valley of the Saco, with Mt. Wash¬ 
ington in the distance, is one of surpassing beauty, while in the 
vicinity of its wooded, winding banks are many delightful walks 
and drives. The wide meadows known as the Conway Intervales, 
and the sparkling Saco, make an added feature to the mountain 
view; and it is no wonder that North Conway has been the theme 
of poet and painter in many a splendid effort. The Ledges, Di ■ 
ana’s Bath, the deep chasm known as the Cathedral, the White 
Horse, and many other objects of interest, are in the immediate 
neighborhood, and well worth a visit. 

The route from here into the mountains is by the Portland and 
Ogdensburgh Railroad, through the Notch past Crawford’s to 
Fabyan’s, where it joins the B. C. and M. Wh. Mt. R. R. CSee 
page 39.) 

Six miles from N. Conway, at Glen Station, stages take passen¬ 
gers to Jackson, 2 miles, the Glen House, 14 miles, and thence up 
Mt. Washington. The stage route is wild and beautiful, a pano¬ 
rama of striking and charming pictures. Goodrich Falls, on the 
Ellis River, the highest perpendicular falls in the mountains, will 
first attract attention. It is visible as you cross the bridge. One 
mile beyond is Jackson, noted for its mineral wealth, iron, tin, 
copper, etc., found in the adjacent and overshadowinganountains. 
Nature here enjoys almost her primitive freshness. The scream 
of the locomotive, and the rattle and smoke of the railroad, have 
not invaded her sanctuary. Country recreations and rest are still 
possible. The place, therefore, has its quota of summer boarders. 
Several good and capacious hotels and private boarding-houses 
offer board at moderate rates. 

To complete the route up the Notch. The railway, opened 
through in 1875, is one of the triumphs of engineering; the grade 
for seven miles being 116 feet to the mile. The lover of wild and 
picturesque scenery gets an indescribable pleasure out of the trip 
From the beauty of the valley of the Saco, with its soft and rav¬ 
ishing sunsets, he passes into these rugged mountain fastnesses 
by Bartlett’s; Bemis’, above the Willey House, with its tragie 

50 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


story; Mt. Webster to the north; Mt. Willard to the south, 
over chasms noisy with tumultuous waters; under overhanging 
rocks; through the Gates of the Notch, by the little pond im¬ 
mediately in front of the Crawford House—the source of the 
Saco River—2,000 feet above the sea, to Crawford’s, 155 miles from 
Boston. Here is a neat station, and a walk of three minutes 
brings us to the Crawford House, described on page 62. 


MAP OF THE WHITE MOUNTAINS AND VICINITY. 





RAILROADS_ 


^ STAGE LINES- 















Tiie White Mountains 


In a general way, the name White Mountains includes all that 
;raet of lake and mountain country occupied by Coos, Grafton, 
Carrol, and Belknap Counties, in the northern part of New Hamp¬ 
shire. embracing an area of about 40 square miles. It is naturally 
divided into three districts; the lake country about Lake Winni- 
piseogee, Carrol and Belknap Counties, the Franconia Mountains 
at the west, in Grafton County, and the smaller and more lofty 
group of peaks at the north end centered about Mount Washing 
ton, in Coos County. This last district also extends in a south¬ 
westerly direction into Grafton County, and makes the true 
White Mountains, or White Hills, as they are more justly called. 
They include the peaks of Mount Webster, 4,000 feet above the 
sea; Jackson, 4,100; Clinton, 4,200; Pleasant, 4,800; Franklin, 
4,900; Monroe, 5,300; Madison, 5,361; Clay, 5,400; Jefferson, 
5,710; Adams, 5,800; and Washington, 6,285, the highest peak, 
with one exception, east of the Mississippi. The Indian name of 
the group is Agiocochook, and each formerly had its Indian name. 

Compared with the Alps, these mountains are indeed hills. 
Mount Washington scarce climbs a third way to the snow-clad 
height of Mount Blanc; and the Notch may be trifling beside the 
mighty rifts beneath the Jungfrau, and the cascades of Glen Ellis 
and the Flume may seem insignificant beside the dizzy leap of the 
Staubach ; but these are over the sea. Our Switzerland is at ou; 
:ery doors. It h is all the grandeur of true mountains, combined 
mth a hill and lake country as oeautiful as anything in Europe. 
To this it adds a virgin freshness, a wild picturesqueness that 
Switzerland can never ehqw- 




Crawford House. White Mountains, 



















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































RORTSERN RESORTS. 


CRAWFORD HOUSE. 

■this flue hotel Ls four miles east of the Fabyan House, and is 
the very heart of the White Hills, at the threshold of the famous 
White Mountain Notch. A few moments’ walk from its doors 
leads to this strange gateway in the hills, and a two miles’ tramp 
will take one to the top of Mount Willard, where fine views are 
obtained of the Notch, the scene of the Willey House disaster, 
and the valley of the Saco. Near the hotel is the line that marks 
the water-shed between the Connecticut and the Saco, the water 
flows one way to the east, to Maine, and the other way to Ver¬ 
mont and Massachusetts and Long Island Sound. 

This house accommodates some 300 guests, and is a favorite 
resort of visitors to this part of the Mountains. Standing so high, 
and just at the contiguous sources of the Animonoosuc and the 
Saco Rivers, it enjoys pure air and water, and views of unex¬ 
celled beauty and sublimity. The internal arrangements are 
under skilled and gentlemanly management, and the cuisine 
justly praised. The catalogue of attractions includes the Notch, 
the Pictured Rocks, Gibbs’ and Beecher’s Falls, all near the hotel; 
Silver Cascade, the Flume Cascade, the Willey House, and Mount 
Willard. The Summit, attained easily by a carriage road about 
two miles long, affords most magnificent and thrilling views in 
the afternoon. The Willey Valley appears enclasped in the huge 
arms of two titanic mountains, Webster and Willey, while Choco- 
rua, twenty miles away, and the peaks of the Mount Washington 
groups, appear in clear outline. The Bridle Path, along the 
crest of the mountains, eight miles to the top of Mount Washing¬ 
ton, has in response to popular demand been revived. There is 
just enough romance and adventure in the trip to be fascinating 
Trusty guides and horses are furnished at the Crawford House. 

The railroad runs from the Crawford House to Mount Washing¬ 
ton Railway at foot of Mount Washington on west side, by way of 
Fabyan House, four miles from Crawford’s, where connection is 
made with the B. C. and M. Railroad, for Wells River and the 
south or west. For points eaM, the traveler will return to 
North Conway by the P. & 0. R. R., where connections are mad* 
with Eastern Railroad, for N. H Beaches and Boston. 



MOUNTAIN HOUSE White Mountains N, H. 
































































































































































































































































































































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


THE NOTCH AND THE WILLEY HOUSE. 

The gate-way of the Notch, “ the infant Saco,” struggling with 
the road in escaping through this gap in the mountain, the Flume 
Cascade, and Bilver Cascade, and the Willey House, are all within 
easy walking distance, and well worth the visit. The Notch is 
some three miles in length, through which flows theBaco River, 
gradually widening as it proceeds, and receiving other streams 
from the mountain sides. Wild and abrupt cliffs and rocky ram¬ 
parts extend the whole distance, towering in some places to the 
height of 2,000 feet. The Willey House is simply curious as the 
scene of a great land-slide that years ago swept the family who 
lived here to destruction. The house was saved, but the people, 
endeavoring to escape, were lost. Returning to the hotel, 
Beecher’s Cascade, Gibbs’ Falls, and the Mount Willey Cascades, 
may easily be visited. Guides maybe obtained at the hotel. 

By stages travelers formerly went down the Notch, past the 
Willey House and the old Abe Crawford place, and on down the 
Saco Valley to Ellis River, where a turn is taken to the east and 
north, past Jackson to the Glen House, on the east side of the 
mountains. Now travelers go by rail to Glen station, thence by 
stage to Glen House. Glen Ellis falls and other objects of inter¬ 
est are to be seen on this route. The favorite route to the Glen 
is by the railway over Mount Washington, and down on the 
eastern side by the famous carriage road. 

MOUNT WASHINGTON RAILWAY. 

The idea of building a railway up Mount Washington is several 
years old, but no fixed plans were formed until I860, when an ex¬ 
perimental section of 100 feet was laid. The results of this ex¬ 
periment were so satisfactory that a joint stock company was 
formed, and the work seriously begun. Most of the stock is 
owned by the Boston, Concord and Montreal, the Connecticut 
and Passumpsic Rivers Railways, and Cheney & Co. ’s Express. 

This railway, built under peculiar difficulties in 18G9, at a 
cost of more than $100,000, climbs 3,625 feet in going three 
miles, and is one of the most remarkable roads in the world. It 
is a curious piece of engineering, and perfectly safe. The grade 

63 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


b La some places thirteen and a half inches to the yard, or mort 
than one foot in three. The track is laid on a strong trestle-work 
of heavy timber, braced and bolted in the most substantial man¬ 
ner, and resting on the rocky foundations of the mountain itself 
This trestle work varies from a foot to twenty feet in height, ao 
cording to the form of the mountain-side. Wrought-irou r<*ii>i tre 
bolted to heavy timbers, at about the same distance apart as thos« 
of ordinary railways. Midway between these, strongly clamped 
and bolted to the sleepers or cross-ties, is a third rail of peculiai 
construction. Imagine a narrow ladder of wrought-iron, with it* 
rounds about four inches apart, placed between the rails of an 
ordinary railway, and you have a good idea of this middle rail. 
The manner in which motion is imparted to the train is as fol¬ 
lows. Under the engine and over the middle rail is a driving- 
wheel, with cogs, so arranged as to fit between what we have 
termed the rounds of this ladder. This wheel being set in motion, 
of course passes along the ladder, inserting its cogs between the 
successive rounds, and thus climbing, bo to speak, along the track. 
The seats of the car are hung so that they adjust themselves to the 
varying steepness of the grade. Self-acting brakes are attached 
both to the engine and car, so that an accident to one will not 
affect the other. We have no hesitation in saying that, consider¬ 
ing the rate of speed at which the trains are run, a traveller is as 
safe in making this ascent, as he is when traveling on an ordinary 
express train. The trip up occupies ninety minutes. Three 
trips are made up and back daily. 

MOUNT WASHINGTON. 

The bridle-path from Crawford’s, eight miles long, leading over 
f the tops of several peaks, though in a measure neglected since the 
railway was opened, is often followed both in going and returning, 
on foot or on horseback. The demand for saddle horses and 
guides by this path is reviving, and the Crawford House is answer¬ 
ing the demand. There is romance and adventure enough in it, 
to make it attractive. Along either route magnificent views of 
the mountains may be obtained, and at last the journey ends at 
Mount Washington House, and the tip-top point of our travels. 

This is the crown of New England. From this rough pile of 
Dare rocks three States may be seen at once. If the day is cleai 


NORTHERN RESORTS 


fch<j prospect is one of the finest in the world. If (bonds roll past 
and cover the world below from sight, a no more hopeless sort of 
place can be found. The peak then becomes a contracted island, 
with gray mist for a sea. However, mountain weather is. fitful, 
and it may clear away in a few moments, and change its whole 
character almost before one is prepared for the wonderful trans¬ 
formation that takes place. The view from this lofty elevation 
La unequaled by any on the eastern side of the North American 
Continent, of which a description can give but a faint conception. 
1 ‘ Around you in every direction are confused masses of moun¬ 
tains, bearing the appearance of a sea of molten lava suddenly 
cooled while its ponderous waves were yet in commotion. In the 
southeast a faint glimmering of the Atlantic is seen, sixty-five 
miles distant, ‘laving the shores of Maine.* Numerous lakes, 
from the Winnipiseogee to small mountain ponds, are scattered 
here and there. In the north-east is Mount Katahdin, the loftiest 
peak in Maine; in the western horizon are the Green Mountains 
of Vermont, and to the south and south-west are Mount Monad- 
nock and Kearsarge, while the intermediate spaces are filled with 
every variety of landscape—mountains, hills, rivers, plains, and 
forests—blending to form a scene awe-inspiring and sublime.” 
At morning and night there is a tolerable certainty of seeing dis¬ 
plays of earthly and heavenly prospects, vast views of mountains, 
or vaster heaps of clouds, and the traveler should stay all night 
for the chance of seeing the sunset and sunrise. It is quite use¬ 
less to describe either sunrise, sunset, cloud scenery, or a vast 
view from the mountain-top. Words fail, and even a photograph 
deems pale and unsatisfactory. A number of writers, from Starr 
King downwards, have tried to describe the views from Mount 
Washington. Mr. King’s is the best failure; the rest present 
various degrees of failure. Visit and see for yourself. That is 
the only satisfactory way to get an idea of it. As the sensible 
traveler said to the poor student who wanted to see Europe: 
‘ ‘ Live on crusts, save money, run in debt even; but go and see 
for yourself ; and when you return it will be easy to pay the bill, 
from the inspiration of the visit.” It may not be worth while to 
ran in debt to visit the White Mountains, but no American young 
man or woman can afford not to go, at least once, and it were 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


tatter to stint one’s self of city luxuries that the money maj 
be spent in seeing the greater glories of this wonderful and awe 
inspiring spot. From the top of Mt. Washington, on a clear day, 
may be seen many points. Some of the distances and direction* 
are as follows: 


Adams, 

4 miles distant, 

North by East. 

Jefferson, 

3 

u 

tt 

North by West. 

Madison, 

5 

it 

tt 

North ly North-east 

Clay, 

1 

it 

ti 

North-west. 

Monroe, 

1 

tl 

it 

South-west 

Franklin, 

2 

it 

ti 

South-west. 

Pleasant, 

3 

u 

ti 

South-west 

Clinton, 

4 

ti 

t« 

South-west. 

Willey, 

9 

it 

ti 

South-west. 

Mount Jackson, 

6 

it 

it 

South-west. 

Webster, 

7 

a 

tt 

West by North-west 

Crawford, 

9 

it 

tt 

South-west 

Moriah, 

7 

it 

tt 

North-east. 

Lafayette, 

19 

ii 

ti 

West by South-west 

Twin Mountains, 14 

tt 

it 

West by South-west. 

Carigain, 

14 

it 

it 

South by South-west 

Moose Hillock, 

31 

tt 

tt 

South-west. 

Cannon, 

30 

it 

ti 

West by South-west. 

Whiteface, 

24 

ii 

it 

South by West. 

Kearsarge, 

15 

ii 

ti 

South by East. 

Ample time will be afforded 

while he e to inspect the United 


States Signal Service Station, and to see the Lizzie Bowne 
monument, and to walk about over the wild rough stone heapi 
that make the cone and crown of the Eastern States. The jour 
ney down again is best taken by stage over the splendid carriage 
road that leads down the eastern slopes to the Glen House. The 
views from this road, as one rides through the clouds, are magni¬ 
ficent, and the trip ends in one of the deepest and most beautiful 
valleys in this whole region. 


66 


ELEVATIONS ABOVE THE LEVEL OF THE SEA 

FRANCONIA MOUNTAINS. 

FEET, 

Franconia Notch . 2,014 

Flume House. 1,431 

Profile House. 1,974 

Plymouth. 478 

Bethlehem Village. 1,45* 

MOUNTAINS. 

Chocorua. 3,358 

Lancaster. 860 

Littleton. 81? 

Conway Intervales. 471 

Concord, N. H., Depot. 236 

Lake Winnipiseogee. 496 

Red Hill. 2.502 

Copple Crown Mount. 2,100 

Alpine House, Gorham. 800 

Ciawford House. 1,920 

Fabyan House. 1,551 

Glen House. 1,632 

Willey House, Wh. Mt. Notch... 1,335 

Mt. Resolution. 3,400 

Giant’s Stairs. 3,500 

Foot of Mt. Washington R. R_ 2,615 

Pinkham Notch. 2,018 


FEET 

Mt. Lafayette.6,585 

Mt Cannon, or Profile Mt..3,500 

Moose Hillock.4,636 

Cherry Mountain.3,670 

Mt Prospect.2,963 

THE WHITE 

Mt. Washington.6,286 

Mt. Jefferson.5,710 

Mt Adams.6,800 

Mt Monroe.5,300 

Mt Madison.5,361 

Mt. Clay.6,400 

Mt. Franklin.4,900 

Mt. Pleasant.4,800 

Mt. Clinton.4,200 

Mt Jackson.4,100 

Mt. Webster.4,000 

Mt Willard.2,575 

Mt Willey. 4,300 

Mt. Carter.5,000 

Mt. Mbriah .4,700 

Jit. Hayes.2,500 

Pequaket, or Kearsarge .3,367 


MOUNTAINS AND LAKES IN VERMONT. 


Mt Mansfield.4.3S4 

Camel’s Hump . 403 

Jay Peak. . 4,018 

MOUNTAINS AND 
Owl’s Head.2.749 


Mt Willoughby. 8,600 

Ascutney (near Windsor). 3,32C 

Lake Champlain. 90 

LAKES IN CANADA. 

Lake Mem phremagog. 634 


Mt. Orford. 3,300 | Lake Willoughby. 1,162 

DISTANCES IN THE WHITE MOUNTAIN REGION. 

From Fabyana to miles . 

Ammonoosuc Falls. 3 

Mt. Washington Base. 6 

“ Summit. 9 

Gates of White Mountain Notch... 4 

Willey House. 7 

Twin Mountain. 4 

Profile. 22 

Littleton. 19 

Lancaster. 20 

Waumbeck House, via Cherry Mt. 12 

Glen House, via Mt. Washington .. 17 

Glen House, via Notch and Glen Stn. 40 

St. Johnsbury. 45 

From Crawfotd House to 

Twin Mountain House. 9 

Base of Mt Washington. 10 

Summit of Mt. Washington. 13 

Jefferson Hill. 16 

fl en House. 30 

Alpine House (Gorham). 33 

North Conway. 25 

Bothlehem Street. 17 

Franconia Notch. 26 

From Plymouth , N. H. t to 

Mt. Prospect. 4 

Loon Pond. 4 

Flume House. 24 

Profile House. 80 


MILKS. 

Squam Lake. 8 

Lake Winnipiseogee. 15 

Centre Harbor. 12 

From Jefferson, N. H., to 

Summit Starr King Mt. 2)4 

Summit Cherry Mt.. 6)4 

Twin Mountain House. 11 

White Mountain House. 11 

Whitefield. 13 

Mt Adams House. 6 

Summer House, Dalton. 15 

Mt. Washington R. R. Depot. 1’ 

Willey House. If 

Glen House . 9 

Alpine House. I? 

Profile House. 38 

Bethlehem. 18 

From Lancaster , N. H., to 

Jefferson Hill.;. 

Bray Hill. 

Round the Gore. 

Mt Prospect... 

Dixville Notch. 

Percy Peaks. . 

Guildhall Falls. 

Lost Nation. 

Lunenburg Heights. 

Fifteen Mile Falls. 


8 

9 

6 

3 

«6 

1C 

< 

7 

7 

« 







































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 

THE GLEN AND THE GLEN HOUSE. 

This resort has a world-wide reputation. The house, one ol 
*he largest in the mountains, stands between Mt. Carter, 3,OOC 
feet high on the east, and Mts. Washington, Clay, Jefferson, 
Adams, and Madison, almost twice as high, on the west; 1,633 
feet above the sea; and entirely out of the regions of hay fever 
and catarrh. Numerous points of interest hereabouts claim the 
visitor’s attention. Indeed it is a good place to stay all summer. 
The Garnet Pools, rocks carved into curious forms by the water 
of Peabody River, are about a mile north. Thompson’s Falls, 2 
miles south-west, are on a brook tributary to Peabody River, and 
near by the Emerald Pool. Crystal Cascade, near Tuckerman’n 
Ravine, is about one mile beyond Thompson’s Falls. The Cascado, 
from a point high up Mount Washington, descends by a long and 
beautiful succession of leaps and turns, a shower of feathery, 
foamy white water, pure and cold. A long and somewhat diffi¬ 
cult ascent along the brook bank leads into Tuckerman’s Ravine, 
a long, deep gash in the southern slope of the mountain. Here 
the snows of winter drift so deep as to remain through the sum¬ 
mer. In melting, the gradual wearing of the streams gives the 
mass many strange and fantastic forms—of spanning arch and 
cave and rude resemblance to well-known objects of nature or art. 
Glen Ellis Falls, the finest in the mountains, are about 4 mile? 
from the Glen House. The Ellis River here leaps down a rocky 
channel worn by itself 60 feet, in one thick, white mass. Seen 
from the top or from the bottom, which may be reached by rude 
natural steps in the cliff, it presents a picture of grace and beauty 
which is in strong contrast, yet in perfect keeping with the sur¬ 
rounding wilderness. Lines of stages from the Glen House con¬ 
nect with the top of Mt. Washington, and through Pinkham Notch 
by Jackson to Glen Station on the P. and 0. R. R., 14 miles—a 
most romantic ride—and to Gorham, 8 miles, on the Grand Trunk 
Railroad. Gorham is a beautiful village, a frequented resort, at 
the confluence of the Peabody and Androscoggin Rivers, north of 
the White Mountains, and 800 feet above the sea. For river 
scenery, combined with impressive mountain views, this vicinity 
surpasses all others from which the highest peaks are visible 
The Alpine House is under thf same management as the Glen. 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


THE FRANCONIA MOUNTAINS. 

These mountains, though not so high as the White Mountain* 
by a few hundred feet, are real mountains—grand in proportions, 
noble in outline, and as awe-inspiring as their taller companions. 
They present mauy features of interest peculiar to themselves. 
The highest peak, Mount Lafayette, is 5,585 feet high, only 700 
feet inferior to Mount Washington, and in and around Franconia 
Notch may be found scenes of marvelous beauty and grandeur. 
Here is Cannon Mountain, Bald Mountain, Mount Liberty, Mount 
Pleasant and others, Echo Lake, gem of mountain tarns, Eagle 
Cliff, the solemn Old Man of the Mountain, with stony calm 
gftzing down upon the petty creatures that gaze up at his strange 
face ; Profile Lake, the Flume, the Pool, and the Basin—each a 
wonder in its way. The whole Franconia region is full of beauty 
and of marvels, and no visit to the mountains is deemed com¬ 
plete which does not make the Profile House the center of its 
neighboring circle of attractions. The White Mountains will not 
be forgotten in these, and they will fitly cap the climax of the hills. 

Franconia Notch is a pass with close and precipitous walls 
Df about five miles in extent, between Mount Lafayette and 
Mount Cannon. The valley is about half a mi!e in width, filled 
with the curious, the wild and the beautiful in mountain scenery. 
The bare walls of Cannon Mountain, on the right, as you ride 
through from the Profile House, are grand in th( ir impressive 
barrenness and lofty height. The Old Man of the Mountain is 
the crowning feature of the pass, the grim old King of the 
Hills,” ever looking out in unchanging majesty on his wild realm. 
This wonderful copy of the human features, colossal in propor¬ 
tions, yet faithful and clear in its lines, is the great natural at> 
traction sought by strangers. The length of the face has been 
ascertained t > be not less than eighty feet. It looks from the 
southern face of Cannon or Profile Mountain. 

Echo Lake, the Basin, the Pool, the Flume with its suspended 
boulder and cascades, the ascent of Mount Lafayette, and the 
sun-set view from Bald Mountain, are features of the Fran¬ 
conia range fully described In succeeding pages, and seen by ex* 
cursions from the Profile and Flume Houses. 

W 





























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 

BETHLEHEM TO FRANCONIA NOTCH. 

By the completion of the Bethlehem & Franconia Notch rail* 
road, a most direct and easy route is opened from Bethlehem to 
this famous region, the Profile House, the Flume, Old Man of the 
Mountain, Pool, Echo Lake and other points of interest. The 
railroad leaves Bethlehem Station and passes along the base of the 
hills into the wonderful Franconia region, the observation cars 
giving passengers continual opportunity for many delightful 
views. A bewildering panorama of mountain scenery passes be¬ 
fore the vision of the traveler. Mount Lafayette grows taller and 
taller, and Bald Mountain rises on the left. The vastness of the 
scale of everything, and the stimulating air make one forget fatigue. 

THE PROFILE HOUSE. 

is one of those palatial hotels called into existence by the luxurious 
demands of the traveling public, and it seems as if there was 
nothing one could reasonably demand that could not here be 
found. The house stands at the northern entrance of the Notch 
2,030 feet above the sea, and yet it seems sunk in a vast cleft in 
the land. The mountains rise steep from its very doors. 

The parlor and dining hall are spacious and elegant and are 
lighted with gas. The telegraph runs to this point, and visitors 
may receive their mails with regularity while they gather strength 
in the mountain air, and marvel among the mysteries of the hills. 
The furnishing of the house is elegant and complete, and its 
location unrivaled for mountain scenery. The house is crowded 
during the pleasure season with a happy company gathered from 
all parts of the land, who find here cleanliness and attention, 
with ample profusion of luxuries for the satisfaction of natural 
hunger. Stages leave twice each day for Plymouth, via the 
romantic Pemigewasset valley; while by the newly opened 
Narrow Gauge Railroad line the summit of Mount Washington, 
Bethlehem, and the Jefferson valley may be reached easily and 
without fatigue by the guest at the Profile House. Chief among 
the objects of interest, within easy walking distance, is 
THE OLD MAN OF THE MOUNTAIN. 

A few rods down the road to the south is a small mountain 
lake } and above it, a thousand feet overhead, is “ the great stone 

70 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 

face,” one of the wonders of the natural world. It is useless to 
talk about it. There it is, and the looking is more than the tell¬ 
ing. Even a photograph would be feeble ; but, having seen it, one 



will never forget it. The lake beneath it, stupidly called “ the 
Old Man’s Wash-bowl,” is Profile Lake, the head-waters of the 
Pemigewasset, one of the sources of the Merrimack. 

Echo Lake wins to itself admiring attention. Half a mile’s 
walk to the north from the hotel will bring one to its shores, and 
boats will quickly take one out on its quiet water, where its mul ¬ 
tiple echo may tickle the ear. 

Bald Mountain is reached by a two mile ride or walk over a 
good road. This mountain top gives a fine view of the Ammonoo- 
suck valley to the north, Echo Lake and the Notch to the south, 
and Mount Lafayette towering over all. 

CANNON MOUNTAIN. 

From the lawn before the hotel may be seen the green mass of 
jock on the top of this mountain, that suggests a great gun and 






















NORTHER* RESORTS. 


fives a name to the peak. There is a good foot path, and the 
tourist may make the trip with ease, as it is only a small mattei 
of some 1,500 feet, and the views are excellent. 

MOUNT LAFAYETTE. 

This mountain, 5,585 feet high, is the highest of the Frai 
aonias, and from its summit may be obtained views scarcely ir 
ferior to those from Mount Washington. It is a five-mile trip 
two miles along the road past Profile Lake: At the ruins of the 
old Lafayette House the mountain road is seen entering ths 
woods to the left. The view from the summit has been thus de¬ 
scribed : “ Such grandeur as is spread before you more than re¬ 
pays the toil necessary to reach the summit. Lofty mountain 
peaks without number lie before you on every hand. West, in 
the hazy distance, is the Green Mountain range—Mount Mans¬ 
field, Camel’s Hump, and Jay Peak, towering above their neigh¬ 
bors. Intervening are the valleys of the Ammonoosuc and the 
Connecticut. North is the glorious and grand old peak, Mount 
Washington—the Tip-Top House, if not cloud covered, in full 
view. Lying between are the summits of smaller mountains, 
while a trackless wilderness stretches far away towards the east, 
where peak upon peak rises skyward. A little to the left is old 
Kearsarge, and to the right the sharp spur of Chocorua seems to* 
pierce the very sky. South, you look down upon the lovely 
valley of the Pemigewasset, which has seemingly widened into 
broad meadows; and, forty miles distant, the eyes rest upon 
Plymouth, and the beautiful Lake Winnipiseogee, with its in¬ 
numerable islands. You linger long in contemplating the scene, 
and wonder how it is possible that so much sublimity should re¬ 
main so comparatively unknown to the great world of humanity 
within a day’s ride, and yet so accessible.” 

A shelter has been provided upon the Summit of Mt. Lafayette 
for the protection of visitors, and a new bridle path has been 
built for the lower half of the ascent, winding up the ravine just 
south of Eagle Cliff, leaving the highway almost opposite the 
hotel, shortening the distance some three miles. 

The trip is usually made on horseback, but it makes a good 
one day’s trip on foot. Ponies and guides may be obtained at the 
Profile House. 

72 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


WALKER’S FALLS, 

three miles down the Notch, are a series of picturesque cascades 
half a mile east of the roadway where it is crossed by the stream. 

THE BASIN 

is about four miles south of the Profile House. It is a natural 
bowl or basin, about 40 feet in diameter and 28 feet in depth, 
worn in the granite strata by the whirling of rocks in the fretful 
circling currents of the river. The waters plunge over the brim 
in a pretty cascade, and sweep the smooth circular walls several 
times in swift rotation before they issue from the basin. 

THE POOL 

is another of the many mountain wonders of the Franconia Re¬ 
gion. A path from near the Flume House leads east, a half mile 
through the forest, to this vast natural well and curiosity. It is 
about 150 feet in circumference, 190 feet deep, and usually has 
about 40 feet of water in its gloomy depths. Steps lead down, 
within the walls, to the water. 

THE FLUME. 

This wonderful chasm in the mountain side, with its singular 
waterfalls, its mossy, fern-clad walls, its cool and charming 
depths, and silvery brook, forms one of the most beautiful spots 
in the mountains. It extends some 800 feet between nearly per¬ 
pendicular walls 60 feet high and about 20 feet apart, and has 
a plank pathway extending its entire length. At one point the 
giant sides approach within 12 feet of each other, and formerly 
clasped a massive oval boulder of many tons weight, which was 
suspended some 30 feet above the pathway and bed of the 
stream. In 1885 this boulder was dislodged by a very high freshet 
and carried several rods from its former position down towards 
the Flume House. The way to the Flume diverges from the 
main road direbtly in front of the Flume House, five miles from 
the Profile. The Flume House is a pleasantly located hotel, near 
the Flume, Pool and Basin, commanding a view of three great 
peaks of the Franconia Range, Lafayette, Liberty and Pleasant. 
Returning to the road, a trip two miles to the south to the 
Georgiana Falls may be made. The road dowD the Pemigewat- 
set Valley leads from the Profile House to Woodstock, where one 
may take the Pemigewasset Valley R. R. to Plymouth, N. H., 
30 miles distant, on the Boston, Concord and Montreal R. R. 
Travelers from the White Mountains may return home this way. 

73 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


ROUTES FROM THE WHITE MOUNTAINS 
NORTH, TO MONTREAL AND QUEBEC. 

The tourist, going north from the White Mountains, has his 
choice of several routes. Out of these he will choose, accord¬ 
ing to his tastes, his point of departure from the mountains and 
his objective point. One route may be to Wells River, over the 
Boston, Concord, Montreal and White Mountains division of the 
Boston and Lowell Railroad; thence to Montpelier, over the Mont¬ 
pelier and Wells Biver Railroad; and thence over the Central 
Vermont Railroad (see page 75) by St. Albans and St. John’s, 
to Montreal. 

Another route from Wells River may be over the Connecticut 
and Passumpsic Railroad (see page 106) via St. Johnsbury to 
Newport ; and thence over the South Eastern Canada Rail¬ 
road, via Richford and St. John’s, to Montreal; or from Newport, 
in summer, over Lake Memphremagog, by steamer, to Magog; 
thence by rail, via Waterloo, to Montreal; or from Magog by 
stage, 16 miles to Sherbrooke; or from Newport, over the Massa- 
wippi Valley division of the Connecticut and Passumpsic Rail¬ 
road to Sherbrooke, on the Grand Trunk Railroad; thence, via 
Richmond, to Montreal or Quebec. 

Another route is via Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad, from 
Crawford’s or Fabyan’s to Bethlehem, Wing Road, Whitefield, 
N. H., to St. Johnsbury, Cambridge Junction, Swanton, Vt., St. 
John’s, to Montreal. 

Another route north from the mountains, is over the Boston, 
Concord and Montreal White Mountains Railroad (see page 39), 
to Groveton Junction ;jor by stage lines to Gorham, both stations 
on the Grand Trunk Railroad, and thence to Montreal and Que¬ 
bec. All these lines run through cars on express trains, make 
close connections and good time. Each route has its peculiar¬ 
ities and advantages, which the tourist will readily perceive by 
the use of the guide book, and by a little investigation. 

74t 



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NORTHERN RESORTS. 


CENTRAL VERMONT RAILWAY. 

This railway forms one of the most important channels of 
travel and commerce between New England and Canada. The 
company operates over 600 miles of railroad, including the leased 
lines. The Central Vermont embraces the main road from White 
River Junction to St. Alban’s; the Southern Division running 
from White River Junction to Windsor, Vermont; the New 
London Northern from Brattleboro to New London, Connec¬ 
ticut, connecting with a line of steamers for New York ; the Rut¬ 
land Divsion, running from Bellows Falls to Essex Junction, 
with the Addison Branch from Leicester Junction to Ticonderoga, 
N. Y.; and the Northern and Eastern Division from St. Alban’s to 
Sherbrooke, and St. Albans to Rouses’ Point, N. Y. 

At White River Junction it connects with the Connecticut 
and Passumpsic River Railroad for Wells River, and White 
Mountains ; the Northern Division of the Boston and Lowell 
R. R., for Boston; the Woodstock Branch, for Woodstock, Vt.; 
and by its Southern Division, running to Windsor, Vt., with the 
Connecticut River Railroad for Springfield, Hartford, New Haven, 
and New York; and the New London Northern running to 
Norwich and New London, Connecticut, and New York by 
steamboat. This railway, under its present efficient manage¬ 
ment, has become a popular line of summer travel, and the 
tourist will meet with many objects of interest and some of the 
most picturesque scenery in America. No one who has the least 
appreciation of nature can fail to find this route a most interest¬ 
ing one. Immediately after leaving White River Junction the 
track approaches the bank of White River, and only leaves it at 
short intervals until the stream is reduced to a mountain brook. 
The remarkable purity and sparkling properties of the White 
River Water must be seen to be appreciated, and the endless 
variety of its falls, rapids, shallows, and pools, is a source of 
never-failing interest. The mountains, too, constantly claim our 
admiration. The road passes across the Vermont chain of the 
Green Mountains, which gradually rise from the moderate hills 
along the Connecticut Valley, to such bald-headed patriarchs as 

75 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Mansfield and Camel’s Hump, reaching 4,000 feet and more into 
the air, and overlooking everything between Mount Washington 
in New Hampshire, and the Tahawus among the Adirondacks. 
The geological formation is calcareous or limestone, containing 
valuable beds of slate, and in the higher hills and on the Cham¬ 
plain slope of the mountains showing marble of greater or less 
value. The chief marble quarries of Vermont lie to the south¬ 
ward and westward of this road. After passing the mountains, 
the road follows the Winooski River nearly to its mouth, and the 
route is northward along the east shore of Lake Champlain, 
through a generally level country, to St. Alban’s, Rouses’ Point, 
and the St. Lawrence River. The main offices and car-shops of 
the R. R. are located at St. Albans, Vt. 

HARTFORD, 

Windsor Co., Vt., 147 m. fr. Boston. Stage to Bridgewater. 

Immediately after leaving the junction, the railroad track fol¬ 
lows the right bank of White River, which is close by the side of 
the track, most of the time, for fifty miles. Hartford Village is 
on the left bank of the stream, in the midst of a fine farming 
district, and possessed of valuable water-power. The township 
of Hartford has a population of about 2,500. 

Near this station we cross to the left bank of White River. It 
is said that the stream derived its name from the great number of 
white pebbles which appear on its bed, and this led the Indians to 
call it “ Kaskadnac,” which has been anglicized as White River. 

WOODSTOCK 

Is ten miles southwest from the station, and is reached by a 
branch railway. It is the shire town of Windsor County, beauti¬ 
fully located in the valley of the Otta Queechee, and contains the 
usual county buildings. This town is the birthplace of quite a 
number of distinguished men, among whom may be mentioned 
Hon. Jacob Collamer, who was Postmaster-General under Presi¬ 
dent Taylor, and who served for many years with great honor as 
U. S. Senator from Vermont; Hon. Geo. P. Marsh, formerly U. S. 
Minister to the Sublime Porte; and Hiram Powers, the distin¬ 
guished sculptor, whose boyhood and youth were passed here. 
The old Powers house still stands, and is the oldest in the town. 

76 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


WEST HARTFORD, 

Windsor Co., Vt., 152 m. fr. Boston , 

Ts a small manufacturing village. The track shortly crosses a 
brook, which breaks into a charming fall to be seen on the right; 
and soon after we again cross White River on a bridge from 
which a beautiful view may be obtained. A valley opens to the 
southward, surrounded by picturesque, sharp-crested hills, dot¬ 
ted with farms, and through the midst flow the transparent 
waters of the river, now breaking into foam over gray limestone 
ledges, and now running swiftly over its smooth, pebbly bed. 

SHARON, 

Windsor Co., VI., 157 m. fr. Boston. 

This village is the center of a farming region, hut has excel¬ 
lent water-power, which is improved to some extent. Joseph 
Smith, the founder of the Mormon sect, was born here, of which 
fact the townspeople do not seem to be especially proud. The 
town was plundered by Indians in 1780, on the same day with 
the Royalton massacre. Many brooks “join the brimming riv¬ 
er in this section, and the valleys through which they run may 
be seen winding among the green hills on either side of the rail¬ 
way. The train rushes past only too quickly, and soon brings us to 

SOUTH ROYALTON, 

Windsor Co., Vt., 162 m.fr. Boston. 

This neat and attractive village stands on the side of a beauti¬ 
ful valley. A public square is near the station, on which front 
the hotel, church, school-house, etc. Crossing the river on a 
bridge 600 feet long, we again follow its right bank. 

ROYALTON, 

Windsor Co., Vt., 164 m. fr. Boston. Stages daily to E. Bethel, E. 

Randolph, and E. Brookfield. 

This village is pleasantly situated on the river bank, surround¬ 
ed by fertile fields. 

BETHEL, 

Windsor Co., Vt., 169 m.fr. Boston; fr. Montreal, 159. Stages daily 
to Barnard, Woodstock, Stockbridge, and Rochester. 

Bethel is in a narrow valley, encircled by high and steep hills. 
It is a busy place, containing good water-power and factories. 

77 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


RANDOLPH, 

Orange Co., Vt., 176 to. fr. Boston. Town pop., 2,900. Stages for 
Randolph Centre, Brookfield, and Chelsea Cottage Hotel. 

The stranger is surprised on nearing this village at the evi¬ 
dences of prosperity and industry everywhere visible. The main 
street, which crosses the railroad at the station, is lined with 
stores. The surface of the country in the vicinity of Randolph is 
elevated, but less broken than much of the surrounding terri¬ 
tory. At Randolph Centre, three miles north of the station, is the 
Orange County Grammar School, established in 1806. Soon after 
leaving the station we come in sight of the higher summits of 
the Green Mountains. The hillsides become more rugged, and 
rocks showing a vertical stratification, lift their frowning preci¬ 
pices over the green fields at their base. 

BRAINTREE, 

Orange Co., Vt., 182 m.fr. Boston. 

A few houses with a row of brick charcoal pits, shut in by 
rough mountains, compose this village. A few meadows, how¬ 
ever, along the river, afford fair farming lands. 

ROXBURY, 

Washington Co., Vt., 191 m. fr. Boston. 

A quarry of verd-antique marble exists near this station, which, 
it is said, cannot be distinguished from the true verd-antique 
from Oriental mines. The railroad here crosses the summit pass 
of the Green Mountains, at an elevation of 1,000 feet above the 
level of the sea, and, leaving the head waters of White River, 
strikes the source of Dog River, a tributary of Lake Champlain. 
A little west of the station we cross a long bridge seventy feet 
above the stream which flows beneath it, and begin our descent 
towards Lake Champlain. 

NORTHFIELD, 

Washington Co., Vt., 198 to. fr. Boston. Town pop. 3,500. 

Hotel. —Northfield House. 

Two ranges of bold hills, one on each side of Dog River, 
render the surface of Northfield very uneven. In the narrow 
valley between these : ills is the village. Near the station are 

78 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


the old railway machine shops. New ones have been built at St. 
Albans, and at present the Northfield shops are used in making 
repairs. Several slate quarries will be noticed on the hill-sides 
near the track, and the geologist will see much to interest him 
in the rock cuttings through which the train passes. Many 
different colored slates may be seen, some of them quite light. 
The large brick building, with a mansard roof, on the hill to the 
right, south of the station, is the Vermont Military Institute, a 
school for boys, popular and largely patronized on account of its 
salutary military discipline and its thorough training in the usual 
branches of high-school education. 

MONTPELIER JUNCTION, 

Montpelier , Washington Co., Vt., 208 m. fr. Boston. 

From this junction a branch railroad runs to Montpelier, 
miles. It is the point of intersection of the Montpelier and Wells 
River Railroad, which forms a cut-off, by which parties not wish¬ 
ing to go to White River Junction may cross over to Wells River 
and the White Mountains by a more direct route. In summer, 
cars are run through from Burlington to the White Mountains. 

79 






Capitol, Montpelier, Vermont 
































































































































































































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


MONTPELIER, 

Washington Co., Vt. , 209| m. fr. Boston. Pop. 4,000, Stages ts 
Calais, Hardioich, Greensborough, Glover, Barton, Cabot 
Danville, Barre, Orange, and Chelsea. Hotel — Pavilion. 

Montpelier, the capital of Vermont, is beautifully situated at 
the junction of the Winooski River with its north branch, in the 
centre of a rich farming and grazing country. It was first settled 
in 1787, and has been the capital of the State since 1805. 

The Capitol building is of granite, and is built upon the site of 
the first building, which was burned in 1857. The present edifice 
is cruciform in its general plan, 176 feet long, and surmounted 
by a dome 124 feet high. In the portico, surrounded by Doric 
columns, stands a marble statue of Ethan Allen, of whose fame 
Vermont is so justly proud. In the State House are the regi¬ 
mental flags which were borne by Vermont regiments during the 
civil war. The geological and historical rooms contain specimens 
of the minerals of Vermont. There is a large public library and 
several newspapers in the town, and it contains two banks, one 
savings bank and three fire insurance offices. Here also is the 
National Life Insurance Company : chartered by the legislature of 
Vermont in 1848. In its board of Directors are several of its 
incorporators. Notably Hon. T. P. Redfield, Ex. Gov. Dillingham 
and Hon. W. H. H. Bingham. It is one of the strongest financial 
institutions in the United States, and is a credit to its managers 
and the State of Vermont. 

The Winooski River and its tributaries furnish abundant water¬ 
power, which is employed in driving the machinery of lumber mills, 
carriage factories, large flouring mills and manufacturing estab 
lishments. The Lane Manufacturing Company manufactures 
the celebrated Lane Saw Mills, which are sold throughout the 
United States, Europe and South America. 

Montpelier has been visited by some disastrous fires which have 
swept over the business part of the town. Upon the ruins have 
sprang up substantial brick business blocks and beautiful church 
buildings, such as few country towns can boast. 

4 * V*. - 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 



The Pavilion Hotel overlooks Capitol Park, upon which are the 
State Buildings, and commands the most beautiful portion of the 
town. It is one of the best hotels in New England. It was opened 
to guests in January, 1876, equipped with all the appurtenances, 
including bath-rooms, closets, wardrobes, etc., which are essential 


Pavilion Hotel, Montpelier, Yt. 

to a first-class hotel. It is elegantly furnished, and each room is 
heated by steam, lighted by gas, and connected by automatic 
speaking-tubes with the principal office. Extensive piazzas 
around the house afford delightful promenades and lounging 
places for summer guests, and every attention needed to enhance 
the pleasure and 1 comfort of guests is given by the proprietor. 
Perfect freedom from mosquitos and hay fever guaranteed. The 
proprietor agrees to charge nothing for the board of .any guest 
who shall not here obtain relief from hay fever. No place in 
Vermont combines more attractions as a summer resort than the 
beautiful village of Montpelier. 

82 





























NORTHERN RESORTS. 



Prom the hills around Montpelier beautiful views of the village 
and of Winooski Valley may be obtained. 

Among the principal drives are those to Benjamin Falls, one 
and a half miles; Middlesex Narrows, five miles; Williamstown 
Springs, twelve miles; Plainfield Springs, twelve miles; and 
Mount Mansfield, thirty miles from Pavilion Hotel. 

Montpelier is on the direct line between the White Moun¬ 
tains and Saratoga, Lake George, Lake Champlain and Montreal. 


Middlesex Narrows, Winooski River, Vt. 

The Montpelier and Wells River Railroad, running 38 miles 
between this town and Wells River, opens up a rich agricultural 
and lumber region, and speedy connections east, south and north. 
The towns of Plainfield, Marshfield, the largest and most impor¬ 
tant of the route, Groton and Ryegate are all intersected by this 
route. The scenery is varied by mountain, lake, stream, wood* 
land, hamlet and the rich bottom land along the valley. 

83 




NORTHERN RESORTS,. 


MIDDLESEX, 

Washington Co., Vt. 212 m. fr. Boston. Stages to Moretown, 
Whitfield, and Warren. 

Soon after leaving the junction, the railroad enters the val¬ 
ley of the Winooski, a few miles below Montpelier. This rivei 
has a euphonious Indian name, which, however, signifies onions 
in English; consequently the inhabitants translate musical but 
uncivilized “Winooski” into its American equivalent, and call 
this beautiful stream Onion River. Before reaching Middlesex 
Station the river, now on the left, falls over a series of rocky 
ledges, then plunges into Middlesex Narrows, a canon about a 
quarter of a mile in length and thirty feet in depth, which has 
been worn in the slaty rock by the action of the river. Camel’s 
Hump may be seen for a moment on the left, before reaching the 
station. 

WATERBURY, 

Washington Co ., Vi. 217 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 2,500. Stages to 
Stowe, Mt. Mansfield and Morrisville. 

Hotel — Waterbury Hotel. 

Waterbury is a good-sized village, pleasantly situated on a pla¬ 
teau, through which the railway passes. Camel’s Hump looks 
over the intervening ridges, as we near the station, and assumes 
an almost human expression, naving the outline of a forehead and 
nose. The Waterbury Hotel is near the station, and has ample 
accommodations for a large number of guests. Waterbury is so 
attractive in its situation and surroundings, that many summer 
tourists make it their headquarters. Mount Mansfield and 
Camel’s Hump, the highest of the Green Mountain peaks, are 
within easy riding distance, and the whole vicin’ty is rich with 
the characteristic scenery of Vermont. 

MOUNT MANSFIELD 

ts the principal attraction of this region, and is most conveniently 
reached from Stowe, ten miles north of Waterbury. The drive 
to Stowe is one of great beauty, through the hills and valleys of 
this enchanting region. Stowe is eight miles from the summit of 
Mount Mansfield, which lifts its noble outline in full view of the 
Mansfield House. This house was opened to the public in 1865, 
and sustains an excellent reputation. It can accommodate ovei 


NORTHERN RESORTS, 


800 guests ; and being the central point of a most romantic and 
beautiful region, is a great favorite with summer visitors. Mount 
Mansfield is reached by stages, which leave the hotel as often as 
may be necessary, carrying their loads to the summit of the 
mountain. The road, soon after reaching the base of the moun¬ 
tain, is overshadowed by trees so that no extensive view is ob¬ 
tained until the Half-way House, with its iee-cold spring, is 
reached. From this point the ascent was formerly made on foo\ 
or horseback; but now a turnpike is constructed the remainder 
of the distance to the Summit House, and passengers are carried 
in stages or carriages to the very summit of the mountain. 

The most attractive view is obtained from that portion of the 
mountain known as the “Nose,” which is a short distance from 
the Summit House. This peak is 4,000 feet high, and the view 
from its top is one not easily forgotten. Description for one on 
the spot is futile ; but it may add to the interest if a few of the 
more notable features are indicated, so that they can be recog¬ 
nized by the stranger. Northward may be seen the wide valley 
of the St. Lawrence, with the waters of the river visible at inter¬ 
vals. A little to the west of north is Mt. Royal, with the tin roofs 
of Montreal glittering in the sun at its base. Almost due north 
is the sharp blue summit of Jay Peak, and to the right of it Owl’s 
Head, and the range of hills bordering the west shore of Lake 
Memphremagog. Further to the right are the Willoughby Moun¬ 
tains. The view to the westward is filled by the Champlain 
Valley, bounded by the Adirondack Mountains beyond. Lake 
Champlain may be seen almost from Whitehall to Rouse’s Point, 
and forms a most beautiful item of the landscape. Southward 
are Killington Peak, Ascutney, and, comparatively near by. Camel’s 
flump. In this direction the Green Mountain range breaks the 
horizon with its multitude of rounded summits. Eastward are 
the White Mountains, sixty miles distant. The Chin is the highest 
peak of the mountain, being a little less than 400 feet higher than 
the Nose. The view from the top is substantially the same as 
that from the other and most frequented peak. The Summit 
House is fitted to receive about 100 guests, and is largely patron¬ 
ized during the summer months. 

From Stowe, which is a charming summer residence, many in 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


fceresting excursions may be made to neighboring celebrities 
among which are Smuggler’s Notch, a deep, narrow, and exceed 
ingly wild gorge near Mt. Mansfield, Bingham’s Falls, Moss Gler 
Falls, and many other romantic and interesting places—all withii 
a radius of ten miles from the Mansfield House. 

RIDLEY’S STATION, 

Chittenden Co., Vt., 222 m.fr. Boston. 

This station is in a region thinly inhabited. Just before reach¬ 
ing the station, a wild and rocky scene opens to the northward. 
It is best seen while going towards Waterbury, rather than from 
it. This place is known as Bolton Falls. The wagon road from 
Waterbury to Bolton passes near by, and furnishes a favorite drive 
for those who are fortunate enough to spend any time in the vi¬ 
cinity. Beyond Ridley’s a constant succession of river pictures 
may be seen on the south side of the track, while ranges of wild 
and picturesque rocks rear themselves on the northern side. The 
tourist wishing to visit Camel’s Hump, can reach it most con 
veniently from this station, where teams may be procured which 
will take him three miles up the mountain, to the end of the 
wagon road, beyond which point the ascent is made on foot or 
horseback. About a mile from the summit is a small house where 
visitors can obtain temporary shelter and refreshment. The view 
from Camel's Hump is similar to that from Mt. Mansfield. Its 
height is 4,083 feet. 

Passing Bolton, Chittenden Co., Vermont, 225 miles from Boston 
—hotel, Bolton House—surrounded by high hills and towering 
precipices, pretty much shut off from the rest of the world; 
Mt. Mansfield, looking over the shoulders of intervening hills into 
the nook where the village nestles, with its church and white 
houses, and a clear brook falls into the Winooski, near the station ; 
and Jones’ Station, 228 miles from Boston, whence are stages 
daily to Huntington, Harrisburg, and Underhill Centre, another 
village among the hills, we come to 

RICHMOND, 

Chittenden Co., Vt., 231 m. fr. Boston. Stages to Huntington. 

Hotel —Richmond Hotel. 

As the railway approaches Richmond, the country becomes more 
open, and is evidently richer in agricultural products than the 

87 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


narrow thong'll fertile valleys. Next to St. Alban’s, it sends to 
the Boston market the largest quantity of butter aE d cheese ol 
any town in the State. The Winooski flows near the village 
The village contains a fine modern school-house, several churches, 
and a Masonic Hall. 

The town lies just where the Winooski Valley opens into that 
of Lake Champlain, and combines in a most attractive mannei 
the beauties of mountain and meadow. Leaving the station, the 
track crosses the Winooski on a bridge 600 feet long. 

WILLISTON, 

Chittenden Co ., Vt., 236 m. fr. Boston. 

As the railway leaves the mountains, the view becomes more 
extended; and from the northern or right-hand side of the cal 
the noble outlines of rounded summits can be seen, while on the 
opposite side the distant Adirondacks soon come in sight, beyond 
Lake Champlain. Williston is a farming town. Beyond the 
station we again cross the Winooski, and from the bridge obtain 
a full view of Mt. Mansfield and Camel’s Hump. These two 
mountains are in sight at intervals, for many miles on this portion 
of the railway, and the rather ill-proportioned human profile 
of Mt. Mansfield may be seen to the best advantage. 

ESSEX JUNCTION, 

Chittenden CoVt. , 239 m. fr. Boston. Stages to Jericho , Vn- 

derhill, Mt. Mansfield, and Cambridge. Hotels. —Central 

and Junction Houses. 

This village is situated on an arid, sandy plain, and is chiefly 
inhabited by the employes of the railway. The Essex Branch to 
Burlington, Vt., diverges here. 


CENTRAL VERMONT RAILROAD. RUTLAND DIVISION. 

The Essex Branch Railway runs from Essex Junction to Bur¬ 
lington, a distance of eight miles, and follows the general course 
of the Winooski, affording fine views of the falls and rapids which 
abound in this part of the river. It is a part of the Rutland Di¬ 
vision of the Central Vermont Railroad, and makes immediate 
connections with all trains on the main line. 

8S 




The “ Yan Ness House ” has a Safety Hydraulic Passenger Elevator, 
Fire Escapes, etc. Fine views of the Lake and Moun- 
taiDS from all parts of the House. 

L. S. DREW, H. N. CLARK, U. A. WOODBURY, 

Manager . Clerk • Proprietor • 

The Van Ness and American Hotels are now open to the public 
under one management and will, as heretofore, be conducted in a man¬ 
ner consistent with the good reputation of Burlington as a Summer 
Resort for the best class of guests. Neither pains nor expense will be 
spared to keep them first-class in every particular. Mr. Brew, so long 
and favorably known to the traveling public, will personally superin¬ 
tend everything conducive to the comfort of guests at both hotels. 

These Hotels are supplied with ample public and private Parlors, 
Beading Rooms, Committee Booms, Billiard and Commercial Sample 
Rooms, Telegraph Office, Booms, single or en suite, with Baths, Closets, 
Electric Bells, etc. 

The tables are always supplied with the delicacies of the season. 
Fresh vegetables, pure milk, butter and cream brought daily from the 
hotel farm. 

Tourists will find Burlington a pleasant place to spend a few days in, 
its charming views and delightful drives rendering it very attractive. 

Two or more trains daily to Boston, New York, Saratoga, the White 
Mountains and Montreal, Steamboats to and from Lake George, Sara¬ 
toga, Ticonderoga, Plattsburgh and Ausable Chasm. 


VAN NESS and AMERICAN 

HOTELS, 

Burlington, V ermont. 









NORTHERN RESORTS. 


WINOOSKI. 

Chittenden Co., Vt, 245 m. fr. Boston. 

Winooski Falls have some celebrity as one of the curiosities of 
the neighborhood, and are often visited by tourists stopping at 
Burlington. The village is near the falls, whose water-power 
serves to turn the machinery of manufactories and saw-mills. 
South of Winooski, on a hill, may be seen the granite column 
which stands over the grave of Ethan Allen. 

BURLINGTON. 

Burlington , Chittenden Co., Vt., 308 miles from Nevo York. 

Population 12,000. Hotels— Van Ness and American. 

The city of Burlington is delightfully situated on the hillside, 
which rises from the lake shore, and commands an uninter¬ 
rupted view of the historic Lake Champlain and the Green 
Mountain range. In the centre of the city is a large public 
square, near which are the custom-house, city and county 
buildings, banks and other business offices. The Fletcher 
Free Library, which contains 14,000 volumes, is located in 
City Hall Park. The Howard Opera House, at the corner of 
Bank and Church Streets, was erected by John P. Howard, 
Esq., at an expense of $125,000, and is one of the most beau¬ 
tiful public halls in this country. The University of Ver¬ 
mont stands on the hill overlooking the city. From the dome 
of the chief building an extensive and very beautiful view may 
be obtained, including the ranges of the Adirondack and Green 
mountains, while Lake Champlain, with its bays and islands, 
stretches north and south, as far as the eye can reach. The 
large island in front of Burlington is Juniper Island. To the 
south of this may be seen Bock Dunder, which is said to have 
excited the suspicions of the British commodore, while cruising 
here during the war with England, to such an extent that he 
opened fire upon it. The University Library contains about 
20,000 volumes; the Park Gallery of Art contains a choice collec¬ 
tion of paintings, statuary, etc., and the Museum contains over 
80,000 specimens. On the spacious park in front of the Univer¬ 
sity is the bronze statue of Lafayette, the work of the sculptor 
John Q. A. Ward, and the gift of Mr. John P. Howard. The 
Medical College, north of and under the direction of the Univer¬ 
sity, is also the gift of Mr. Howard. It cost $60,000. Back of 

SO 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


the University is the Mary Fletcher Hospital—a free institution, 
built and endowed by the lady whose name it bears, at an ex-> 
pense of a quarter of a million of dollars. Near by is Green 
Mountain Cemetery, in which is the Ethan Allen Monument, 
erected by the State over the spot where the Bevolutionary 
hero’s remains are buried. It consists of a granite shaft, forty- 
two feet in height, on which is an heroic marble statue of Ethan 
Allen, the work of the sculptor, Peter Stephenson. 

In the north part of the city are Battery Park, the Betreat for 
the Insane, the Boman Catholic Hospital and Convent, Lake 
View Cemetery and Episcopal Institute. Near here is the Ethan 
Allen homestead; a romantic cave, called “Devil’s Den,” which 
is connected with the story of Ethan Allen’s life; and Lookout 
Bock, from which a view of surpassing beauty may be obtained. 

South of the city is the Home for Destitute Children; Howard 
Park, where a great fair and mechanical exposition is annually 
held; and the Queen City Park, a favorite picnic resort. 

Near Howard Park is “Oak Ledge,” the country seat of Dr. 
W. Seward Webb, of New York City. 

The drives along the Winooski Biver are beautiful. A few 
miles east is High Bridge—a picturesque and attractive locality. 
In the steep banks of the Winooski Biver at this point, are large 
and interesting caves, which have recently been discovered. 

Mallett’s Bay, 8 miles distant, is celebrated for its bass and 
pike fishing. The drive to the bay is delightful. 

The best hotels are the Yan Ness House and American House. 
Both are situated in the centre of the city overlooking the Park, 
and command a view of Lake Champlain and the Adirondack 
Mountains. The tattles are excellent, and the rooms are newly 
furnished and very comfortable. The prices are moderate. 

The general offices and steamboat wharf of the Champlain 
Transportation Company are near the railroad station. Here the 
traveler takes the boat for Plattsburg, N. Y., and the Adirondack 
Mountains. The scene at the crossing of the lake late in the 
afternoon is full of d elight to the lover of nature. 

Here, also, one may take steamer up the lake for Essex, West- 
port, Port Henry, Crown Point, Ticonderoga, and Lake George. 
The trip from Burlington to the upper end of Lake George is 
one of the most delightful pleasure-routes on the continents 

90 


-NORTHERN RESORTS. 


COLCHESTER. 

Chittenden Co., Vt., 2'4'4 m. fr. Boston. Town pop. 4,000. 

The main Tillage is half a mile west of the station, and the spire 
of its church may he •seen over the hill in that direction. The 
railway continues in sight of the Green Mountains, constantly 
changing views of which are to be seen on the one hand, while on 
the other. Lake Champlain, with its islands and the Adirondacks 
beyond, are frequently in sight. 

MILTON. 

Chittenden Co., Vi., 251 m.fr. Boston. Town pop. 2,000. 

This prosperous village is situated on the Lamoille River, and 
ite engaged in the lumber business to a considerable extent. The 
(Great Falls of the Lamoille are within an easy walk from the rail¬ 
way, and are worthy of a visit, though somewhat disfigured by 
tbhe “improvements ” made for the purpose of controlling the 
water-power. The village, with its churches and dwellings, may 
b©iseen near the station, on the left. 

GEORGIA. 

Franklin Co., Vt., 255 m.fr. Boston. Stages to Fairfax and 

Fletcher. 

The New Hampshire Baptist Institution is situated at this vil¬ 
lage. The railway soon crosses the Lamoille River on a bridge 
which spans the stream at a giddy height. 

ST. ALBANS. 

Franklin Co., Vt., 265 m.fr. Boston. Town pop. 8,000. 

Hotel — Welden House. 

St. Albans, the shire town of Franklin County, is built upon a 
gently sloping hill overlooking Lake Champlain, two miles distant. 
The lower part of the town in the vicinity of the railway station, 
is level; but the land soon rises, and the principal business street, 
with the pleasantest part of the town, is on the hillside. Situa¬ 
ted in the midst of an unsurpassed grazing country, St. Albans is 
noted for its butter and cheese. Three hundred carloads of these 
two commodities are yearly shipped to the markets of Boston. 
It is said that $60,000 has been paid over for these two products 
in a single day. The public square, containing four acres, is an 
ornamental ground, laid out with walks and planted with shade- 
trees. Around it are the principal buildings of the town. 

91 


NORTHERN- resorts. 


The principal hotel is the Welden House, named in honor of 
Jesse Welden, the pioneer white settler of the town, and situated 
on the public square in the centre of the town. It is a large brick 
structure constructed on modern plans, and managed on the most 



liberal scale. The modern appurtenances, such as baths, gas, 
wardrobes and annunciators are here found, and all its sleeping- 
rooms and parlors are large, commodious and well furnished. The 
table is supplied with the most wholesome food, fresh from the 
surrounding farms, which are so celebrated for their excellent 
dairy products. Mineral waters from the celebrated Highgate, 
Sheldon and Welden Springs, are furnished to the guests of this 
house. Mr. A. A. Merrifield keeps the house in this liberal 

92 
























NORTHERN RESORTS. 


style, and has had large experience and knows how to keep a first 
class hotel. 

The healthful climate, the pure air, the mineral springs, the 
delightful drives about St. Albans, and this excellent hotel, all 
combine to render St. Albans an unusually attractive Summer 
Resort. All who have visited St. Albans have heard of the magnifi¬ 
cent view from Aldis Hill, an elevation near the town. It com¬ 
mands the ranges of the Adirondack and Green Mountains, and a 
wide stretch of Lake Champlain. At the hour of sunset, on a 
calm evening, the beauty of the scene from this hill is entrancing. 

The heavy money transactions mentioned above have made the 
town the centre of banking business for the surrounding region, 
and three prosperous banks are in active operation. The money 
in the vaults of these institutions brought down upon the unsus¬ 
pecting citizens the famous raid of October 19, 1864. The war 
was then at its height; and, doubtless, on the morning of that 
eventful day, many a St. Albanian read in his morning paper of 
doings at the front, little thinking that his balance at the bank was 
destined, in a few hours, to be in the pocket of a rebel, mounted 
on a fleet Vermont horse, and crossing the Canada line. About 
three o’clock on the day mentioned, a squad of armed men 
appeared in the public square. Whence they came, no one could 
tell; but their plans were evidently laid with care ; for parties of 
three or four at once entered the banks, and presented orders 
which were cashed at sight, without the usual identification being 
insisted upon by the bank officials. About $200,000 was thus 
obtained. Collateral security was furnished in the persons of 
cashiers and treasurers, who were locked up in the vaults for 
safe-keeping. Meanwhile the remainder of the raiders were busy 
in selecting the best horses they could lay hands on, and in quar¬ 
antining any citizens who happened to be passing at the time, so 
as to prevent resistance. All this was accomplished in a few 
minutes, and the rebels galloped off towards Canada with their 
spoils. The raiders wounded three citizens, one of whom subse¬ 
quently died A party was speedily organized and on the trail 
of the rebels, who were pursued into Canada, and there some of 
them were arrested. About $90,000 was recovered by the Can* 
iian authorities and returned to the St. Albans banka 


NORTHERN RESORTS 


The general offices of the Central Vermont Railway are at St 
Albans, and the arrangements of the station and offices adjoining 
are well worth inspection. The passenger house is 300 feet long, 
and contains four tracks. Its broad platforms, conveuient waiting- 
rooms and ticket offices, are worthy of admiration. An extensive 
wing—if it may so be called—adjoining the passenger house, con¬ 
tains the general offices. This building is most conveniently and 
elegantly arranged and furnished. It contains a reading-room, 
where all the leading periodicals and newspapers are kept for the 
use of officers and employes. As one walks through the spacious 
halls and rooms devoted to the various branches of railway busi¬ 
ness, he cannot but be impressed by the liberal policy which 
authorizes such complete arrangements. St. Albans Bay, on Lake 
Champlain, was formerly a business centre, but is now impor¬ 
tant only as the landing-place of the Lake Champlain steamers. 


EASTERN DIVISION OF CENTRAL VERMONT RAILROAD. 

The Missisquoi Railroad, now operated by the Central Vermont, 
was completed in 1871, and runs from St. Albans through Shel¬ 
don, Franklin, Enosburgh, Berkshire to Richford, Vt., a distance 
of 28 miles. Trains run to connect with the Central Vermont Rail¬ 
road at St. Albans. 

MISSISQUOI SPRINGS, 

Franklin Co., Vt. 

This group of springs is about one mile in a northeasterly 
direction from the Sheldon Spring. There are thirteen of these 
springs, all located within the space of an acre of land, and 
possessed, apparently, of different mineral qualities, having dis¬ 
tinctive tastes and colors; and, so far as tried, proving unlike in 
their effect. The spring by which so many marvellous cures are 
reported to have been made is called “Missisquoi,” and has been 
known in the neighborhood, for over half a century, as affording 
a remedy for cancer, scrofula, cutaneous affections, and the 
various diseases of the kidneys; even the so-called Bright’s dis¬ 
ease, it is asserted, succumbs to its curative properties. The 
Missisquoi Spring ranks among the foremost of the healing 
waters of the United States. 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


SHELDON SPRINGS, 

Franklin Co.. Vt., Qm.fr. St. Albans. Hotel — Congress Ball. 

Here are the celebrated Sheldon Springs, whose waters have 
effected so many noted cures of obstinate and chronic diseases. 


Two fine bathing houses have been erected, which are as com 
venient and perfect in their fittings as can be found anywhere. 
Hot, cold and tepid baths are given at all hours of the day. 



Congkess Hall, Sheldon, Vt. 

Congress Hall Hotel, situated near the Sheldon Springs, is well 
conducted by Mr. E. A. McLean. It is three stories high, and 
has wide piazzas to each story on the east, west, and north sides 
—in all six hundred and seventy-eight feet of piazzas, so that 
shade and out-door air can be had at all times of the day. 

In front of the house flows the Missisquoi River—the largest 
river in Vermont—and at this point is found a succession of falls, 
in all 119 feet. When at full banks it is an imposing river, and 
even at its lowest state the murmuring of the falling water is 
distinctly heard. From the piazzas of the house, 50 miles of the 
summits of the Green Mountains are visible, although nowhere 
nearer than 20 miles. From near the house, 40 miles of Lake 
Champlain are visible, and about 70 miles of the Green Mountain 
range. Lake Champlain, from Burlington to Canada, is seen, 
and far across the Lake the Adirondacks lift their heads; while 
the spires of Montreal are distinctly visible towards the North. 











NORTHERN RESORTS. 


The pure mountain air of this region, laden with the balsamic 
*lors from the many pine and hemlock trees which grow far and 
wide on either bank of the Missisquoi River, makes Congress Hall 
a resort especially adapted for persons threatened with throat or 
lung diseases. Sufferers from hay fever, who have lived at the 
seaside for many seasons without permanent benefit, find certain 
relief here. The analysis of the Sheldon Spring water, by Pro¬ 
fessor S; Dana Hayes, M.D., State Assayer for the State of Massa¬ 
chusetts, shows crenic acid as one of its rare properties. 

SHELDON VILLAGE, 

Franklin Go. , Vt. , 10 m. fr. St. Albans. Hotel —Portland House. 

This very pleasant village is divided by Black Creek, which 
flows through the center of the town. It is about 2 miles east of 
the Missisquoi and Sheldon Springs, and contains two churches, 
hotel, and several boarding-houses. The Portland House is situ¬ 
ated on high ground on the south side of the stream, and com¬ 
mands very delightful views of the village and surrounding coun¬ 
try. Visitors will find it very comfortable and pleasant, and 
receive very polite attention from the proprietor. The terms are 
very moderate, and varied according to rooms and length of occu¬ 
pancy. Central Spring is at Sheldon Village, on the east side of 
the creek, and possesses very fine mineral properties. It is par¬ 
ticularly adapted to cure cancer, scrofula, pulmonary affections, 
cutaneous diseases, dyspepsia, rheumatism, etc. The Vermont 
Spring was discovered in 1867 by Mr. E. Newton. In drinking, 
he noticed a slight mineral taste and odor, and continuing it, 
recovered from a serious kidney trouble of long standing. 

Passing North Sheldon, East Franklin, Enosburgh Falls, 18 
m. fr. St. Albans, North Enosburgh, East Berkshire, we come to 

RICHFORD, 

Franklin Co., Vt 28 m. fr. St. Albans. 

This is the present terminus of the Missisquoi Railroad. At the 
village, the Missisquoi River makes a fall of several feet; thus 
affording very superior water power, which has been improved by 
several mills and factories which are in operation in the village. 

EAST SWANTON, 

Franklin Co., Vt ., 274 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop. 3,000 
Soon after passing Swanton Junction, where trains to Rouse’s 
Point and Ogdensburg diverge, we reach East Swanton, crossing 

m 



Northern resorts. 


the Missisquoi River before reaching the station. The village is 
of moderate size, and most of the inhabitants are farmers. 

HIGHGATE SPRINGS. 

Franklin Co., VI., 278 m.fr. Boston. Town Pop. 2,300. 

The Springs at this station are within a few rods of the rail¬ 
way, and one is tempted to try and taste the waters while the 
train is waiting. The Franklin House is an excellent hotel, and 
the vicinity of the Springs makes it a very pleasant resort. 

We cross the Canada line just before reaching St. Armand, 
Iberville Parish, Quebec Pr., Can., 282 miles from Boston, and 
pass to Moore’s, in a level country, 284 miles from Boston. Jay 
Peak and the Memphremagog Mountains to the eastward are 
visible; and to Stanbridge, 289 miles from Boston, a fine village, 
composed for the most part of dwelling-houses. Two miles east 
3f the station is Bedford, another pretty village, containing sev¬ 
eral mills, a foundry and 2 churches. East Stanbridge, 3 miles 
east of Bedford, is also a flourishing village of about 250 inhabit¬ 
ants. Stages run from Stanbridge Station to both these villages. 

Des Rivieres, 292 miles from Boston, a village on Pike River, a 
small stream affording water-power for saw-mills below the sta¬ 
tion, and St. Alexandre, 299 miles from Boston, are small places. 

STANSTEAD, SHEFFORD, AND CHAMBLY JUNCTION. 

305 m.fr. Boston. 

At this station connections are made with the Stanstead, Shef- 
ford, and Chambly Railway, to Waterloo, Magog, at head of Lake 
Memphremagog, and Sherbrook. 

ST. JOHN’S. 

St. John’s Parish, Quebec Pr., Can., 308 m. fr. Boston. Fr . 

Montreal, 20. Pop. 4,070. 

The railway crosses the Richelieu River just before reach¬ 
ing this station. This stream is the outlet of Lake Champlain, 
and falls into the St. Lawrence 40 miles below Montreal. It 
is navigable for its whole length, with the exception of certain 
rapids, which are passed by means of canals and locks. The town 
is on the west bank of the river, and has manufactories of iron, 
leather, pottery, etc. 


97 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


LACADIE AND BROSSEAUS. 

316 m. fr. Boston. 

These are small and unimportant villages, the inhabitants of 
■which are chiefly farmers, who send the products of their labor 
to the Montreal markets. The former place is on Montreal Kiver. 

ST. LAMBERT. 

St. John's Parish, Dominion of Canada. 318 m. fr. Boston. 

This station is opposite Montreal, and at the eastern end of 
Victoria Bridge, which is nearly 2 miles long. It is built on the 
tubular plan, and rests on 2 abutments and 24 piers. It cost 
$6,300,000. Entering the bridge, but little can be seen except¬ 
ing iron plates and braces, until after a space of 6 to 10 minutes 
the train emerges from the western end of the bridge, and follow¬ 
ing a descending grade soon reaches the level of the streets, and 
in a few minutes enters Bonaventure Street Depot, Montreal. 
For description of Montreal, see page 108. 

98 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


CONNECTICUT AND PASSUMPSIC RIVERS 
RAILWAYS. 

White River Junction to Sherbrooke , P. Q ., Canada. 

This railway is an important one, extending as it does through 
the beautiful valleys of the Connecticut and Passumpsic Rivers 
from White River Junction to Sherbrooke, Canada, where it con¬ 
nects for Quebec, and points north. It connects at White River 
Junction with trains to and from New Yorkjover the Central 
Vermont and Connecticut River Railroads, via Springfield ; with 
trains to and from Boston over the Northern Division of the Bos¬ 
ton and Lowell R. R., via Concord, N. H. ; with trains to and 
from Montreal over the Central Vermont Railroad, via Montpe¬ 
lier, Vt., and with trains to and from Woodstock, Vt. At Wells 
River it connects with the Boston, Concord, Montreal and White 
Mountain Division of the Boston and Lowell R. R. (see pages 74 
and 107) and with Wells River and Montpelier Railroads. At 
St. Johnsbury it connects with the Portland and Ogdensburg 
Railroad; and at Newport in summer, with steamer “ Lady of 
the Lake/’ on Lake Memphremagog for Magog, Canada, and at 
Sherbrooke, with the Grand Trunk and Quebec Central Railroad 
for Quebec. At Newport, also, connection is made with the 
Southeastern Canada Railroad to Richford Vt., 73 miles, and 
thence to Montreal. 

NORWICH AND HANOVER. 

Windsor County , Vt, 148 m. from Boston. 

Soon after leaving the Junction we cross the limpid White 
River near its mouth, and our course is through the rich and 
beautiful Valley of the Connecticut. 

Norwich village is about three-fourths of a mile west of the sta¬ 
tion, surrounded by high hills and romantic scenery. It was 
once the seat of the Norwich University, founded in 1834, the 
main building of which was burned in 1866. The University has 
been removed to Northfield, Vt. 

Hanover is directly opposite, in New Hampshire. A free 
bridge across the Connecticut, connects it with Norwich Ver¬ 
mont. It has a fine situation on an elevated plain, 180 feet 
above the level of the river. In the center is a square of about 

99 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


twelve acres, around which stand the principal dwellings and the 
buildings of Dartmouth College. This institution was founded 
in 1769, and received its name from William, Earl of Dartmouth. 
Here some of America's greatest scholars and statesmen received 
their early education, among whom are the names of Webster, 
Choate, Woodbury, and Chase. Connected with it is a flourish¬ 
ing medical school. 

POMPAN OOSTTL, 

Windsor Co., Vt., 154 m. fr. Boston. 

Formerly called Ompompanoosuc, the “ Indian name given to 
a little stream that you cross before reaching the station, and sig¬ 
nifying the place where onions are found.” Large quantities ol 
copperaj ore are sent from this station to Philadelphia and Eng¬ 
land, f] om which sulphuric acid is manufactured. North of the 
station are fine views of Moose Hillock and Bald Mountain. 

THETFORD, 

Orange Co ., Vt., 159 m. fr. Boston. 

The village of Thetford is about a mile west of the station. 

Lyme is on the east side of the river, in New Hampshire. We 
pass hastily North Thetford, Orange Co., Vt., 161 miles from 
Boston, interesting only for the copper mining near, and Fairlee 
and Orford, 166 miles from Boston, a station near a stream tribu¬ 
tary to the Connecticut, and in full view of a huge ledge of rocks 
on the west, and of Smart’s, Cuba and Sunday Mountains on the 
east. 

BRADFORD, 

Orange Co., Vt., 178 in. fr. Boston. Hotel - Trotter House, 

Here passengers for Topsham, Corinth, Orange, Washington, and 
Piermont leave the train, taking stage lines. This is the second 
town in importance on the route from White River Junction to 
Newport. White River furnishes good water-power, which is used 
in manufactories of iron, woolen, starch, etc. Here was manu¬ 
factured in 1812, the first artificial globe made in the United 
States. North of Bradford you come in sight of the village oi 
Haverhill, situated on a hill overlooking the valley; and to ths 
east, Moose Hillock, Sugar-Loaf, and Black Mountains appear. 

Passing South Newberry we o une to 

100 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


NEWBURY, 

Orange Co ., Vt., 180 m. fr. Boston. Town Pop. 2,500. 

Is an old town, and one of the most attractive in the Uppot 
Connecticut Valley. The village is on the left of the railroad, 
upon a terrace nearly 100 feet above the meadows. It is much 
frequented for its celebrated Sulphur Springs, and the grand and 
beautiful scenery it commands, which resembles that from Mount 
Holyoke, in Massachusetts, in its extent and variety. Mount Pu¬ 
laski, in the rear of the town, is easy of access. Franconia Moun¬ 
tains are seen in the distance to the north-east, and on a clear day 
the Notch, through which tourists pass to the White Mountains. 
The Great Ox Bow is north of the village, where the river makes 
a sharp turn out of a direct course to the east, and then by an¬ 
other, equally abrupt, to the west, pursues its way southward, 
bounded by magnificent meadows. 

WELLS RIVER, 

Orange Co., Vt., 184 m. fr. Boston. 

At the mouth of the Wells River is a pleasant village of con¬ 
siderable activity, containing a bank and various manufactories, 
for which the Wells River affords a good water-power. It is the 
junction of the Boston, Concord and Montreal Railroad with the 
Connecticut and Passumpsic Rivers Railroad, and with Montpelier 
and Wells River Railroad. 

RYEGATE, 

Caledonia Co., Vt., 188 m. fr. Boston. 

Soon after leaving Wells River, the blue summits of the White 
Mountains are hidden by intervening hills, and we reach Ryegate, 
a town of about 1,000 inhabitants. A seat on the east side of the 
car will enable the traveller to enjoy a series of the most charm¬ 
ing river views imaginable. The first of these is seen soon after 
eaving the station. 

McINDOE’S FALLS, 

Caledonia Co., Vt., 192m.fr. Boston. 

Just south of the station are the falls giving the name to the 
station, and a fine water-power for a large business done here. 
Soon the railroad emerges from a cutting upon lovely river viewa 
Close at hand is a picturesque, rock-bound cove, across whose en¬ 
trance is stretched a boom, within which large quantities of logs 
may often be seen awaiting their turn to furnish food for the 

101 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


mills below. A few miles further on, we pass Beard’s Falls, 
similar in character to those we have just seen, and before long 
leave the valley of the Connecticut, which may be seen opening 
through the hills to the eastward. Opposite the railroad, at this 
point and below, several large islands will be noticed. They 
are said to be twenty-one in number. One of them, “Gold 
Island ” was vainly searched, some years since, for treasure sup¬ 
posed to have been buried by Indians. The treasure still remains 
concealed. Above these islands is the foot of “Fifteen Mile 
Falls.” The foam-flecked water is, however, the only evidence 
of falls to be seen from the cars. The mouth of the Passumpsic 
River may now be seen east of the railway. At this point we 
enter a more rugged and mountainous region than that through 
which the road has thus far passed. 

Just passing Barnet, East Barnet and Passumpsic, we come to 

ST. JOHNSBURY, 

Caledonia County, VL, 205 miles from Boston. Population 6,000. 

Hotels — St. Johnsbury and Avenue. Stages to Waterford, Vt. 

This beautiful shire town is situated near the union of Sleeper’s 
River with the Passumpsic. It is scattered over several hills and 
valleys, and is the most important place in this part of the State. 
The principal street and most important buildings are upon a level 
space known as the “ Plain.” The Court-House is a large and 
handsome structure of brick, standing in a shaded square, which 
occupies the summit of a slight eminence. 

Directly in front of the Court-House stands the beautiful 
Soldiers’ Monument. It consists of a massive pedestal of Ver- 
mont marble, on the sides of which are carved the names of 
eighty-one men from St. Johnsbury, who lost their lives in the 
army during the late war. This pedestal is surmounted by a 
statue of America, by Larkin G. Meade, the well-known sculptor. 
Not far distant is a new library building, erected by the liberality 
of Horace Fairbanks. 

The St. Johnsbury Academy, presented to the town by Mr. 
Thaddeus Fairbanks, is reputed to be the best equipped school 
building in Vermont. The building cost $50,00?, and was dedi¬ 
cated October 31, 1873. The style of architecture is the Nor- 

102 


St. Johnsbury Academy. St. Johnsbury. Yt. 




\ 
































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


man-Gothic. The institution is ably conducted by its present 
principal, Chas. T. Putney, A.M., an efficient teacher and excel- 
lent gentleman. 

All through the village, and particularly in the southern part 
of it, are comfortable and elegant houses, surrounded by tasteful 
gardens and pleasure-grounds. Conspicuous among these are the 
dwellings of the Messrs. Fairbanks, of the great scale company, 
to which St. Johnsbury owes much of its wealth, prosperity, and 
beauty. The scale factory is situated on Sleeper’s Eiver. The 
invention, which gave a start to this great business, was made by 
Mr. Thaddeus Fairbanks, in 1829, and was soon after patented. 
Now Fairbanks’ scales are known and used all over the world 
Besides the scale factory, St. Johnsbury contains file-works, 
founderies, and manufactories of sashes, blinds, and furniture. 

The Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad runs through this town. 
A view from Reservoir Hill repays one for the ascent, with a 
rare picture of grand mountains, quiet rivers, fertile hills and 
vales, utilized by labor and beautified by art. 

ST. JOHNSBURY CENTRE, 

Caledonia Co ., Vi !., 207 m.fr. Boston. 

This is a small village in an agricultural region, built principally 
along the left bank of the Passumpsic River, on the right bank of 
which is the railroad. About two miles beyond the station a 
white wooden house may.be seen on the right of the track, in 
front of which stands a large elm tree. This tree was planted by 
Mr. Elkanah Cobb, a soldier of the Revolution and of the war of 
1812. When returning from the battle of Plattsburg, Mr. Cobb 
cut a sapling, and on reaching home set it out in his door-yard. 
The sapling took root, and grew into the noble tree which now 
overshadows the old soldier’s former home, and serves as a me¬ 
mento of the early days of the Republic. 

LYNDON, 

Caledonia Co., Vt., 213 m. fr. Boston. Town pop. 2,500. Stages 
daily to Wheelock , Sheffield, and Island Pond; connect with 
mail train. 

This town was surveyed before any of its neighbors, and was 
laid out in a square. Its soil is fertile, and very productive. 
There are three villages, through or near all of which the railroad 

103 


NORTHERN RESORTS 


passes. The southernmost is Lyndon Comers, that further west 
is Lyndon Centre, and that at the station is Lyndonville. At 
this latter village are the general offices and repair shops of the 
Connecticut and Passumpsic Rivers Railway. 

In the southern part of the town are the Great Falls in the 
Passumpsic, 65 feet in height; and a mile above them Little 
Falls, 18 feet in height. Both of these may be partially seen 
from the car windows. A fine view of Burke Mountain, 3,500 
feet high, may be obtained from the hill near the station. 

Passing Folsom’s, 215 miles from Boston, we come to West 
Burke, 221 miles from Boston, where stages leave for Lake Wil¬ 
loughby, six miles distant, between two high mountains which 
rise abruptly from the water. The lake is so deep that no trust¬ 
worthy measurement has as yet been made. Trout abound in 
its waters, and the scenery from almost any part of its surface is 
enchanting beyond description. The Willoughby Lake House has 
accommodations for about 100 guests. 

So peculiar is the charm of this lake and valley between tfie 
Willoughby Mountains, that few turn their backs upon it, to re¬ 
turn to the every-day world, without a feeling of regret. 

SOUTH BARTON, 

Orleans Go., Vt., 229 m. fr. Boston. 

This station is called the Summit, being near the dividing ridge 
between the Connecticut and the St. Lawrence. At this station a 
superb view opens of the Jay Peak range, and of the mountains 
around Lake Memphremagog. Jay Peak may be known by its 
very sharp summit, which is 4,000 feet high. The broad valley, 
with its lakes and woods, bounded by towering hills and moun¬ 
tains, forms a picture which excites the traveler’s admiration. 

Barton, 234 miles from Boston, named after Gen. William Bar¬ 
ton, of Rhode Isand, to whom it was granted in 1781, is a village 
just at the lower end of Crystal Lake, whose surplus waters are 
here used for various mills. This was the scene of a great disas¬ 
ter in 1810, occasioned by the draining of Long Pond into Mud 
Pond, the source of Barton River, overflowing it and causing the 
loss of much property along its course. Stages for Hardwick 
and Glover leave daily. 

We pass Barton Landing, 239 miles from Boston, said to have 

104 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


formerly been a place for smugglers, through woods to the 
upper end of Lake Memphremagog, which is here little more 
than a stream. Then Coventry, 244 miles from Boston, originally 
settled by people from Coventry, Conn. Barton and Black 
Bivers here furnish water power for a few mills and factories. 

NEWPORT. 

Orleans County , Vt., 249 miles from Boston. Town Pop. 2,200. 
Hotel.— Memphremagog House. Stages daily to North and 
South Troy. Tri-weekly to Charleston. 

Newport is beautifully situated on a gentle sloping hillside, 
near the southern end of Lake Memphremagog, and at one of the 
pleasantest parts of the whole lake. The “Memphremagog 
House ” is by the side of the track, and, in fact, contains the 
station. It is an excellent hotel, and its piazzas command an un¬ 
surpassed view of the lake and mountains. Here is the best 
place for the traveler to make his headquarters while in the vici¬ 
nity of the lake. All the places of interest can readily be reached 
either by land or water. The visitor should ascend Prospect Hill, 
which is only a few minutes’ walk from the hotel. From thence 
he will obtain an excellent general idea of the lake and its sur¬ 
roundings. Pickerel Point and Newport lie close at hand in the 
view, and the lake stretches beyond. 

The Connecticut and Passumpsic River Railroad runs north of 
Newport through Stanstead Junction, Ayer’s Flats, North Hat¬ 
ley, Lenoxville to Sherbrooke, where it connects with Grand 
Trunk R. R. and Quebec Central R. R. for Quebec. In summer 
a steamer runs on Lake Memphremagog from Newport to Magog. 

Connections at Newport are made with Montreal by the South- 
Eastern Canada Railroad ; via Richford, Yt. and St. John’s. 

LAKE MEMPHREMAGOG. 

Lake Memphremagog, or “Magog,” as it is called by the 
neighboring inhabitants, has been a popular place of resort for 
many years, and was well known even before the railway was 
built. Increased facilities of travel and excellent hotel accommo¬ 
dations have combined to render the lake a very attractive place 
of sojourn for tourists and pleasure-seekers. The lake is 30 miles 
long and averages about 2 miles in width. It extends in a curve 

105 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


following tlie mountain range from Coventry, Vt., to Magog, 
Canada. About one-third of the lake is in Vermont. 

The commodious iron steamer “Lady of the Lake,” makes 
daily trips down the lake and back, leaving Newport at 7.15 A.M., 
and returning in time for supper. As almost every one who re¬ 
mains a few days at Newport desires to takes this excursion, we 
will indicate some of the principal points of interest as seen from 
the steamer, so that they can be recognized by the stranger. As 
the boat leaves her wharf at Newport and heads down the lake, 
the nearest prominent hill on the left is Bear Mountain. Be¬ 
yond and over is the ragged summit of Owl’s Head. The point 
on the right is Indian Point; the two coves on the left are Adams 
Bay and Potton Bay. On passing Indian Point, two islands will 
be seen ahead. These are known as The Twin Sisters; between 
them may be seen the village of Stanstead, in Canada ; the large 
island further down the lake is Province Island; it contains 
about 100 acres of excellent land, and is cultivated as a farm by 
its owner, a Bostonian, whose house may be seen on the island. 
Near this island, and crossing one end of it, is the Canada Lina 
An iron post, visible from the steamer, marks the boundary, and 
a clearing which extends up the mountain shows its direction. 
The small wooded island near the eastern shore of the lake, is 
Tea Table Island ; the village on the shore to the northward, is 
Cedarville. Near the mouth of Fitch’s Bay, which extends in¬ 
land in an easterly direction, is an island which contains a 
quarry of excellent oil-stone. 

Owl’s Head is now the most prominent object in sight, rising 
precipitously to a height of 3,000 feet, on the west side of the 
lake. The Mountain House, a first-class hotel, stands near its 
foot, and close by is a little wharf, at which the steamer makes 
regular landings. Persons wishing to ascend the mountain or to 
enjoy the best fishing on the lake, will do well to stop a few days 
at this retired and charming spot. The mountain is ascended on 
foot, the path winding through wild and beautiful forest scenery, 
and the view from the summit is well worth the labor of the as¬ 
cent. On the 24th of June, the Freemasons of Stanstead hold an 
annual “lodge,” in one of the ravines on the mountain. Their 
mystic symbols are painted on a rock to mark the place. 

1UO 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


The liliputian island, across the lake from Owl’s Head, ii 
Minnow Island ; further to the north and east is Skinner’s Island., 
which contains a deep cave, formerly used as a hiding-place by 
one Uriah Skinner, a famous smuggler. The cave, after serving 
the bold smuggler during his life, was his resting-place in death, 
and some years after his mysterious disappearance his bones were 
found by a casual fisherman, whitening in the depths of the cave. 
Beyond Skinner’s is a rock-bound island named Long Island; on 
its southern shore, visible from the steamer, is Balance Rock, a 
large fragment of granite, poised on an angle in a peculiar man¬ 
ner, which can only be well seen by a closer inspection. Still 
further north is Molson’s Island, bearing its owner’s name. Along 
the eastern shore may be seen the summer residences of wealthy 
citizens of Montreal. The chief elevation on the west shore, 
near this point, is Mount Elephantis, near whose top is a beauti¬ 
ful little lake abounding in brook trout. The next landing is 
Georgeville, whence the boat crosses the lake to Knowlton’s 
Landing, where passengers for Montreal leave the steamer and 
take stages to Waterloo (20 miles distant), the terminus of the 
Stanstead, Shefford, and Chambly Railway. The rocky promon¬ 
tory north of Knowlton is Gibraltar Point. 

No other regular landing is made until we reach Magog, at the 
lower end of the lake. The scenery to the end is undiminished 
in beauty, and the view of Mount Oxford, 3,300 feet high, adds 
greatly to the interest of the scene. 

Stages run from Magog to Sherbrooke 16 miles, there connecting 
with the Grand Trunk Railway for Richmond and Montreal, and 
for Point Levi on the St. Lawrence River, where a steam ferr» 
connects with Quebec on the opposide side of the river. 

107 


NO RJ BERN RESORTS. 


MONTREAL. 

Quebec Province, Dominion of Canada, 391 miles from New York. 

Hotels— Windsor, St. Lawrence Hall, Albion, and Richelieu. 
Population 250,000. 

The chief city of British America stands on Montreal Island, 
at the head of natural navigation on the St. Lawrence Biver. It 
was founded in 1640, on the site of an Indian village called 
Hochelaga, which was visited by French Jesuit missionaries in 
1542, nearly a hundred years before a permanent settlement 
was made. The French held the island until 1760, when it was 
captured by the British, and has been held by them ever since. 
The Canadian government was formerly established here, but was 
removed to Quebec in 1849, in consequence of a political mob 
which burnt the parliament houses and library. At that time 
Canada was under the royal 'government, but it is now more in¬ 
dependent and governs herself, with certain restrictions, under 
the title of The Dominion of Canada. Montreal Island is thirty- 
two miles long and about ten miles broad. Near the city it rises 
into a considerable elevation known as Mount Royal. 

The city is principally built on the level ground between Mt. 
Royal and the river, along which it extends nearly three miles. 
The population of the city is rapidly increasing. On the high 
ground near Mt. Royal are many elegant private residences, and 
a fashionable drive extends around the mountain, bordered by 
gardens and ornamental inclosures, and affording fine views in 
all directions. The principal buildings in Montreal are of gray 
limestone, which is of a delicate neutral tint, very pleasing to the 
eye. The great number of buildings of this material gives a 
solid look to the streets. Architecturally, many of the build¬ 
ings are very fine, especially the new church of the Jesuits. 
The cathedral of Notre Dame is of great size, and well worth 
visiting. The view from one of the towers, in which hangs 
“ Gros Bourdon,” the great bell, is very extensive and interest¬ 
ing. Admission may be gained to the cathedral and tower at 
almost all hours. At certain times, interesting services are per ¬ 
formed in the cathedral, at which the nuns of the seminary of 
St. Sulpice assist. The music at these services is very fine. 

108 ... 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


There are many other fine buildings, especially in Great St. 
James and Notre Dame streets. It is interesting to visit the 
English Cathedral, Jesuit College, McGill College, Yiger Square, 
the Post Office, New Court House, Bank of Montreal, Bank of 
British North America, Molsom’s Bank, Merchants’ Bank, Bon- 
secours Market, Hotel Dieu Hospital, Mount Boyal Cemetery, 
Place D’Armes, Champ de Mars, Bon Parteur Nunnery, and 
many others. The stone quays of Montreal are also interesting. 

The Victoria Bridge over the St. Lawrence is a splendid piece 
of engineering skill, and should be visited. It is the longest 
bridge in the world, being nearly one and a half miles in length, 
and is built entirely of iron, over 8,000 tons of which were used 
in its construction. The Grand Trunk Railway crosses the St. 
Lawrence river upon it, and passengers going to or from the 
States pass over it. A pass to go upon the bridge may be ob¬ 
tained at the office of the Grand Trunk Railway. 

The tour through Lachine Rapids is a delightful excursion 
from the city. By driving to Lachine, about nine miles, and 
taking the steamboat which descends the Rapids, the tourist will 
soon find himself in the midst of exciting adventure, as the bold 
craft reels and dashes down the stream and shoots unharmed 
upon the placid waters below. The trip is full of pleasant ex¬ 
citement, and has a spice of danger about it especially pleasing 
to the Anglo-Saxon temperament. 

The principal Railway connections at Montreal are with the 
Grand Trunk Railway eastward to Quebec, Portland and the 
Provinces; and westward to Kingston, Toronto, Detroit, Chicago 
and other points. 

The Canadian Pacific Railway runs northerly to Ottawa, the 
capital city of the Dominion, and to points north and west. 

The Central Vermont Railway runs southward to St. Albans, 
Burlington, Rutland, Brattleboro, connecting for the White 
Mountains, Boston and other southern and eastern points. 

The South-Eastern Railway runs south-eastward to Lake 
Memphremagog, St. Johnsbury, White Mountains, connecting 
for Boston, Portland and other eastern towns. 

Steamers run in summer from Montreal to Quebec, Saguenay 
River and points east on the St. Lawrence, and westward through 

109 


NORTHERN RESORTS . 


the Thousand Islands and Lake Ontario, to Kingston, Toronto, 
Oswego, Charlotte and Niagara Falls, connecting with railways for 
the west. Steamers also run up the Ottawa River to Ottawa and 
other northern points. The Allan Line of Ocean Steamers runs 
from Montreal to Europe. For further information and time 
tables consult the offices at Montreal and the time cards. 

HOTELS OF MONTREAL. 

The Windsor Hotel is the most elegant hotel in Canada, and is 
remarkable for the completeness and extent of its modem im¬ 
provements. It has a fine location on elevated ground near the 
mountain, overlooking the city and the St. Lawrence River, and 
fronts one of the finest streets in Montreal. It has many rooms 
en suite with bath-room attached, and the bridal parlors are 
luxuriantly and elegantly furnished. The dining hall is very 
beautiful, and the cuisine excellent. 

St. Lawrence Hall, situated on St. James street, in the most 
central part of the city, is kept in very good style, at moderate 
prices. It has been patronized by the Government on all public 
occasions, and was the former residence of the United States 
Consul. It is kept more in the style of English hotels than any 
in Montreal, and is managed by Mr. H. Hogan, the Proprietor, 
who provides excellent accommodations at moderate prices. 

The Albion House is a good hotel, on the corner of McGill and 
St. Paul streets, and has been for twenty years a favorite resort 
of the general traveling public of the United States when visiting 
Montreal. It will accommodate nearly 500 guests, and is well 
supplied with modern conveniences, and commands a fine view 
of St. Lawrence River and the Victoria Bridge. Its charges are 
very moderate, but its accommodations are equal to those of its 
higher-priced competitors. 

The Hotel Richelieu is a large first-class hotel on St. Vincent 
Street, extending through the block to Jacques Cartier’s Square, 
accommodating about 400 guests. It is kept on both the Amer¬ 
ican and European plans, and is thus well adapted to tourists 
and travelers who do not wish to be restricted to certain hours 
for meals while visiting the objects of interest in the city and 
vicinity. The prices for board are very reasonable. 

110 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 

RIVER ST. LAWRENCE, FROM MONTREAL 
TO QUEBEC. 

Our choice of courses to Quebec lies between the railway 
ride of eight hours and the sail down the river by night. We can 
economize time, strength, and money by the sail. We will, there¬ 
fore, take passage in one of the splendid steamers of the Eiche- 
lieu and Ontario Navigation Company’s Mail Line. Either the 
“ Montreal ” or the “ Quebec ” makes the passage from Montreal 
to Quebec every night except Sunday. These steamers are the 
most elegant in Canada, and approach closely in accommodations 
the magnificent floating palaces of the People’s Line on the Hud¬ 
son River, and Fall River Lines from New York. With staterooms 
secured, we are free to move about the boat, dine, watch the 
scenery, or gaze at the stars, until our weariness invites repose, 
and we seek Nature’s sweet restorer. Before daylight is gone we 
shall enjoy many miles of delightful river scenery. As we pass 
out from the wharf, the shores of the military island of St. Helen’s 
—named from the wife of Champlain, the first Governor of Can¬ 
ada, and the founder of Quebec—appears. Just below the island 
is the village of Longueuil, a favorite summer resort of the citi¬ 
zens of Montreal. At the mouth of Richelieu, the outlet of Lake 
Champlain into the St. Lawrence, is 

SOREL, 

a town with about 5,000 population. It was for many years the 
summer residence of the English Governors of Canada, and here 
Victoria’s father once resided. Immediately below Sorel the 
river widens into a lake called Lake St. Peter, about thirty-five 
miles long by ten miles wide. This is shallow, except in a narrow 
channel; and in a storm its waves become very turbulent, and 
engulf the unfortunate rafts exposed to its fury. Half-way to 
Quebec is the port of 


THREE RIVERS , 1 

at the confluence of the St. Maurice and the St. Lawrence Rivers, 
ninety miles from Montreal. This town is one of the oldest set¬ 
tled towns in Canada. It is well laid out, contains many good 

111 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


buildings, and a population of 9,000. The celebrated St. Maurice 
Forges, near the town, have been in operation more than a century. 

BATISCAN, 

a village of little importance, is the last stopping place before 
reaching Quebec. Seven miles above Quebec we pass the mouth 
of the Chaudiere Eiver on the right. The celebrated Chaudiere 
Falls are a short distance up this river, and are annually visited 
by a large number of tourists. The Falls are 125 feet high, the 
river being 400 feet wide, studded with forest-covered islands, 
which make a picturesque and beautiful scene. The banks of the 
St. Lawrence present little variety as we proceed. The villages 
are French, the buildings being small, the better class painted 
white or whitewashed, and having red roofs. As we approach 
Quebec, we first behold the tin-covered spires of the Catholic 
churches. In the river, we see the shipping and the frequent 
rafts lying at rest in the coves, awaiting shipment to different 
parts of the world. Passing the frowning rock-walls of the cita¬ 
del, we touch the pier and are speedily ashore and breakfasting. 

112 


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CITY OF QUEBEC. 





















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































E JRTIIERN RESORTS. 


QUEBEC. 

Hotel— St. Louis. 

The Gibraltar of America, and the only walled city on the Con* 
inent, is situated at the confluence of the St. Charles and St. 
jawrence Rivers, 400 miles from the Gulf of St. Lawrence, and 
.80 miles from Montreal. It is the second city in the Dominion^ 
and was until recently the capital of United Canada. 

Quebec has about 70,000 inhabitants, chiefly engaged in hand¬ 
ling and exporting lumber, of which some $6,000,000 worth a 
year is sent away, It has also a fine export trade in grain, and, 
being the terminus of transatlantic shipping, it is a depot of immi¬ 
gration. The city is nearly in the form of a triangle, bounded by 
the two rivers and the “ Plains of Abraham,” and is divided into 
the Upper and Lower Towns—the former being walled, strongly 
fortified, and standing partly on a bluff 350 feet high ; the latter 
being built on the narrow strip of land between the cliffs and the 
river. The suburbs of St. John’s and St. Roche’s extend along 
the St. Charles to the “Plains of Abraham.” The houses are 
mostly built of cut stone, and severely plain. The streets are 
narrow, and often steep, and are said to follow, in many instances, 
the foot-paths of the Indian village once on the same site. 



THE ST. LOUIS HOTEL 

is the prominent and best hotel in the city. It is situated on Sb 

113 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Louis Street, in the upper town, near Durham Terraoe, Dover 
nor’s Garden, and many of the principal points of interest in th« 
city. It is a long established and favorite house, complete in all 
its arrangements, efficient and liberal in its management, afford 
ing to its guests all wished-for accommodations. The location is 
central, near the delightful and fashionable promenades and ter¬ 
races of this grand old city. The management is the best, and 
substantial plenty and commendable neatness in every depart¬ 
ment are characteristics of the house. The accommodations are 
for five hundred guests, and, with the recent enlargements and 
improvements, such as passenger elevator, electric lights and 
bells, new furniture, bath rooms, etc. The most exacting cannot 
fail of satisfaction. Carriages at reasonable rates for the tour of 
the city and surroundings may be had at the hotel, and valuable 
information regarding the attractions within and around the city. 

The Citadel, on Cape Diamond, is one of the most interesting 
objects to visitors. The area within the fortifications is mors 
than forty acres, and the line of fortification around it and the 
Upper Town is about three miles long. Formerly there were five 
massive gates to the town, two of which remain. 

The churches, convents, colleges, and public buildings of Que¬ 
bec will interest strangers. Among the Roman Catholic churches 
they will wish to see the Cathedral and the adjoining Seminaries, 
fronting on the Upper Town Market Place. This is very large, 
seating 4,000 persons ; unpretentious outwardly, it is inwardly 
handsomely fitted up. The Cathedral and Seminary Chapel have 
many fine paintings of the old masters well worth inspection. 
These churches and institutions of mercy and learning in Quebec 
have become rare picture galleries. Permission to visit them and 
catalogues will be given, on application, at proper hours. St 
Patrick’s, St. Roch’s, St. John’s, The Church of Notre Dame des 
Victoires, with its pictures by Vandyke, are all worth visiting. 
The Hotel Dieu, both hospital and church, built mostly in the 
seventeenth century, has fine paintings. It has thirty or forty 
nuns, and the hospital is free to the sick and infirm of any sect, 
with attendance of the best doctors in the city. The Gray Nun 
aery near St. John’s Church, and the Black Nunnery near St. 
loch’s, will interest the stranger. At the Ursuline Convent, a 

ery old building, there are forty nuns, devoted to teaohing girls, 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


and also to working in embroidery, painting, etc. The parlor and 
ahapel are open to visitors. In the latter are some good paintinga 
The General Hospital is an extensive pile of buildings founded in 
the seventeenth century, and conducted by forty or fifty nuns oi 
St. Augustine. The Laval University is second to none on this 
continent in its museum of Huron antiquities, its collection of 
Canadian birds, its library, its fine scientific instruments, and its 
extensive and comprehensive curriculum. It is adjoining the 
seminary whose chapel, mentioned above, has the celebrated 
paintings of Champlain and others. 

Among the Protestant churches the English Cathedral is the 
largest, accommodating about 4,000 people. It is a handsome 
structure, neatly fitted up. The monument of Jacob Mountain, 
D. D., first Anglican Bishop, is in the church. King George is said 
to have expressed a doubt, in the presence of Dr. Mountain, as to 
whom to appoint bishop of the new See of Quebec. The Doctor 
replied, “ If your majesty had faith, there would be no difficulty.” 

‘How so?” said the king. Mountain answered, “If you had 
faith, you would say to this Mountain. * be thou removed into that 
See,’ and it would be done.” The witticism won him the appoint¬ 
ment. There are many other churches and public buildings 
worthy of mention. 

Durham and Dufferin Terrace in the Upper Town, command 

a splendid view of the river and the Lower Town, as well as Point 
Levi and the bold peaks of the Laurentian Range. The Terrace 
is the favorite promenade of the citizens. The monument erected 
to the memory of Wolfe and Montcalm in the Public Garden is 
chaste and beautiful in design, 65 feet high, and should be seen 
by strangers. The Place d’Armes and the Esplanade are open 
pieces of ground, beautiful and well worth a visit. We have room 
only to mention the Court-House and City Hall on St. Louis 
Street, the Gaol, St. Ann Street, Upper Town, the Marine Hos¬ 
pital on the river St. Charles, capable of accommodating 400 
patients, the Lunatic Asylum at Beauport, two and a half miles 
from the city, ana the Music Hall. 

Every step in this city seeme to be over a tradition, or a history. 
Every wall and tower seems ancient. Indeed the seventeenth 
«< iry is here largely transformed into the nineteenth. The 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 



quaint style of vehicles and very many of the customs of the peo¬ 
ple have come down from the long-ago. Yet here is a city of 
thrifty, busy, contented people. Living is cheap here. Protected 
from enemies by its scowling defiant fortresses and rocks, rich in 
one of the best harbors on the continent, with her piers loaded 
with the commerce of all nations, Quebec enjoys a position among 
the cities of the continent, unique and interesting. 

Many places of interest and many fine drives are in the neigh¬ 
borhood. Among these we mention Cap Rouge, nine miles from 
Quebec, reached by the Grand Allee. On the drive we pass a 
monument near the toll-gate; the inscription says, “Here died 
Wolfe victorious.” The Plains of Abraham are on the south, and 
the scene of the battle on either hand. Many objects of interest 
are along this route, and the whole distance is lined with fine old 
villas of the Canadian aristocracy. Returning from Cap Rouge 


Falls of Montmorknci. 

by another route, the tourist is treated to varied but equally in¬ 
teresting sights. Indian Lorette, nine miles from Quebec by the 
Little River Road, is an ancient village of the Hurons, in whom 
Indian blood predominates, and who hunt, fish, make bead-work 

116 





















NORTHERN RESORTS. 


moccasins, etc., and live a rude but religions life. The Loretto 
Falls are near the village, and a few miles inland are the Beau- 
port and St. Charles Lakes, the latter famed for its red trout and 
remarkable eohoes. 

One of the principal drives is to the Falls of Montmorenci, eight 
miles from the city. We cross the St. Charles River—notice in sue 
cession the extensive ship building, the curious market wagon* 
and ponies of the French women, who mostly make the gardens and 
market their products; the old cottage where Montcalm had hia 
headquarters, and near the scene of the first struggle for the pos¬ 
session of the city; the neat Canadian cottages on either side 
with their huge chimneys, out-of-door ovens, and steep roofs- 
until we reach the Montmorenci River and the field of the battle 
of Montmorenci. We register at the little hotel, pay the admit 
tance fee, and by a short path reach the Falls, 250 feet high, and 
50 feet wide. A solid mass of water rolls over the black bluff o1 
rocks, is shattered into feathery foam, falls like a gossamer veil 
of beauty into the stream below, and disappears in the St. Law¬ 
rence. Small streams on each side, parted strands of light, follow 
the rocky seams in a delightful tangle down the chasm. A sus¬ 
pension bridge erected over the Falls fell some years ago while & 
laborer and his family were crossing in a rude cart. The towers 
stand as monuments of the mournful tragedy. The Falls are in 
winter the scene of the rare fun of coasting, known in local 
phrase as “ tobogganing.” The spray from the river forms lofty 
cones, down which gentlemen and ladies slide on their “tobog 
gins,” or long, thin, narrow pieces of wood. The Isle of Orleans 
reached by ferry, is a point of interest, and should be visited. 

Below Quebec are many popular resorts. The Saguenay River, 
132 miles below, is a famous river, much frequented by both Amen 
cans and Canadians. During the pleasure season, steamers of 
the St. Lawrence Steamboat Navigation Co. leave Quebec every 
day except Sunday and Monday, on the arrival of steamers from 
Montreal These steamers are elegant and comfortable, thoroughly 
furnished and carefully handled. On the trip, nine miles from 
Quebec, we pass the Island of Orleans, sometimes called Isle of 
Bacchus, from its abundant wild grapes. . It is twenty miles long, 
and at its greatest width six miles wide, very fertile, and dotted 

117 


NORTHERN RESORTS . 


with villages. Sixty or seventy miles below we pass the mouth 
of St Anne River and a village of the same name. About twc 
miles from the village are the Falls of St. Anne, and the scene 
above the cataract is very grand. The natural scenery of the vi¬ 
cinity is delightful, and the place is frequently visited. Five 
miles below we pass Grosse Isle, the “Quarantine,” a spot full 
of the wreck of human hopes. Here in one grave the bodies of 
about 6,000 Irish emigrants lie interred. Ninety miles from 
Quebec the first landing-place is Malbaie or Murray Bay, a favor¬ 
ite watering-place for the better class of French Canadians. 
The Lome House, with its connected cottages, is a comfortable 
hotel. Steaming across the river, which is twenty miles wide 
with eighteen-feet tides, with seals, porpoises, and whales playing 
in its water, we strike Riviere du Loup on the south shore, and 
the eastern terminus of the Grand Trunk, as it is the western 
terminus of the Intercolonial Railroad from St. John, Halifax, 
etc. About six miles pleasant drive from here is 

CACOUNA, 

the Newport of Canada, where thousands of visitors enjoy sea 
bathing in the summer. The temperature of the air is always 
delightful here. St. Lawrence Hall accommodates 500 guests in 
large, airy rooms, fitted with every comfort and convenieice. 
Every provision is made for indoor and outdoor amusement. 
The house commands from its windows and balconies magnificent 
seaward views; vessels being distinctly visible at a distance at 
sea. Guests here combine driving, fishing, boating and sea¬ 
bathing. The hotel omnibuses meet the trains at Cacauna 
Station, and the steamers at Riviere du Loup wharf. 

Opposite Riviere du Loup, about two-hours’ sail, is Tadousao, 
at the mouth of Saguenay. Here is a fine hotel and sea-bathing. 
Many handsome villas have been erected here, including one built 
by His Excellency Earl Duffer In. The place was, from an early 
period, the capital of the French settlements, and of the chief fur¬ 
trading posts. The ruins of a Jesuit establishment are found here; 
and on this spot the first stone and mortar building erected in 
,merica stood, the home of Father Marquette, the explorer of tlw 

JLjlvj 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Mississippi Valley. A cluster of pine trees over 200 years old, in 
the centre of these ruins, marks the spot. 



Cape Eternity, Saguenay River. 

The Saguenay, the largest tributary of the St. Lawrence, is 
unquestionably one of the most remarkable rivers on this conti¬ 
nent. Its source is in St. John’s Lake, which is fortv miles long 
and lies 150 miles from the St. Lawrence, and nearly due north 
of Quebec. The scenery is wild and romantic in the highest de¬ 
gree, especially in its upper half, which runs through unbroken 
wilderness, over rapids and falls, so as to be navigable only for 
the Indian canoe. The lower half has wonderful scenery. The 
granite shores, the imposing bluffs—some of them towering high 
in air, and seeming ready at any moment to precipitate their huge 
mass upon you—the smooth-sided rocky promontories, 600 to 900 
feet high, the echoes—all make a picture of awful grandeur that 
no descriptio can reproduce. Ha ! Ha ! Bay is the limit of steam 
navigation, sixty miles from the St. Lawrence. This Bay is a 
beautiful expanse of water, receding from the river several miles. 
At the head of it is the village of Grand Bay, the usual resort f<* 
t&ose who wish to remain a few days. 

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NORTHERN RESORTS. 


LAKE CHAMPLAIN. 


JjUR first introduction to this beautiful sheet of water, in 
approaching from the eastward, is near Richmond, Yt, 
where for the first time we look across its valley and see the 
noble range of the Adirondacks from base to summit. 

Lake Champlain was discovered in 1609—the same year that 
Hendrick Hudson, with his sturdy crew, anchored the “Half- 
Moon ” in New York harbor. Samuel Champlain, with two white 
followers, under the guidance of a party of Indians, was the dis¬ 
coverer, and the lake is a lasting memorial of his enterprise, as 
the Hudson River preserves the name and fame its explorer. 

The first account that we have of Lake Champlain is the his¬ 
tory of the warlike expedition on which Champlain went, with 
his Indian guides, against the Iroquois; and from that time until 
the close of the last war with England, the lake was often the 
scene of conflicts between Indians, or French, or English, or 
Americans, or all four together. The most important battle was 
that of Plattsburg, which took place on September 11, 1814. The 
American and British fleets were engaged in a fierce fight on the 
lake, while their respective armies fought on shore. This double 
combat ended in the total defeat of the British, and was one of 
the most hotly-contested battles of the war. 

Plattsburg is but one of the many places on the lake which are 
of great historic interest. During the “Old French war,” while 
France still held possession of the Canadas, the English main¬ 
tained garrisons along the shores, and flotillas on the water. 
These two great European powers brought their ancient feuds 
across the Atlantic with them, and were constantly seeking one 
another’s destruction. The horrors of this desultory warfare 
were increased by the barbarities perpetrated by the Indian allies 
of both parties. Crown Point and Ticonderoga, near the outlet 
of Lake George, are both famous— the latter as the site of the old 
fort, which was captured, with its British garrison, by Ethan 
Allen and his brave Green Mountain Boys. 

Valcour Island, a few miles south of Plattsburg, is near the 
scene of Arnold’s disastrous engagement with the British in 
1776. That gallant officer then stood high in public estimation, 
and on this occasion fully sustained his reputation for skill and 

120 



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NORTHERN RESORTS. 


bravery, in covering the retreat of his flotilla. The battles of 
Bennington and Hubbardston, and the line of Burgoyne’s march, 
were all on or near the shores of Lake Champlain, and add a 
never-dying interest to its magnificent scenery. 

Lake Champlain is 150 miles long, and varies in width from a 
few hundred yards to thirteen miles. Its waters are clear, deep 
and cold, and w r ell stocked with fish of various kinds, affording 
excellent sport for the angler. In the spring and fall thousands 
of wild ducks make this their feeding-ground, and the wild lands 
west of the lake abound with all kinds of game. 

For purposes of commerce the lake is of great consequence. 
Its depth is, in some places, 300 feet, so that vessels of heavy 
burden can navigate its waters. Large quantities of lumber are 
delivered at its ports, Burlington being the principal market. 

Lake George is connected with Lake Champlain both geo¬ 
graphically and historically, being joined to it by an outlet, not 
navigable on account of its rapids, and having been the scene of 
many battles, sieges, and massacres, during the wars of early times. 

The most memorable of these is the fearful massacre at Fort 
William Henry, where a hotel of the same name now stands. The 
fort was occupied by an English garrison, under command of 
Col. Monroe, which for several days bravely resisted the attack 
of a greatly superior force of French and Indians, but was finally 
obliged to surrender. The terms of capitulation were, that the 
garrison should be permitted to march out with the honors of 
war, taking with them certain specified stores. An escort was to 
be furnished them to Fort Edward. As soon as they were fairly 
out of the fort the Indians, regardless of the terms of surrender, 
fell upon them, and an indiscriminate massacre of 1,500 persons 
ensued, the French taking no steps to prevent it. 

The battle of Lake George took place near the head of the lake 
in 1755. The contending parties were French and English, un¬ 
der Baron Dieskau and Sir William Johnson. The French were 
defeated, and their commander killed. Lake George is justly 
celebrated for its beautiful scenery. The lake is thirty-six miles 
long, and about three miles broad at its widest part. Some of 
the most thrilling scenes in Cooper’s novel, “ The Last of the 
Mohicans,” are laid in the vicinity of “The Horicon,” as the 
Indians are said to have called this beautiful lake. 

_ 121 











NORTHERN REPORTS. 


THE ADIRONDACK MOUNTAINS. 

I N crossing Lake Champlain, and while following its eastern 
shores on the railway, the traveler is constantly in sight 
of the mysterious wild region of Northern New York. The 
line of blue summits against the western sky is in the heart of 
this region, and any one who is acquainted with the mountains 
can readily point out Tahawus, Whiteface, and others of the 
great mountain brotherhood, which watches over the country 
from Ontario to the Green Mountains. This wilderness is nearlj 
a hundred miles in diameter, and is nominally divided into 
several tracts, such as the Saranacs, the Chateaugay, etc. The 
Adirondacks are, properly, the mountainous region occupying 
the eastern part of the wilderness, but the name is often used in 
referring to the whole uninhabited district. Notwithstanding 
the numerous hunters and fishermen who go into the woods, 
game and fish are still abundant. Deer are protected by law during 
the breeding season, and are increasing in number. 

The whole Adirondack region is intersected and diversified by 
a network of lakes and streams which render it picturesque and 
beautiful in an almost unequaled degree. These systems of water 
communication afford very convenient means of transit for hunt¬ 
ers and pleasure-seekers, the lakes being connected by streams, 
in some cases navigable for batteaux, and in others broken by 
falls and rapids, around which boats and luggage must be carried. 

Iron is found in large quantities among the mountains and some 
of the most accessible beds of ore are profitably worked. Marble 
is also found, of a valuable quality. It is probable that a large 
portion of this tract will always be wild and almost uninhabited, 
save by the hunter or pleasure-seeker, for it is so inaccessible 
that the traffic which invites a large population could hardly 
ever reach its central portions, even if the land were sufficiently 
fertile and easily cultivated to invite settlers. 

The wilderness may be easily reached from Plattsburg by sev¬ 
eral different routes, partly by carriage-roads and partly by boats, 
which latter will convey the tourist to almost any part of the 
woods which he wishes to visit. Another favorite route to the 
woods is from Port Kent, whence stages convey the tourist to 
Keeseville, Au Sable Forks and the Saranac Lakes, whence by 
boats and “ carries ” he can go to the heart of the wilderness, 

m 


THE ADIRONDACK MOUNTAINS. 

The Shortest, Quickest and Most Comfortable Rail and Stage Routes. 

Get your tickets via ALBANY, TROY AND SARATOGA SPRINGS. These 
points are reached from New York via Day or Night Steamboats on the 
Hudson River and the New York Central and Hudson River, or the West 
Shore Railways. 

From BOSTON AND NEW ENGLAND, take Boston and Albany, Hoosac 
Tunnel or other Railways leading to Albany or Troy or Saratoga. 

From SOUTHERN NEWENGLAND, the Hartford and Connecticut Western, 
and New York, New England Railways lead to the Hudson River and connect 
with New York Central, or West Shore Railways and the Day Boats for 
Albany, Troy and Saratoga. 

From the WEST and SOUTHWEST, by the Erie Railway via Binghamton, 
or via the New York Central Railroad. 

From ALBANY or TROY, take the Delaware and Hudson Canal Co's Rail¬ 
road to either of the following 

GATEWAYS. 

From PLATTSBURG, take the Chateaugay Railroad, 36 miles to Lyon 
Mountain, thence by stage 4 miles to “ Ralph's " on upper Chateaugay Lake. 

From AU SABLE (20 miles west of Plattsburg on branch railroad). Stages 
leave here every morning (Sundays excepted) on arrival of early trains, for 
French's, 18 miles ; Franklin Falls, 20 miles ; Bloomingdale, 28 miles ; Loon 
Lake House , on Loon Lake, 28 miles ; Rainbow House , on Rainbow Lake, 35 
miles; Martin's, on Saranac Lake, 87 miles; Paul Smith's , on SI. Regis Lake, 
38 miles ; Prospect House, on Saranac Lake , 41 miles ; Bartlett's, on Saranac 
Lake, 49 miles. 

From PORT KENT. Stages leave here from every train for Keeseville, 6 
miles, stopping at Lake View House (Au Sable Chasm). Stages leave Keeseville 
7 or Au Sable station, 17 miles, where connection is made for all above points. 

From WESTPORT. Stages to Elizabethtoivn, 8 miles, from all trains and 
Champlain Steamers. From Elizabethtown a daily line of stages is run, or 
conveyance may be taken, for KeeneValley , 17 miles; Edmond's Pond, 19 miles; 
Schroon Lake , 32 miles; Lake Placid, 28 miles ; Saranac Lake, 43 miles. 

From Elizabethtown delightful trips are made into the Mountain region, 
through Keene Valley via Indian Pass , and to Au Sable Pond, one of the most 
beautiful spots in the Wilderness, also via North Elba, Lake Placid and 
Wilmington Notch, passing immediately under the shadow of Whiteface and 
Haystack Mountains, and out at Au Sable station , or return to Elizabethtown. 

From CROWN POINT. Take Crown Point Iron Co.’s Railroad to Ham* 
viondville, 10 miles. Stages leave Hammondville for Paradox Lake, 9 miles, 
and Schroon Lake, 12 miles. 

From SARATOGA via Adirondack Company's Railroad. Trains leave 
Saratoga 9.35 a.m., 2.40 p.m., for Luzerne, 22 miles ; Riverside. 50 miles ; and 
North Creek, 57 miles. 

Stages leave Riverside from all trains, to Schroon Lake, 7 miles, to southern 
end, then by steamer to all landings through to head of the lake. Stages and 
private conveyances leave North Creek on arrival of all trains, for Blue 
Mountain Lake, 30 miles. Steamers from Blue Mountain Lake twice daily to 
Raquette Lake , and by carry of $ mile to Forked Lake . 


THE ADIRONDACK^ 

HOTELS IN THE ADIRONDACKS, 


RESORT. 


Au Sable t'hasm. 
Blue Mountain Lake 


Cliateaugay Lake.. 
Edmonds Pond.... 
Elizabethtown. 


Forked Lake 
Keene Valley 


HOTELS. 


L -ke Placid. 


Long Lake. 

4i 

Loon Lake. 
Luzerne.... 


N. Elba, Clear Lake 


Paradox Lake. 


Plattsburg. 

Rainbow Lake. 
Raquette Lake. 


Saranac Lake. 


Schroon Lake. 


Schroon 
St. Regis 


River. 

Lake. 


Tupper Lake. 
Westport. 

44 

Wilmington.. 


Lake View House.... . 

Blue Mountain Lake House... 

Blue Mountain House. 

Prospect House . 

“ Ralph's " .. 

Cascade House. 

The Windsor . 

Mansion House... 

Valley House. 

Forked l ake House. 

Estes House. 

Crawford’s. 

Tahawus House. 

Maple Grove Mountain House 

Hull’s. . 

Widow Beede’s. 

Beede House. 

Allen House. 

Grand View House. 

Stevens House. 

Nash’s. 

Lake Placid House. 

Long Lake Hotel. 

Kellogg’s. 

Loon Lake House . 

Wayside . 

Rockwell's . 

Wilcox House. 

Cascade House. 

Adirondack Lodge. 

Mountain View House. 

Paradox Lake House. 

Harris House. 

Pyramid Lake House. 

Foquet House . 

Rainbow Lake House. 

Raquette Lake House. 

“ Under the Hemlocks ”. 

Hathorne Forest Cottage.... 

Saranac Lake House.. 

Bartlett’s.. 

Prospect House.. 

Corey’s.. 

Schroon Lake House.. 

Leland House.. 

Windsor House.. 

Wells House.. 

Taylor House. 

Pottersville Hotel. 

Root’s Hotel.. 

“Paul Smith's" . 

Moody’s.... 

McClure’s... 

Allen House.. 

Weed House.. 

Stone Hotel.. 

Notch House. 


CAP 

POST-OFFICE. 

200 

An Sable Chasm, N. T 

300 

Blue Mt. Lake, 

44 

60 

44 

44 

500 

44 

44 

150 

Lyon Mountain, 

44 

50 

Cascadeville, 

44 

200 

Elizabethtown, 

44 

125 

44 

44 

100 

44 

44 

100 

Blue Mt. Lake, 

44 

35 

Keene Valley, 

44 

25 

44 

44 

85 

44 

44 

30 

4 4 

44 

25 

44 

44 

35 

44 

44 

130 

44 

44 

100 

North Elba, 

44 

50 

44 

44 

80 

44 

44 

20 

44 

44 

60 

44 

44 

50 

Long Lake, 

44 

50 


44 

275 

Merrillsville, 

44 

200 

Luzerne, 

44 

160 

44 

44 

100 

44 

44 

50 

44 

44 

150 

Cascadeville, 

44 

35 

44 

44 

50 

Schroon Lake, 

44 

40 

Hammondsville, 

44 

40 

44 

44 

100 

Plattsburg, 

«4 

50 

Bloomingdale, 

44 

40 

Blue Mt. Lake, 


40 

44 

44 

30 

44 

44 

250 

Saranac Lake, 

46 

75 

44 

46 

100 

Bloomingdale, 

44 

20 

Saranac Lake, 

44 

80 

Schroon Lake, 

44 

200 

44 

46 

100 

44 

<4 

100 

Adirondack, 

66 

100 

South Schroon, 

64 

40 

Pottersville, 

64 

50 

Schroon River, 

44 

350 

“ Paul Smith’s,” 

64 

50 

Saranac Lake, 

44 

100 

44 

44 

20 

Westport, 

44 

100 

44 


40 

20 

Wilmington, 

44 

¥ 

44 




















































































































CLARENDON HOUSE, 

Clarendon Springs, Vt. 

MURRAY BROTHERS, - - Proprietors. 

Open from Juno to October. 


Hotel and Three Cottages Accommodating 200 Guests. 

Farm of 170 Acres connected with the Hotel. 


TERMS. 

Board, per week, - - ' - $8.00, $10.00 and $12 00 

Children, - - - - - $5.00 and $6.00 

Servants, - - - - - - - $5.00 

Day Board, - - - - - $2.00 

Carriages at West Rutland to meet all regular Railroad Trains. 
Telegraph communication, Livery and Boarding Stables connected with the 
house. Warm and Cold Baths. Cool nights and no mosquitoes. Music, 
Billiards, Bowling, etc. Pleasant drives and beautiful scenery in every 
direction. References, if desired, in all principal cities. Sanitary arrange¬ 
ments of the house first-class. Send for Pamphlet with description. 


CLARENDON SPRINGS, 

Discovered in the Historic Year of 1776. 

Unequaled for Curing all Impurities of the Blood , Liver Complaint, Dyspepsia , 
Dropsy, and for liestoring Appetite and Physical Strength. 

This water has no sediment, is delicious to drink, health-giving, and is 
a fine water for bathing. As a choice table water helping digestion and 
sharpening the appetite, these waters will be found invaluable. 

ALrr-ALLi-srsxs: 

One gallon, or 235 inches of water contains: 

Carbonic Acid Gas, . - . - - - 46.16 cubic inch 

Nitrogen Gas, - - - . _ . 9 53 “ 

Carbonate of Lime ...... 3.02 grains. 

Muriate of Lime, Sulphate of Soda and Sulphate of Magnesia, 2.74 “ 

One hundred cubic inches of the gas which was evolved from the water 
consisted of— 

Carbonic Acid Gas, ....... o.05 cubic inch 

Oxygen Acid Gas, - - . . _ . 150 «* 

Nitrogen Acid Gas, - - _ 98.45 “ 

Dr. Augustus A. Hayes, State Assayer for Massachusetts, says: 
“ It is ft remarkable water, containing nitrogen dissolved.” 

Bottled and Delivered by Union Bottling Co., 

Nos. 240, 242 and 244 East 20th Street, New York. 







CLARENDON SPRINGS, VERMONT, 

Clarendon , Rutland Co., Vt. 3 Miles from West Rutland. 

These springs are on the west side of the Tinmouth river, 
among the beautiful hills of Vermont, three miles from West 
Rutland Station, on the Delaware and Hudson Canal Co’s Rail¬ 
road. They are about 170 miles from Boston, 90 from Albany, 60 
from Saratoga Springs, and 25 from Whitehall. The scenery 
about the springs is of peculiar beauty, even for Vermont, while 
the splendid roads afford excellent opportunity for drives and 
views of this delightful region. Many prominent peaks and 
spurs of the Green Mountains are within a few miles, and may 
be seen from the lower hills that surround the springs. Killington, 
Pico. Little Pico, and Shrewsbury Pe iks of the Green Mountains, 
Spruce Knob and BirJ’s-Eye Peaks, add grandeur and picturesque¬ 
ness to this region. Amid this charming scenery, nature 
has sent forth one of her life-giving fountains, rarely excelled 
in rich medicinal properties or healing efficacy. The following, 
taken from the Geological Survey of Vermont, Vol. II, describes 
the discovery of these valuable waters. ‘‘These springs were 
doubtless among the first ever visited for their medicinal virtues, 
and are more resorted to than any others in the State. Tradi¬ 
tion informs us that their medicinal character was first discovered 
in 1776, by Asa Smith, who resided in the town. He is reported 
to have 4 dreamed ’ of a spring in the western part of the town, 
and, full of faith, started in search of the water that would 
restore him to health. Arriving at this spot, he recognized it 
as the one he had seen in his dream, and accordingly drank of 
the waters, and bound clay saturated with it upon his swollen 
and inflamed limbs. The scrofulous humor which for years had 
been a source of continual annoyance, at once yielded to the 
potent influence of the water, and the man was soon restored 
to perfect health.” Many residents of Rutland and vicinity 
testify to a number of cures of obstinate diseases by drinking this 
water. The best effects are obtained by taking it fresh from the 
spring, where all its miner .1 properties, combine with the fresh 
mountain air, to restore health and strength. The large hotel 
and some cottages near the Springs, supply all the conveniences 
of our best summer resorts. Warm and cold baths, billiards, 
bowling, a livery and boarding stable, and telegraph communi* 
cation to all parts of the country . re connected with the hotel. 

Ill 


The Paper for the People. 

The Springfield Union. 

An Evening Paper that gives the News of the 
Day while it is News. 


Its readers pronounce it “ the best paper in New 
England,” and its circulation increases so steadily and 
rapidly that its readers evidently mean what they say. 

The UNION is an eight paged paper, which is fur¬ 
nished at the marvelously low price of Six DOLLARS 
a year or Fifty Cents a month. If you don’t take the 
Union now, give it a trial. 

The Weekly UNION, issued every Thursday morn¬ 
ing, is a first-class weekly paper that goes into all 
parts of New England and into all parts of the world 
where New England people go. The Weekly is only 
One Dollar per year. If you are too far away from 
Springfield to get the Daily UNION promptly, try 
the Weekly. 

The Union, Daily or Weekly, is one of the best 
advertising mediums in the country. Advertising rates 
and specimen copies furnished on application. 

Address, 

The Union, 

Springfield, Mass. 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 

Alburgh Springs. 

Alburgh, Franklin Co., Vermont, 282 miles from Boston. 

Alburgh is situated in the extreme northern part of Vermont, 16 
miles west of St. Albans, and 7 east of Rouse’s Point, on the Central 
Vermont Railroad. It is beautifully located between Lake Champlain 
and Missisquoi Bay, and is surrounded by water on all sides, except 
the northern, where, only a mile and a half from the Springs, the Can¬ 
ada line—marked by its iron monuments—divides the two countries. 

In approaching Alburgh Station, on the Central Vermont Railroad, 
from St. Albans, the traveler passes over an admirably constructed 
bridge a mile long, supported by massive piers of “Isle La Motte ” 
limestone. A short, pleasant drive, following the lake shore, con¬ 
ducts to the famous Alburgh Springs House. The cool, refreshing 
breezes that come up from the waters of the lake are most delightful 
during the heat of summer, and the waters of the lake and bay on 
either hand offer allurement to the sportsman. The climate is an anti¬ 
dote for asthma and catarrhal or hay fever. 

Missisquoi Bay (so named by the Indians, signifying “ much water- 
fowl ”) is here about two miles wide, and teems with finny tribe 
throughout its entire length of 30 miles. Pickerel, black bass and 
muscalonge abound. In the late summer the bay swarms with ducks 
and other water fowl. Missisquoi River, which empties into the bay 
near by, is stocked with land-locked salmon and other game fish. 
Good boats and experienced boatmen are to be had at all times. 

The views from the springs are very charming. To the east, over 
the placid waters of the Missisquoi, may be seen St. Albans, while in 
the background tower Mount Mansfield, Camel’s Hump, Jay Peak, 
and, further north, a long range of mountains in Canada. From a little 
elevation, of easy access, there is a beautiful view across Lake Cham¬ 
plain to Rouse’s Point and the Adirondack Mountains. The gorgeous 
sunsets seen from this point will never be forgotten. 

There is no question as to the beneficial results of the spring water, 
which, with sulphur and other well-known elements, contains what is 
rare in mineral springs— Lithia. For general debility, rheumatism, 
and various ki ids of cutaneous diseases especially, the warm baths 
and the drinking of the water of the spring are highly beneficial. 
Money could not pay for the benefit to which many can bear testi¬ 
mony. For a century the spring has carried the weight of its own 
evidence as a healing power. 124 


THE TROY TIMES. 



Daily Times 

72,000 READERS, 

$10 per Annum. 


Weekly Times, 


125,000 READERS, 


$1 per Annum. 

The 

Trot Times is 
the only Daily of note 
published north of Albany 
to Montreal, east to Springfield, 

Mass., and west to Utica. Best adver¬ 


tising medium in the interior. Rates from 
12>2 to 40 cts. per line, each insertion. Si ecial 
ra es to Summer Resorts and Educational Insti¬ 
tutions. The Weekly Times at one dollar 
pe year, sent postage free. Corre¬ 
spondence from London, New 
York, Boston Washington, 
and two hundred local 
correspondents 


Best Advertising Medium. 
Reading Matter on 
every Page. 


and reporters 


News, Gossip, Fashions, 
Correspondence, 
Markets. 


J. M, FRANCIS, SON & CO., PuRlisUers, Troy, New Tort 
















































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


THE OGDENSBURG AND LAKE CHAMPLAIN ROUTE. 

This route departs from the main route to Montreal at St. Al¬ 
bans, and runs north-west over the Central Vermont R. R. to 
Rouse’s Point, thence west over the Ogdensburg and Lake Cham¬ 
plain R. R., to Chateaugay, Malone, Norwood, and Ogdensburg, 
where connection is made with the steamers for the West, and at 
Prescott, opposite, with the steamers for Montreal and Quebec, 
or Toronto and Niagara Falls. Parties to the Adirondacks take 
this route to Moira, for entering "the woods” from the north 
side. The Northern Adirondack Railroad runs from Moira 35 
miles to Paul Smith’s Station, from which station, points in the 
Northern Adirondacks are reached. Through sleeping-cars are 
run from New York to Paul Smith’s Station during the summer. 

The most direct route from Boston to Montreal is by way cf 
St. John’s, but the pleasure-seeker will find himself well re¬ 
paid by taking the railway to Ogdensburg, and thence steamer 
down the St. Lawrence to Montreal. 

SW ANTON, 

Swanton, Franklin Go., VI., 275 m.fr. Boston. 

This village is near the Missisquoi River. The country is 
gently undulating, rising into higher elevations as it recedes from 
the lake. Crossing one or two minor inlets we soon reach Missis¬ 
quoi Bay, which is crossed on trestle-work. The shores of the 
bay are for the most part densely wooded and very level. 

ALBURG SPRINGS, 

Alburg, Franklin Co., Vt., 282 m. fr. Boston. 

Alburg Springs are on a peninsula between Missisquoi Bay and 
Lake Champlain, near the outlet of the latter. There is a large 
new hotel at this place, and besides the spring there are pleasant 
drives, good fishing, and charming lake scenery in all directions, 
for Alburg is almost an island. 

ALBURG, 

Alburg, Franklin Go., Vt., 285 m.fr. Boston.. 

The country here is mostly clear of woods, and is quite level to 
the lake shore, along which, for some distance, the track is laid. 

WEST ALBURG, 

Alburg, Franklin Co., Vt., 287 m.fr. Boston. 

A cluster of houses, a light-house, and a railway station eom- 

125 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


pose the village of Alburg, which is opposite Housers Point, 
Crossing the la>ke on a trestle bridge a mile long, the traveler 
can look several miles up and down the lake. 

HOUSE’S POINT, 

Champlain , Clinton Co ., N. Y, 288 m. fr. Boston. 

Hotel.— Holland House. 

The scenery of the north part of the lake is very fine, embrac¬ 
ing a view of numerous islands and points of lands of muc-b 
beauty. Rouse’s Point is a village of about 2,000 population, and 
contains several churches. The village was named in honor of 
Jacques Rouse, a Canadian, who settled here in 1783. The Og- 
densburg and Lake Champlain Railroad runs to Ogdensburg, 
and the Central Vermont Railroad to St. Albans and the East. 
The latter railroad crosses the lake on a bridge one mile in length. 
A floating draw of three hundred feet, opened and shut by 
steam, admits the passage of vessels. From Rouse’s Point the 
Grand Trunk R. R. runs north through St. John’s to Montreal, 
49 miles distant, and the Delaware and Hudson Canal Co.’s 
R. R. runs south to Plattsburg, Whitehall, Saratoga, Troy and 
Albany. About one mile north of the village, upon the banks of 
the lake, Fort Montgomery is situated. This fort commands the 
entrance to the lake. It was begun soon after the war of 1812, 
but in 1818 it was found to be within the limits of Canada, and 
the work was abandoned. It became known as “ Fort Blunder,” 
but by the Webster Treaty of 1842 it was ceded again to the 
United States. Work upon it was resumed, and the fort com¬ 
pleted at the cost of about $600,000. 

CHAMPLAIN, 

Champlain , Clinton Co., JV. Y., 293 -m.fr. Boston. Pop. 2,000. 

Hotels. —Champlain and Mansion. 

Soon after leaving Rouse’s Point, the plain which borders Lake 
Champlain rises into ridges, which are in some places 200 feet 
above the lake. Champlain is on the Great Chazy River , which 
is navigable nearly to the village, and thence upwards furnishes 
abundant water-power, to which the village owes its prosperity. 
The principal manufacturing interests are in planing-mills, iron 
foundri§S| and a carriage factory. The village has a very neat 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


and prosperous look, and a larger number of tasteful and sab 
Btantial houses line its streets than is usual in a village of itc 
size. The soil of the town is fertile, where not absolutely unim¬ 
provable. At Rouse’s Point the traveler may notice patches of 
limestone, which geological formation extends along the lake 
Bhore to that place; but as we advance westward this is suc¬ 
ceeded by calciferous sand-rock, seldom showing above the sur¬ 
face of the ground. 

PERRY’S MILLS, 

Champlain, Clinton Co., N. Y., 296 m.fr. Boston. 

A lumber station on Chazy River. 

MOOER’S, 

Mooer's, Clinton Co., N. Y., 301 m.fr. Boston. 

The country is level, and across the wide plain the Adirondack® 
may be seen to the southward. Soon after leaving the station we 
cross the Chazy River. We are now fairly in the sandstone region, 
as may be frequently seen by out-croppings of that rock, and by 
the banks of almost every stream which the track crosses. Near 
the northwestern comer of the town is a curious chasm known as 
The Gulf. This remarkable depression is about 300 feet deep, 
and 16 rods wide. Its sides are perpendicular walls of sandstone, 
and at the bottom is a pond said to be 150 feet deep, whose sur¬ 
face is hardly ever rippled by a breeze, and whose waters feel the 
rays of the suu only during the summer months. 

CENTREVILLE, 

Mooer's, Clinton Co., N. Y., 305 m.fr. Boston. 

The village, seen to the left of the station, has about 40 houses, 
standing mostly on the hillside which slopes to Chazy River. 
There are usually large piles of lumber, shingles, and tan-baik 
near the station, indicating the principal business of the inhabi 
tants. The village has a United States custom-house. 

WOOD’S FALLS, 

Altona, Clinton Co., N. Y., 307 m.fr. Boston. 

A saw-mill on the river, and charcoal pits, are the only signs of 
activity at this station. 

ALTONA, 

Altona, Clinton Co., N. Y. t 310 m. fr. Boston. 

A few scattered houses and oabins are near the station. Th« 

127 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


woods are being cleared off ; but not much of the land is fertile 
and in the town are hundreds of acres of bare sandstone rock. 

ELLENBURG, 

EUenburg, Clinton Co ., N. Y., 318 m.fr. Boston. 

Passing these flag stations, viz. : Irona, Forest, and Dannemora, 
we reach EUenburg, standing in a broad, shallow valley, through 
which runs English River, a tributary of the Chazy. The coun¬ 
try here has a more fertile and cultivated look than that at the 
last few stations. The lumber trade, in its various forms, affords 
occupation to most of the inhabitants. The main village of Ellen- 
Durg is 2 or 3 miles west of the station. It contains about 1,000 
inhabitants. West of the station the track passes through a 
rock-cutting, whose strata are so regular as to look like masonry, 
and the natural outcroppings of the rock in this vicinity have the 
same character. Brandy Brook is a flag station. Clinton Mills. 
At this latter are large mifls, and enormous quantities of lumber 
both in logs and sawn, ready for transportation. A store and a 
few comfortable houses compose the settlement. 

CHERUBUSCO, 

Clinton, Clinton Co., N. T., 326 m. fr. Boston. 

This is the summit station on the R. R., and the few houses 
and cabins which are in sight hardly amount to a village. A few 
miles west of the station, a magnificent view opens to the north¬ 
ward, fully justifying the name. The whole breadth of the St. 
Lawrence Valley lies in sight. The distant river may be seen 
with sails and steamers upon its bosom, and on both sides of it 
stretch away miles and miles of forest and meadow, making alto¬ 
gether a landscape such as can seldom be seen from the windows 
of a railway carriage. 

CHATEAUGAY, 

Chateaugay, Franklin Co ., N. Y., 334 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 2,000. 

This is a compact village, overlooking the wide and beautiful 
St. Lawrence Valley almost from Montreal to Ogdensburg. 
Chateaugay Lake, the source of the river of tne same name, is 
only a few miles distant, and is easily reached from this place. 
That portion of the Adirondack wilds, known as the Chateaugay 
Woods, with its extensive system of lakes and rivers, is best 


NORTE ERR RESORTS. 


reached from this station, where wagons for the accommodation of 
tourists are constantly ready during the summer months. Half 
a mile east of the village is a spring, the waters of which contain 
bubbles of nitrogen gas, and which is remarkable for its eccentric 
habits, flowing sometimes for two years with sufficient volume to 
turn a mill, and then remaining entirely dry for an uncertain 
length of time. The chief object of interest near the village is a 
chasm 200 feet deep in the rock through which the Chateaugay 
falls. The water has worn the sandstone into countless fantastic 
shapes, some of which can be seen as the railway crosses the 
river, just beyond the station. The lower end of the chasm may 
be seen from the car windows on the left. In crossing the 
stream, the track is 160 feet above the water. The town was 
sacked by the British in 1814. In 1856, it was visited by a de 
structive tornado. 

BURKE, 

Burke , Franklin County , N. T. 338 m. fr. Boston. 

A small village, with saw-mills and a few houses. The stream, 
which is crossed a little beyond the station, is East Trout River, 
and a few miles further on its sister stream, West Trout Rivet, 
will be seen. We begin to draw near to a range of hills on the 
left. 

MALONE, 

Malone , Franklin County, N. Y., 346 miles from Boston. 
Pop., Village , 4,200 ; Township , 8,000. Hotel.— Ferguson H use. 
Stages to Constable, Westville, Fort Covington, and Saranac Lakes , 
daily. To Au Sable Forks weekly. 

Malone is the county town of Franklin, and is the most impor¬ 
tant station on the railway. It is situated on Salmon River. The 
station house is a handsome structure of brick, sufficiently large to 
accommodate the railway business of this region for some years to 
come. The main street of Malone is broad, and lined with hand¬ 
some stores and public buildings. The old station and machine- 
shops are built of the sandstone found in this region. They may 
be seen from the cars. This stone is very delicate in color, and 
is said to be perfectly good for ordinary building purposes. The 
Saranac Lakes snd hunting-grounds may be easily reached from 

129 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Malone; stages running regularly to the limit of good wagon 
roads, during the summer months. An incorporated company 
supplies the village with spring water from sources in the range 
of hi lb to the southward. Franklin Academy is a large and well- 
conducted school, situated in a central location, for the accommo 
dation of the inhabitants. 

The large new hotel near the station is the Ferguson House. 
It otfeis excellent accommodations for a large number of guests. 

Soon after leaving the station the track crosses a very deep and 
narrow gorge, through which, far below, may be seen the waters 
of Salmon River, foaming in their narrow channel. 

BANGOR, 

Bangor , Franklin County , N. T. 352 m. fr. Boston. Fr. Og- 
densburg , 54. 

The village of Bangor is about a mile south of the station, in 
the midst of a rich dairy country. 

Bangor is nearly on the level of the St. Lawrence plain, the 
railroad having descended all the time since leaving Summit. 
The country is more highly cultivated, and manifestly more pro¬ 
ductive than that along the eastern half of the railway. 

BRUSH’S MILLS, 

Moira , Franklin Co ., N. T., 358 m. fr. Boston. 

An important wooding station on Little Salmon River, with 
large mills and mill-ponds. The country is well adapted for the 
culture of potatoes, and there are quite extensive factories of 
starch in the vicinity. 

MOIRA, 

Moira, Franklin Co., N. T., 360 m. fr. Boston. 

At this station passengers for the Adirondack Mountains 
take the Northern Adirondack R. R. to Paul Smith's Station, 35 
miles distant. Through sleeping-cars are run from New York 
to Paul Smith’s Station during the summer. 

LAWRENCE, 

Lawrence, St. Lawrence Co., N. T., 367 m.fr. Boston. 

The railway crosses Deer River, a tributary of the St. Regis, 
near the station. The village of Lawrence is on a broad street, 
at right angles to the track. The country is level, and the soil a 

13Q 


RORTHERM RESORTS. 

fertile sandy loam. The geological formation ia calciferous sand 
rock ; but the rock rarely appears on the surface, and is visible 
only along the streams. 

BRASHER FALLS, 

Stockholm, St. Lawrence Go.,N. Y., 37 2m.fr. Boston. Pop. 600 
Hotel —DuntorCs Hotel. 

The main village is a mile below tbe railway station, in the 
township of Brasher, on the St. Regis River, which we cross here 
Falls, just below the station, furnish water-power for several saw¬ 
mills, which prepare a large quantity of lumber for market, cut 
ting it into boards and shingles. 

Extensive beds of bog-iron ore exist in the immediate vicinity 
Destructive fires in the woods swept over this region in 1849 and 
’57, consuming nearly all the buildings in their course. 

After passing the small station of Knopps, we reach 
NORWOOD, 

Potsdam , St. Lawrence Go., N. Y., 383 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 2,000. 
Hotel —Whitney Hotel. 

This village is at the junction of the Potsdam Branch of the 
Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railway leading to Rome, N. 
Y., with the Ogdensburg and Lake Champlain R. R. It has an 
excellent hotel, and considerable lumbering business is carried 
on here. Its older name is Potsdam Junction. 

POTSDAM, 

St. Lawrence Go., N. Y, 387 miles. 

The village of Potsdam, pop. 4,000, is about 4 miles south of 
this station, and is connected with it by the above-named railroad. 
It is a large and thriving village, situated on the Raquette River, 
which has its various sources in the heart of the woods. Lum¬ 
bering is one of the principal branches of industry at Potsdam, 
and the Raquette River drives the wheels of numerous mills and 
factories. A large and flourishing State Normal and Training 
School is located here. It is one of the most flourishing Norma'. 
Schools in the country, and prepares a large number of teachers 
every year. Malcolm MacVicar, Ph. D., is its Principal. The neigh¬ 
boring country is largely devoted to dairy farming, and annually 
sends quantities of butter and cheese to the markets of New York 
and Boston. 


SOUTHERN RESORTS, 


MASSENA SPRINGS. 

8t. Lawrence County, N. T. 

This vUlage takes its name and derives its chief importance 
from the celebrated springs located in it. It is on the Raquett* 
River, about six miles from Norwood and Brasher Falls, on the 
Ogdensburg and Lake Champlain Railroad, and may be reached 
from either place by a short stage ride. From New York and the 
South by N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R. via Utica and Black River, or 
Rome and Watertown to Norwood or Ogdensburg. Thence by 
Ogdensburg and Lake Champlain R. R. to Norwood or Brasher 
Depot. Travellers from Boston and the East take O. & L. C. 
R. R. from Rouse’s Point to Brasher or Norwood. From Chicago 
and the West via Niagara Falls and Lake Ontario to Ogdensburg 
or by N. Y. Central, via Syracuse and Oswego. From Ogdensburg 
a line of steamboats runs during the season to the village In con* 
nection with the steamers from Lake Ontario, St. Lawrence River 
Niagara Falls, the Thousand Islands and Alexandria Bay. Bj 
taking these boats at Ogdensburg the traveller can have a splendid 
sail on the St. Lawrence, passing through the Galloup and Du 
Platte Rapids. The springs have long been celebrated for theii 
curative properties; they are about five miles from the celebrated 
Long Sault Rapids. The climate in this section is very health¬ 
ful, and the scenery is attractive, A writer in Harper’s Monthly, 
No. 37, speaks of the Massena spring as follows : 

“As early as the close of the last century the spring was dis¬ 
covered by surveyors, the oozy ground being marked by the hoof- 
prints of the moose and deer who visited it. The Indians had 
used the water as a remedy for ulcerations, it is said, as long as 
tradition can reach back. As early as 1815 white people occa¬ 
sionally sought relief from cutaneous diseases. The first settler 
at the spring was Capt. John Polly, who purchased the land on 
which the spring is located. About this time a young girl greatly 
afflicted with salt-rheum came, and was completely cured. A 
few years later the Canadian Roman Catholic Bishop, Alexander 
McDonald, came there with the black scrofula, which he had 
contracted in Egypt. He remained a month, and was entirely 
cured. Since then hundreds afflicted with every description ol 
ititaneous diseases, chronic dyspepsia, diarrhoea, gravel, and otliei 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


kidney difficulties rheumatism, etc., have found relief or poritm 
eure. Such is the general testimony. 

Professor Mayer, in the course of his analysis, ascertained th« 
fact that the waters of the Masse na Springs are almost identical with 
those of the celebrated Spa at Baden in Austria, and also that at 
Eilsen in Germany. The waters issue in a copious stream from 
the fountain near the edge of the river bank. It is perfectly 
clenr, cold and sparkling; it emits an odor of sulphuretted hy¬ 
drogen gas, which is a little unpleasant at first, but after drinking 
it for a few days, persons become very fond of it, and prefer it to 
ordinary drinking water, as it is exceedingly satisfying and re¬ 
freshing in its character. Duly elaborated, refined, and fitted 
for the use of man by an all-wise Creator, these waters constitute 
an important addition to our Materia Medica. They come to ua 
with the recommendation not only of their known curative pow¬ 
ers, but also from the fact that their supply being perennial and 
inexhaustible, they are exempt alike from change or adulteration. 
They are offered moreover at the springs with the associated ad¬ 
vantage of pure air, new scenery and enlivening company, for it is 
now understood that pleasure and the graces are also visitors at 
the Fountain of Hygeia. Thus are the best means combined 
together for the renovation of the wasted and sickly frame. 

We append the analysis of the Massena Waters by Prof. Ferd. 
V. Mayer, of the New York College of Pharmacy. 

At the temperature of 60° P. the specific gravity is 1.0317, that of watoi l POfl 

The following exhibit shows the solid and gaseous ingredients. 

A-ln one Litre. B-in one Gallon. 

Chloride of Sodium*’?..1-36795 Gramme., 79.792 Gralr. 


Ohloride of Potassium.0-00871 

Chloride of Magnesium.0.513U8 

Bromide of Magnesium,.0.01155 

Bicarbonate of Lime.nnoosa 

Bicarbonate of Iron..O.UUtwa 

Sulphate of Lime.1-04116 

Sulphate of Soda. 0.06003 

Phosphate of Soda.0.02203 

Myposulphate of Soda.0.0/210 

Bulphurate of Sodium...0.02410 


PUtpUMiwtv --- • - - - 

Silicate of Soda and organic com¬ 
pounds, 


J. 0.19160 
8740448 


0.508 

29.927 

0.673 

4.852 

0.488 

60.931 

3.500 

1.320 

4.205 

1.405 

11.176 

198.678 


jMlphuretted U free... . 0.0155 Grammes t 2i878 * 

Hydrogen 1 b half comb. 0.0175 f 

^ * Per Gallon, 5.307 Cubic Inchf. 

. 133 
















H\)fi TMEUN REHOUT&. 


Ah a general rule all visitors at the Spring ought tc take dailj 
exercise on foot or on horseback. The large Ten Pin Alley will 
afford exercise and amusement combined for both sexes. 

The remedial effects of the spring waters are in many case« 
largely increased by the use of the baths in connection with the 
internal administration of the waters. This is particularly the 
case in rheumatism and cutaneous complaints. No active exer- 
oise, however, should be taken for at least an hour after the chief 
meal, nor should one bathe until a longer period has elapsed. 

The most prominent hotel at Massena Springs is the 
HATFIELD HOUSE, 

kept by the Messrs. Hatfield Brothers. It is a large brick house 
with all the modern improvements—water, gas, and bells in each 
room, billiard-room, bowling-alley, and livery stable attached to 
the hotel—situated on high ground near the springs, and over¬ 
looking the Raquette River, where the guests can always find 
boats for rowing and fishing. The cuisine is excellent, and every 
facility for comfort and enjoyment is offered by the proprietors 
of this superior hotel. Connected with the hotel is a fine shaded 
lawn with croquet grounds and swings, pleasant walks and fine 
flower-beds, while the surrounding country abounds in beautiful 
drives. Near by is the majestic St. Lawrence, celebrated for its 
beautiful scenery and fine fishing. In both these rivers the fa¬ 
mous muscalonge are caught, weighing from twenty to sixty 
pounds, while the black bass, pickerel, and perch are plenty 
enough to suit the most sanguine fishermen. The hunting is un¬ 
equalled. The rivers are covered with all kinds of ducks, and 
the woods abound in partridges. We think very few places can 
offer as many attractions. The sick have the health-giving 
waters ; the fishermen, the finest fishing grounds in the country; 
the hunters, the river and woods with their game ; while the 
pleasant drives will give delight to equestrians. The proprietor! 
aim to assist their guests in making the stay pleasant, and their 
house is first-class in every particular, and kept on a liberal scale. 

WHITE’S HOTEL 

is a smaller house, which is open all the year round. Guests wiD 
receive excellent attention, and find many comforts at this hotel 


EOSTMERE RESORTS. 


Soon after leaving the junction, we cross the Baguette River at 
a point about 5 miles below Potsdam. 

MAD BID. 

Madrid, St. Lawrence Go ., N. Y., 390 m. fr. Boston. Pop. 800. 

Hotel — Frontier House. 

Grass River , a considerable stream, is crossed just east of this 
station. The village is incorporated under the name of “ Colum¬ 
bia" but is, perhaps, better known as Madrid, which is the name 
of the station and township. A large quantity of Canadian freight 
is yearly shipped at this station. The principal articles are barley, 
oats, cattle, and horses. Madrid is a well known butter-making 
town, and the inhabitants pride themselves on their choice butter, 
and the price which it commands in the city markets. 

LISBON. 

Lisbon , St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., 397 rn. fr. Boston. 

A small village along a gentle swell of land. The country hai 
a light and productive soil. Just before entering Ogdensburg, 
the traveler will notice a long and deep earth-cutting, through 
which the railway passes, and which is sodded from top to bottom, 
» pleasing contrast to the glaring sand usual in such plaoea. 

135 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


OGDENSBURG- 

Oswegatchie, St. Lawrence Co. Pop. 12 , 000 . 406 m.fr. Boston* 
Hotels —Seymour House , Windsor House. 

Situated on the St. Lawrence River, whose waters give easy 
communication with the great lakes, and at the termini of three 
railways, namely, the Ogdensburg and Lake Champlain , and the 
Rome, Watertown , Ogdensburg , and the Utica and Black River 
Railways, this town has rapidly grown to a size corresponding 
with the commercial importance of its position. Its present popu¬ 
lation is about 12,000. It is laid out with straight and wide 
streets, on a hillside and plateau just at the mouth of the Oswe- 
gatchie River, which drives the machinery of several factories, 
large dams having been built for the purpose. Ogdensburg is a 
United States port of entry and delivery. A new custom-house 
and post-office has just been built of Ohio sandstone, at a cost of 
about $250,000. It lacks, however, a feature of interest which 
the old custom-house possessed, to wit, the corner-stone of the 
old French Mission House, which was built into the wall over the 
entrance, as a relic of the past. Among the several churches 
may be mentioned the First Presbyterian, a handsome structure 
of stone. Along the east bank of the Oswegatchie are the finest 
private residencies in the city, many of them surrounded by 
handsome gardens and ornamental grounds. The city is supplied 
with water on the Holly System by a corporate company. The 
main street is a busy thoroughfare, lined with handsome stores, 
and evidently doing a large amount of business. There are three 
banks, three newspapers published daily, and several manufac¬ 
tories. 

From the wharf of the passenger station, may be seen on the 
opposite side of the St. Lawrence, the stone windmill where the 
last scene of the Mackenzie Rebellion of 1838 was enacted. There 
a little band of brave, though mistaken “ patriots,” held out for 
nearly a week against several times their number of royal troops 
and militia. Such was the sympathy with the besieged, that the 
American shore was lined with spectators, who cheered any suc¬ 
cess of the “ patriots,” and who were only prevented from joining 
in the fight by a British gunboat in the river. Ogdensburg was 
one of the points selected for a base of operations during the (so 

Uio 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


called) Fenian invasion of Canada, in 1866. Fortunately for th« 
invaders, the Government stopped them in time to save theii 
lives. 

The offices and freight accommodations of the Ogdensburg and 
Lake Champlain Railway are worthy cf examination. Nearly a 
mile of wharfage stretches along the water front, back of which 
are warehouses, cattle and lumber yards, and passenger houses. 
At the eastern end is a grain elevator, which is one of the finest 
in the country, and renders the trans-shipment of grain very 
swift and easy. A steam ferry connects with the Grand Trunk 
Railway of Canada , and the Ottawa and Prescott Railway , con 
necting through the former with all points West. Steamers oi 
the Canadian Navigation Company leave on the arrival of trains, 
and make close connections on arriving from the lakes. The rail* 
way also here connects with the Northern Transportation Com¬ 
pany's line of steam propellers, more than 20 in number, tak¬ 
ing freight and passengers to and from all the principal ports 
of Lakes Ontario, Erie, Huron, and Michigan. Ogdensburg is 
also the northern terminus of the Rome , Watertown , and Ogdens¬ 
burg Railway , which connects at Rome with the New York Cen¬ 
tral Railway and the Utica and Black River R. R. , connecting at 
Utica with the same. Other steamboat commxmications are af¬ 
forded by boats up and down the St. Lawrence and Ottawa 
Rivers, to the Thousand Isles , and other points of resort. 

The passage by steamer down the river, through the rapids, to 
Montreal, is unequaled in the world for excitement and interest, 
and will well repay the tourist the detour from St. Albans to 
make the descent. 


137 




) 


A 


CITY OF MONTREAL. 






































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































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.llfcttawan 

_Ottatra 


Arthabaska 


nradaitrtslr 


Iherbrooke 


Ottawa 


\Lenoxville 


Afest^ 

; nham 


Osgoodt^* 


Clyde 


Coboconk 


Orillia 


Grove 


rgeon 




T. dk'i 


Canton 




Peterboro 


arrie 


moit 


SKHP* N E 

W Bridge 

f-o ''I 


|ngton 

I 

[House 


^anions 


Harwood 


Ntrthfield 

iloxburyy 


orth Conway 


Leicester 
L Junction 


Ft.Ticondfil 
\ ShroM *' 
? LafccnA 
; L Baldwin 


White 

.Rutland ^c, 


Albion • c ' 

tss- 


jfl^ 1 


Claremont 


-X/ Ft. 
’T'Or Edward 


•it WATTRTO^ a Jr as pens 

“ .fj. Y -- * Ar mfla+RlttuZi 


* 0 CO’N CORD 


Bellows 

Falls 


1 ' ag A R 

anti eld 


Manchester 


Keene 


iClinto' 


Nashua. 


^ /Pownlu2» 

North Aflams 


.Richfield 
^Sprs. 


Rotferdarn. 
fQo June., 


lEarlville - 
Schuyler Z<me 

I Coopers T. 


•eSchenecta- 

^Sharon 
\ Sprs. p 


Penn Yan: 
h Liberty 


Cortlantd 


Norwich] 


FITCHBURG 


thins 


Colliers 


Cobleskill 


Sidney* 


Chenang^ 

FaUs 

v^.eg° ERIE 


Hudson 


■West 


Corning 


Carrot 


Tivoli' 


Kinzua 


•adford 


Lawren.e e 

W ellsboroughd' 
Arnot 


[Great Bend 


Enfield, 


PROV 1 


RhinebeJbk, 


Montrose 
’owanda ) 


Troy 

Canton 


lumen t 


Titusville 


Pough * 
keepsie 

l Fishfkij] 


aannock. 


Barclay 0 ^ \ 
Bernice 

ilTianxspnrt 


Ralston 


I Newbu^ 
3Iiddle T. . 


Emporium 


Middle-' 

.town 


j Oil City 
Franklin 


Scranton 


Drift **oo<f 


Renov 


Pittston] 


Wlkesbarre^^ 
^VWhite Haven 


Mew Have 


f Sur.b 

V North um b^rj. 


Falls Creek 


MAP OF THE 


d£ unk 




* 'Hit. Carmel 


ROME, 

\TERTOWN & OGDENSBURG 
RAILROAD 

AND CONNECTIONS. 


Tamaima 


Easton 


Potts\^±e 


■t Clinton 

Rea di n , 


MetucheJ 

. c ens- 


Lebanon 


fySand.yiHook 

§JiWh=2= 

Long Branch 


b^nton 


J rkiomen^ 

PHILADe^ 


^Lancaster 


Niagara 
Lewiston 
Syracuse 
42 Mile* 
Richland 
Waterloo 
cent - 
De Kalb, 


Bedfor* 


York 
Hanover Jc. 


ates VN^ Chested 


Bridgeport 












































































THE 

ROME, WATERTOWN AND OGDENSBURG 
RAILROAD 

is the chief connecting railway between Northern New York and 
Canada, and the cities, towns and famous summer resorts of cen¬ 
tral and western New York. Its northern termini are Ogdens- 
burg and Norwood, on the Ogdensburg and Lake Champlain 
Railway, with which it connects for northern New York, Adiron- 
dacks, Lake Champlain, Montreal, Quebec, St. Albans, Burling¬ 
ton and other towns in Vermont, White Mountains, Boston, 
Portland and other points in New England. At Ogdensburg 
it connects by steamer with Prescott, Canada, where connection 
is made with the Grand Trunk Railway, the St. Lawrence and 
Ottawa Division of the Canadian Pacific Railway for Ottawa City, 
the Capital of the Dominion of Canada, and with the Richelieu 
and Ontario Navigation Company’s steamers and others for the 
route of the St. Lawrence through Lachine Rapids to Montreal, 
Quebec, and the provinces eastward. 

Starting from Ogdensburg, on the River St. Lawrence, the rail¬ 
road runs southeasterly to DeKalb Junction, where it unites 
with the Potsdam Branch, running from Norwood Junction on 
the Ogdensburg and Lake Champlain R. R , through the towns 
of Potsdam and Canton. From DeKalb Junction it runs south¬ 
westerly through Gouverneur, Antwerp, Philadelphia to Water- 
town, whence a branch diverges to Cape St. Vincent, on Lake 
Ontario, at its junction with the River St. Lawrence, and where 
steamboats connect for the Thousand Islands, Alexandria Bay, 
Kingston, Canada, Montreal and other points on Ontario and the 
St. Lawrence. Railway connection is also made at Philadelphia 
with the Utica and Black River Railway, for Sacketts Harbor on 
Lake Ontario and for Lowville, Trenton Falls, Utica and other 
points. From Watertown the Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg 
Railroad runs southerly to Richland Junction, thence south and 

138 



RUNNING THE LACHINE RAPIDS, ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. 








































































































































































































































































































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


east to Rome on the New York Central Railway, where connection 
is made for Albany, Saratoga Springs, New York, Boston and other 
points sonth and east. From Richland Junction a branch di¬ 
verges southwesterly through Pulaski and several smaller towns 
to Central Square, where it connects with New York, Ontario & 
Western R. R. and to the city of Syracuse, where connection is 
made with the New York Central, New York, West Shore and 
Buffalo, Delaware, Lackawanna and Western, and Syracuse and 
Ontario Railways for all points east, west and south. Continuing 
westward from Richland Junction and Pulaski the Rome, Water- 
town and Ogdensburg Railroad runs to the city of Oswego, con¬ 
necting with the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad for 
Syracuse, Binghamton and New York; the Ontario and Western 
Railway for points in central and southern New York to New York 
City, and with steamers on Lake Ontario. From Oswego the road 
runs westward along the south shore of Lake Ontario, through 
Sterling, Wallington, Charlotte, to Suspension Bridge and Niag¬ 
ara Falls. At Sterling Junction it connects with the Southern 
Central Division of the Lehigh Valley Railway for Auburn, El¬ 
mira, Owego, Mauch Chunk, New York and Philadelphia; at 
Wallington with the Sodus Bay and Southern Division of the 
Pennsylvania Railway for Clifton Springs, Penn Yann, Watkins, 
Elmira and points south. 

At Charlotte, N. Y., connection is made with the New York 
Central, and the Rochester and Pittsburgh Railroads for Roch¬ 
ester and points south, and with steamers for points on Lake 
Ontario. At Lewiston, N. Y., it connects with steamers on 
Lake Ontario for Toronto and other points on the Lake 
Ontario and the St. Lawrence River, and with the New Yonc 
Central R. R. At Suspension Bridge railroad connections are 
made with the Michigan Central and Grand Trunk Railways for 
Canada, Detroit, Chicago and the west, and with the New York 
Central Railway for Buffalo and points west via Lake Shore and 
Michigan Southern R. R.; also with the New York, Lake Erie 
and Western R. R. 

It will thus be seen that the Rome, Watertown and Ogdens¬ 
burg is a very important line of railway. It runs through the 
fertile and productive portions of the Empire State, and is the 

139 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


great route to the most famous and interesting resorts of the 
United States. The railway is equipped with elegant palace and 
sleeping coaches and fine passenger cars and has an excellent 
train service. Competent management and courteous attention 
from employees and thorough equipment have made the road 
popular with tourists and brought it to the front rank of railways 
in this country. 

From Ogdensburg the R. W. & 0. R. R. runs southward 
through a rich farming country through the towns of Heuvelton 
and Rensselaer Falls to 

DE KALB JUNCTION, 

St. Lawrence Co., N. Y, 19 miles from Ogdensburg, 

Where it unites with the Potsdam Branch running from Nor¬ 
wood on the Ogdensburg and Lake Champlain R. R. De Kalb 
Junction is a small village on the Oswegatchie River, deriving 
its chief importance from its railway connections. A descrip¬ 
tion of the towns on the Potsdam Branch of R. W. & 0. R. R. 
is here inserted. 


NORWOOD. 

St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., 383 miles from Boston , 285 miles from 
Niagara Falls. Hotel: Whitney Hotel. 

This village of 2,000 inhabitants is at the junction of the 
Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg R. R.with the Ogdensburg 
and Lake Champlain Railway. Travelers going to Malone, Adi- 
rondacks, Lake Champlain, Montreal, Vermont, White Mount¬ 
ains, Boston and points in New England take the Ogdensburg 
and Lake Champlain Railroad at this point. Stages also run 
from Norwood to Massena Springs on the Racquette River, six 
miles north of Norwood, and three miles south of the steamboat 
landing on the St. Lawrence River. 

POTSDAM, 

St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., 7 ?niles from Norwood. 

Hotels. —Albion House, Matheson House. 

This beautiful and prosperous town of about 4,000 inhabitants 
is situated on Raquette River, in the midst of a rich farming dis- 

140 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 

trict. The river here is broken by islands and rapids, and 
furnishes abundant water-power, which is utilized by numerous 
manufactories of lumber and articles produced from wood. The 
village contains a national bank, a newspaper office, numerous 
stores and handsome residences. The Potsdam State Normal 
and Training School, one of the most prosperous of the several 
State Normal Schools, is located here. From Potsdam a stage 
ride of 21 miles to the Forest House at the foot of the Adiron- 
dacks, where guides and boats can be procured for a trip through 
the fishing and hunting grounds of the famous Northwoods. 

CANTON, 

St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., 17 miles from Norwood. 

Hotel.— Hodskin House. 

Canton is a very pretty town of about 2,500 population. It is 
Ihe county-seat of St. Lawrence County, and contains the County 
Court House, the St. Lawrence Academy, a fine Union graded 
school, a bank, a newspaper office and numerous stores and man¬ 
ufactories. It is situated on Grass River, which furnishes abund¬ 
ant water-power to the various manufactories of leather, iron cast¬ 
ings, machinery, flour, lumber, etc., which are located here. A 
stage line runs from Canton to points in the Adirondack woods. 
A small steam yacht runs in summer from the village to a picnic 
grove five miles distant. 


Resuming the main line at DeKalb Junction the railroad runs 
through the hamlet of Richville to 

GOTJVERNEUR, 

St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., 36 miles from Ogdensburg. 

Hotels.— Van Buren House, Fuller House. 

This is a flourishing village of 3,000 inhabitants. It has mony 
fine residences and extensive manufacturing interests, a bank, 
an academy, two or three newspaper offices, and carries on a 
large local trade. It has a beautiful rural cemetery on south 
bank of the Owegatchie River, opposite the village, and has also 
a fine fair ground. In the township are extensive and valuable 
iron mines and other minerals. At Natural Dam, a mile below 

141 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


the village, is an immense lumber mill. A stage line runs from 
Gouverneur to the western part of the Adirondack Mountain re¬ 
gion, about fifteen or twenty miles distant. From Gouverneur 
the railroad runs south through Keene’s and Antwerp, a village 
of about 1,000 people, to 

PHILADELPHIA, 

Jefferson Co., N. Y., 59 miles from Ogdenslmrg, 

A village of 500 inhabitants, on Indian Biver, where the Borne, 
Watertown and Ogdensburg K. B. crosses the Utica and Black 
Biver Bailroad, and where passengers for Lowville and places in 
Lewis County, Trenton Falls, Clayton, Morristown and Sacketts 
Harbor change cars. 

Passing through Evan’s Mills, a village of 500 inhabitants, 
and the hamlet of Sandfokd’s Corners, we soon arrive at 

WATERTOWN, 

Jefferson Co., N. Y., 68 miles from Ogdensburg. 

Hotels. — Woodruff, Kirby, Globe, Crowner, Harris and City. 

An important city of 13,000 inhabitants, beautifully situated on 
Black Biver. Its railroad connections are with the Utica & Black 
Biver and Borne, Watertown & Ogdensburg Bailroads, the Cape 
Vincent Branch of the latter uniting here with the main line. 
The city is in the midst of a very rich agricultural community, 
and has derived much of its wealth from the extensive dairying 
business carried on in Jefferson County. The city was incorpo¬ 
rated in May, 1869, and is noted for the enterprise, wealth and 
culture of its inhabitants. The county-seat of Jefferson County 
is in this city, and the County Court House on Arsenal Street is a 
fine brick and stone building, containing the offices of the clerk 
and other county officers. It is handsomely laid out, and con¬ 
tains many elegant and costly residences and two good hotels. 

The city has ten banks, three newspaper offices, two or three in¬ 
surance companies, and a variety of manufactures embracing sew¬ 
ing machines, paper, flour, pearl barley, portable engines, tools, 
machines, pumps, carriages, harnesses, tinware, etc , etc. The 
Black Biver, with its falls here, furnishes abundant water-power, 
yrhich is largely utilized. The city has 12 or 15 churches, an 

112 



BRIDGE AND FALLS AT WATERTOWN, N. Y, 

































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


academy, and a Young Men’s Christian Association, which main¬ 
tains a reading-room and literary entertainment. Black River is 
crossed in the city by 3 carriage and 2 R. R. bridges. One of the 
carriage bridges is a beautiful wire suspension bridge, with iron 
girders, which, with the falls of the river, presents an interesting 
and picturesque view to the traveler visiting the city. The city 
is supplied with water from Black River through a reservoir 200 
feet above the level of the town, which also supplies a beautiful 
fountain in the public square. The city is underlaid by the 
Black River limestone, and on both sides of the ri ver there are 
extensive caves which may be explored at will. Numerous fossils 
peculiar to this limestone formation are found here, and this 
whole region is very interesting to the scientist, who would 
enjoy exploring its cavernous rocks and selecting fossilites, and 
the tourist who appreciates the wonders of nature as seen in its 
marvelous geological formations. 


The Gape Vincent Division of the R. W. & O. R. R. luns from 
Watertown westward through the hamlets of Brownville (500 
population), Limerick, Chaumont, Three Mile Bat (500 popula¬ 
tion), Rosiere, carrying the tourist in 45 minutes to 

CAPE VINCENT, 

Jefferson Co., N. Y., 20 miles from Watertown. Population 1,500. 

Hotels. — St. Lawrence, Rathbun and Cape Vincent. 

Here the magnificent chain of great fresh water lakes, Supe¬ 
rior, Michigan, Huron, Erie and Ontario, which stretch along 
the Western continent for 1,500 miles, forming the most mar¬ 
velous chain of inland waters in the world, discharge their emer¬ 
ald waters from Ontario into the grand and beautiful St. Law¬ 
rence, and are carried through its channels a' thousand miles 
eastward to the boundless Atlantic. Here numerous steamboats 
and vessels receive or discharge their valuable freights of lum¬ 
ber and other products gathered from the shores of Lake Ontario 
and St. Lawrence. Here thousands of tourists embark for the 
delightful tour of the Lake and the St. Lawrence River with its 
manifold islands and beauties. 

143 



ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. 

















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Cape Vincent village is a a pretty town of considerable com¬ 
mercial importance, and has several churches and stores. It is 
an important shipping point, due to its favorable situation at 
the junction of Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence. It has 
attractions as a summer residence, and many prominent people 
spend their summers here to enjoy the cool refreshing breezes 
that sweep the great inland sea for two hundred miles. The 
steamer Maud is also on hand to convey passengers to Wolfe 
Island or to the picturesque City of Kingston, Canada, a voyage 
of about nine miles. Travelers going to Alexandria Bay and the 
Thousand Island Park take the magnificent new side-wheel 
steamer “ St. Lawrence,” the fastest steamer on the river, which 
awaits the arrival of the trains of the B. W. & O. B. B. at the wharf 
alongside the depot, and in a deligtful sail of two hours cn the 
majestic St. Lawrence Biver are brought to these famous resorts. 

The “ St. Lawrence ” performs double daily service between 
Cape Vincent and Alexandria Bay, a sail of two hours down the 
river, stopping at Clayton and intermediate points. In its course 
we pass many of the most beautiful private islands of the river, 
and it may be safely asserted, that no other steamboat tour of its 
length in the land, embodies such a constant and varied succes¬ 
sion of lovely vistas as are here presented. Connections are 
made at Alexandria Bay with the Bichelieu and Ontario Naviga¬ 
tion Co.’s steamers, for resorts further down the river through 
Lachine Bapids to Montreal and Quebec. 

Undoubtedly the best bass and muscalonge fishing in the world 
will be found in the vicinity of Wolfe Island, just off Cape Vin¬ 
cent, the largest of the Thousand Islands, being thirty miles 
f long and from seven to ten wide. The steamer Maud will land 
passengers at Marysville, a small village on the Island opposite 
Kingston. At the west end of Simcoe Island, directly off the 
light-house, is deep water, which affords excellent bass fishing 
during July and August. At the head of Wolfe Island lies 
Horse Shoe Island—between the two are many rocky shoals 
where early fly fishing for bass cannot be equaled on the St. 
Lawrence. The many bays along the Island east of Marysville 
afford abundant opportunity for sport in trolling for pickerel, 
pike, muscalonge and other “gamy” fish. 

144 


THOUSAND ISLANDS. ST. LAWRENCE RIVER. 




































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































NdhTHEUN EESOliTS. 


THE THOUSAND ISLANDS. 

The region covered by the name of the Thousand Islands is a 
portion of the St. Lawrence River extending some 30 miles from 
Cape Vincent, N. Y., to Alexandria Bay. The noble St. Lawrence 
is here studded with islands of various shapes and sizes, giv¬ 
ing rise to the name of the “ Thousand Islands,” and forming 
one of the most beautiful and picturesque portions of American 
scenery. The broad St. Lawrence expanded here to the width 
of a large lake, studded with these thousands of rocky, wooded 
islands with their myriad rocks, inlets, and promontories, and 
washed by the beautiful clear marine-colored waters of this 
mighty river, presents to the appreciative lover of nature one of 
the most charming and fascinating resorts that the world affords. 
It is doubtful if, among all the places of popular summer resort 
in this country, any one of them has within the late few years 
sprung into such favorite prominence as has the River St. Law¬ 
rence, along that section embracing the Thousand Islands. 

In the old Indian days this beautiful extent of the river went 
by the name of Manatoana, or Garden of the Great Spirit; and 
indeed, when the islands were covered with thick forests, and 
the wild deer swam from isle to isle, and each little lily-padded 
bay, nestling in among the hills and bluffs of the islands, teemed 
with water-fowl that were never disturbed by the report of a gun, 
it seemed appropriate that the Indian, in his half-poetic mood, 
should dedicate this beautiful region to his Supreme Deity. It 
was emphatically a wilderness garden, and to-day, although 
Alexandria Bay exhibits many phases of active life, the Thou¬ 
sand Islands are not in the least tinctured with the common ap¬ 
pearance of ordinary watering-places. There are hundreds, 
thousands of places, rugged, wild, and solitary, among which a 
boat can glide, while its occupant lies gloriously at ease; little 
bays, almost landlocked, amid the resinous odors of hemlock and 
pine, where Nature charms with resistless fascination, and soli¬ 
tude holds its captive spell-bound. Such scenes as these may 
be found in that beautiful, placid Lake of the Isle, lying amid 
the piney hills of Wellesley’s Island, reflecting their rugged 
crests in its glassy surface. 

Soon after leaving Cape Vincent, the steamer St. Lawrence 

145 


























GANANOQUE 


TIDDS I. 


SQUAW I 


Lyndoc* 


ROUND 


CHERR! 


• /CLUB I. 


LONE BRQTHEI 


HALFWAY I. 


‘ffubuEMFr». 


i.* 4e ' qv".. 

^THOUSAND ISLAND 

. _D A O U 


WESTMINSTER 

PARK 


HICKORY I 


p UL Ut„, 


CLUB I. 




CARtjg 

OLD 

i FORT J c r 


, 8. , 

\sland L. H 


Ithp^U Q<ub House,. 

Club House' 


BECKWITH I. 


governor.. 


CENTRAL PAR 


O ISLAND 


LITTLE ROUND. 


1ASHING - 


National Boundary Line 

Through and Local Steamers, dotted re'd ling 

Railroads, solid red line 




v,m.. 


gN bden> | . 

v \ 


Brown Point i ^ 




X 


bucks r.'' - 

MARVIN 1/ „ * <*«*> 


■ eS hoa'- - 

B oS r 'f 


XX BOSS 1 


Halstead', 


HALLIDAl S POINT 


THE TOURIQT^S IDEAL ROUTE. 

ROME, WATERTOWN <fc OGDENSBURG RAILROAD. 

THK ONI,V ALL-KAIL KOLTE TO TIIIC THOUSAND ISLANDS. 

THE GREAT HIGHWAY AM) FAYOKITE ROUTE FOR FASHIONABLE PLEASURE TRAVEL. 

Solid Trains with Elegant Sleeping Cars leave Niagara Falls daily 8.10 p. m. for Thousand Islands, making immediate connections at 
Clayton, without transfer, with powerful steamers of Richelieu & Ontario Navigation Co. for Alexandria Ray, Montreal, Quebec and the 
River Saguenay, passing all the Thousand Islands and running all the Rapids of the River St. Lawrence by daylight, the most attractive 
trip in the world. 

White Mountains and Portland Express leaves Niagara Falls daily, except Saturday, at 8.10p.m., with thr ugh Sleeping Cars Niagara 
Falls to Portland, making connections at Norwood for Massena Springs; at Moira for Paul Smith’s and Adirondack resorts, and running 
through the heart of the Mountains via Fabyan’s and Famous Crawford Notch to Portland, with immediate connections for Bar Harbor, 
Old Orchard, Kennebunkport and all sea coast resorts of Maine. This train stops at all principal resorts in the White Mountains. 

Sleeping Cars on Night Trains and Drawing-Room Cars on Day Trains from Niagara Falls, Rochester, Syri use and Utica to Claytom* 
[Thousand Islands, ] where connection is made by all trains with Palace Steamer “ St. Lawrence ” for all Thou and Island ResorJ*»*» 


A1e* an 


drla Bay ( 


, Montr' 


eal '4° M " eS 


Tibbett’s Point 5 
O L.H. 


HEMLOCK Xf 




0\K 


ALEXANDRIA BAY 




^ n 32 Mi* eS 

0 gden s » u 


FISHERS 

LANDING 


MILES 

Cape Vincent to Carlton Island.2 

“ “ “ Prospect Park.... 13 

“ “ “ ClaytoD.14 

“ “ “ Round Island. 16 

“ “ “ Thousand Island 

Park.18 

“ “ “ Pisher’a Landing. 20 


MILES. 

Cape Vincent to Alexandria Bay... 26 

“ “ “ Kingston.10 

“ “ “ Gananoque. 15 

Alexandria Bay to Westminster 

Park. 1 

“ “ “ Rockport. 3 

“ “ “ Central Park... 2 


Names of Points indicated by Figures in Red. 

1. Carlton Island 

2. Governor’s Island.Ex-Lient.-Gov. T. G. Alvord. 

3. Calumet Island .Mr. Chas. G. Emery , New York. 

4. Rock Island Light-House, head of American Channel. 

. j Occident and Orient. E. R. Washburn, New York. 

' 1 Isle of Pines. Mrs E. N. Robiusoi . New York. 

6. Frederick Island.C. L. Fredericks, Carthage, N.Y. 

7. Wellsley House. 

( Rev. Goodrich, Lafargeville, N. Y. 

c Waving Branches / Arthur Hughes, Stone Mills, N. Y. 

8. W aving branches 4 Frud( . rlck Smllhi WaUrtown, N. Y. 

( L. 8. Ainsworth, Watertown, N. Y. 
( Prof. A. II. Brown, Carthage, N. Y. 

9 Joliv Oaks ) N D. Ferguson, 
y. dony uaks. < JohnNorton> 

( Hon. W. W. Butterfield, Redwood, N. Y. 


Names of Points indicated by Figures in Red. 

10. Island Royal.Royal E. Deane, New York. 

11. Seven Isles.Bradley Winslow, Watertown, N. Y. 

11. Point Vivian; Rezot Tozer, J. J. Kinney, Dr. Jones, 

Geo. Jones, William Cooper, und others, Stone Mills, 
New York. 

13. Bella Vista Lodge.F. J. Bosworth, Newport. R. 7. 

14. Comfort Island.A. E. Clark, Chicago. 

15. Warner Island... .H. U. Warner, Rochester, N. Y. 

10. Cherry Island.| G. B. MaisR 11 ’ Ch !? a ® 0 ' I 

17. Wau Winct.C. E. Hill, Chicago. 

18. Nobby Island.H. R. Heath, New York. 

19. Welcome Island. S. G. Pope, Ogdensburg. 

20. Linlithgow Island.R. A. Livingston, New York. 

21. Bonnie Castle.Holland Estate. 

22. Isle Imperial.Mrs. H. G. Le Conte, Philadelphia. 

23. Point Marguerite. £. Anthony, New York. 

24. Sport Island. ..... .Packer Estate. 

25 I 

> Summerland Group. 

27. Manhattan Group, 




















































































t. 


* 






s ntnti 




i 

- «I 

• •• •••♦#•• 


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if'l <«!*ll»11 

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VVlHMIll 


\ 



9 






















































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


touches at Carleton Island, ten miles down the river, and sev¬ 
eral miles from Alexandria Bay, where several pretty club houses 
and cottages, owned by residents of Borne, Utica and Ithaca, are 
seen. Bluff Island in the Canadian channel rises abruptly 80 
feet above a depth of 100 feet of water at its feet, and affords a 
magnificent view of the islands of both channels of the river. 

The reader should note the huge stone chimneys which stand 
out boldly against the sky, upon the bluff at this place. They 
mark the site of old Fort Frontenac, built here during the Bevolu- 
tionary war, by British engineers, and which is still well pre¬ 
served, as it must be for centuries to come, its trenches being 
cut in the solid rock. The scenery from this point to the neigh¬ 
borhood of Clayton, where a stop is made, is very attractive; 
several handsome cottages are seen upon Prospect Park, a short 
distance below, and immediately opposite are the notable sum¬ 
mer homes of ex-Lieut. Governor Alvord and Mr. Chas. G. 
Emery, of New York. The latter is an expensive place. 

Round Island Park is the next stopping point. The large 
and elegant hotel is seen upon the elevated ground in the centre 
of the Island, and very nearly sixty handsome cottages are 
ranged along the rocky margin amid the trees; many of them so 
secluded from view, as to elude the eye of the passing voyager. 

Clayton, Jefferson Co., N. Y., is a village, with a population 
of 1,700, on the southeast bank of the St. Lawrence River, at the 
mouth of French’s Creek, by which name it was formerly called. 
Clayton contains four churches, an academy, a number of stores, 
and is an important river and shipping town. JEt is the terminus 
of the Clayton Branch of the U. & B. B. B., and its passengers 
for Bound Island Park, Thousand Island Park, Fisher’s Landing, 
Westminster Park, and Alexandria Bay, take the steamer at this 
point. The steamer J. F. Maynard runs to these points in con¬ 
nection with trains on the U. & B. B. B. B, Steamers for 
Montreal and Niagara Falls run from this point also. 

Round Island is gaining in popularity rapidly, as the advan¬ 
tages of its proximity to good fishing grounds, the excellent 
sailing in the broad waters, and social attractions of its hotel 
life become better understood. Especial facilities are offered 
wheelmen and canoeists at this place. 

146 


BONNIE CASTLE, THOUSAND ISLANDS. 




























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Thousand Island Park, three miles below Bound Island, is 
an extensive tract at the head of Wellesley’s Island, which forms 
the contracted American channel leading to Alexandria Bay. 
Several hundred summer homes are ranged along the water front 
and hidden amid the dense groves, which afford shade and se¬ 
clusion. The Thousand Island Park Hotel, which occupies a 
commanding site, is one of the largest on the river. A system 
of educational and religious meetings, somewhat similar to that 
in vogue at Chautauqua, serves to attract a large number of vis¬ 
itors to this place, an extensive tabernacle having been built for 
the purpose. A picturesque light-house marks the American 
channel, which continues for seven miles, to Alexandria Bay. 

Wellesley’s Island is one of the more prominent islands and 
extends from a point five miles below Clayton to a point a little 
below Alexandria Bay, and is nine miles long, with an average 
width of miles. On the lower part directly opposite and 
half a mile from the village of Alexandria Bay, is located West¬ 
minster Park, comprising 500 acres of land and now in the 
hands of an Association, which is rapidly improving it and dis¬ 
posing of lots. From the summits of this island, which are 
reached by easy slopes either in carriages or on foot, the whole 
group of the Thousand Islands, extending along the river for a 
distance of twenty miles, is brought into full view. 

Mary Island is about 1600 feet in length, oval-shaped, and of 
about the same elevation as the adjacent portion of Wellesley’s 
Island. A narrow passage used by the fishing boats, separates it 
from the eastern extremity of Wellesley’s Island. A short, rustic 
bridge connects the two islands. 

Bonnie Castle is a charming island, formerly the country seat 
of the late J. G. Holland. 

Before reaching Alexandria Bay, Central Park, a popular re¬ 
sort on the American shore, is seen. 


FROM CAPE VINCENT 

To Carlion Island. 

“ Project Park. 

“ Claytuu. 

“ Round island . 

‘‘ Thousand Island Park... 

“ Fisher’s Landing. 

“ Alexandria Bay. 

“ Kingston. 

(Jauanoque. 


LOCAL DISTANCES 

FROM ALEXANDRIA BAT 

2 miles. To Westminster Park. 1 mile. 

..13 •' 

.14 ‘ 

.16 

.18 ‘ 

.20 ‘ 

26 ‘ 

.10 ‘ 

.15 ‘ 


Rockfort. 3 miles. 

Central Park. 2 “ 

t arlton Island.24 “ 

Prospect Park.13 

Thousand Island Park.. - 8 “ 

Fisher’s Lauding. 6 

Ogdensburg.32 “ 

Montreal. 14Q ” 


117 

























crossmon house. ALEXANDRIA BAY. N. Y. thousand island HOUSBL 



















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


ALEXANDRIA BAY, 

Jefferson Co., N. T. Hotels. —Thousand Island House, Crossmarts. 

Alexandria Bay is on tlie southeast shore of the St. Lawrence 
River, 30 miles from Cape Vincent, 12 miles from Clayton, and 
32 miles from Ogdensburg. It has been regarded as the lead¬ 
ing tourist point among the islands, having been noted as a re¬ 
sort for anglers for many years. Here, as at other points alo»g 
the river already referred to, excellent boats, manned by profes¬ 
sional fishermen, will enable visitors to enjoy the exciting sport 
of trolling for the large fish in which these islands abound. At 
Alexandria Bay, the large passenger steamers of the Richelieu 
and Ontario Navigation Company stop and take on board the 
tourists destined for the voyage of twelve hours down the rapids 
of the St. Lawrence River to Montreal and beyond. Passengers 
going to the White Mountains, via Rouse’s Point over the O. & 
L. C. R. R., also take these boats as far as Ogdensburg. 

The Thousand Island House commands many of the grandest 
views of the river in both directions. The hotel will accommo¬ 
date about 500 guests. Those who stop here will find the rest, 
comfort and attention which they seek in going from city to 
country, and every facility will be afforded them for seeing and 
enjoying the rare scenery and varied amusements of the river 
and islands. Families and parties can be accommodated with 
desirable suites of rooms at reasonable prices, with private din¬ 
ing rooms if desired. Invalids can have fire in their rooms 
when wanted, and whatever else the hotel can provide in the 
way of special comforts and attention. 

There are numerous country-seats and cottages scattered upon 
the various islands of this famous region, and presenting an in¬ 
describable charm to one of the loveliest of Nature’s pictures. 

Of this favored locality an able writer has said: “The air *s 
light, dry and mellow, and is adapted to the constitution of al¬ 
most every one, producing a kind of peace-with-all-the-world feel¬ 
ing, and endowing one with a new and wondrous activity. Fogs 
rarely occur here, and you can remain day and night out of 
doors without peril to health. Neither is the night atmosphere 
damp and heavy, as it is near the seashore and at many of the 

148 










































































































































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


inland resorts; it is generally with tardy steps that one with¬ 
draws in-doors at meal time or for the night. Many a time have 
we, after retiring to our bed, opened the blinds and windows of 
our room so as to obtain one more view of Nature in her evening 
dress, before closing our eyes for the night. Our room com¬ 
manded a prolonged view of the river. A delicate breeze would 
be rippling the waters, which, through the mingled light of 
moon and stars, looked like countless spangles of silver. The 
islands across the channel threw their black shadows upon the 
scene, from out the darkness of which peered here and there the 
light of some islander, who, like ourselves, was loath to go to 
bed. Then a strain of music would be heard coming from some 
happy craft, far enough away to prevent all discord, and permit 
only the harmony to reach our ears. And then, with such 
soothing strains filling our souls, with all serene without, Na¬ 
ture’s sweet restorer, sleep, would steal away our senses.” 

The Utica & Black Biver B. B. touches the river at Clayton, 
from which point the steamer J. F. Maynard connects f r Alex¬ 
andria Bay, and also again at Morristown, from whence there 
is transportation by steamer. Passengers by the Utica & 
Black Biver B. B. leave New York at Grand Central Depot on 
the 9.15 p.m. train of the New York Central & Hudson Biver B. B. 
on through Wagner sleeping car, and arrive at Clayton at 9.30 a.m. 
of next day, and at Alexandria Bay at 10.20 a.m. 

Or by Borne, Watertown & Ogdensburg B. B. persons may 
take the sleeping car on the 11 p.m. train on New York Central 
B. B. and breakfast in Watertown; then an hour’s ride by rail to 
Cape Vincent and a delightful ride of two hours on the St. Law¬ 
rence brings them to Alexandria Bay for dinner. Trains leave 
Grand Central Depot, New York, in the morning, reaching 
Thousand Islands late in the evening. 

Ogdensburg is the terminus of the O. & L. C. B. B., which 
connects with the Central Vermont B. B. for Vermont and east. 

One of the Canadian mail line of steamers leaves Toronto at 10 
o’clock every morning, except Sunday, for Montreal, stopping at 
Kingston, Clayton, Alexandria Bay, Brockville, Prescott and ports 
beyond. These boats leave Alexandria Bay at 8 a. m. and arrive 
at Montreal at 6 p.m. 


149 


* 





GLIMPSES OE NOBBY ISLAND, THOUSAND ISLANDS. 






























NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Besuming the route of the Borne, Watertown and OgdenS- 
burg Bailroad south from Watertown, we pass through the 
hamlets of Bice’s, Adams Centre, to 

ADAMS, 

Jefferson Co., N. Y., 82 miles from Ogdensburg. 

An incorporated village of 1,500 inhabitants, on North Sandy 
Creek, containing several churches, two banks, a seminary, print¬ 
ing offices and several manufactories. From here stages fun daily 
to Henderson Harbor, a resort on Lake Ontario noted for fine 
fishing and its handsome cottages, where many wealthy people 
spend their summers. From Adams southward we pass through 
Pierrepont Manor, Mannsville, through Sandy Creek, a village 
of 1,000 inhabitants and where good fishing abounds in the 
streams in the vicinity, to 

RICHLAND JUNCTION, 

Richland, Oswego Co., N. Y., 100 m. fr. Ogdensburg and 42 m.fr. 
Rome, N. Y., 180 m. fr. Suspension Bridge , 41 m. fr. Syracuse 
29 m.fr. Oswego. 

This is the pivotal point of the Borne, Watertown and Ogdens¬ 
burg system of railroads. Here diverge the lines running to 
Borne on the New York Central B. B. and the line running 
through Pulaski, Parish, Central Square and Liverpool to Syra¬ 
cuse; and the line running to Oswego, Charlotte, Lewiston, 
Niagara Falls and the West. 

The line of the B. W. & O. B. B., running to Bomo, passes 
successively through the agricultural villages of Albion, Kaso°g, 
Williamstown, West Camden, Camden, McConnellsville, Taberg 
and Humaston—4? miles to 

ROME, 

Oneida Co., N. Y. 142 m.fr. Ogdensburg, 109 m.fr. Albany and 253 mile, 
from New York. Population, 13,000. 

Hotels. — Commercial, Sianwix Hall and Arlington. 

Borne is an incorporated city, on the site of old Fort Stanwix, 
with broad, regularly arranged streets, lined with substantia 1 
business blocks and handsome private residences indicative of a 
prosperous town. It is on the Erie Canal and the New York 
Central Bailroad, and carries on several industries, including 

150 


POINT MARGUERITE, THOUSAND ISLANDS. 









































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


brass and iron works, locomotive works, knitting mills, etc. 
Travelers going to Albany, New York, Boston and the East take 
the New York Central B. B. at this place, and tourists from New 
York, Boston, Albany, Saratoga, etc., en route to Watertown, 
Ogdensburg, Thousand Islands and Northern New York, leave 
the New York Central B. B. at this point and take the Borne, 
Watertown and Ogdensburg line. Through sleeping cars are run 
from New York to Cape Vincent, where connection is made with 
Steamer St. Lawrence for the Alexandria Bay and the Thousand 
Islands. 

From Bichland Junction the Syracuse Division of the B. W. & 
O. B. B. runs through 

PULASKI, 

Richland, Oswego Co., N. Y. 105 m.fr. Ogdensburg, 

A flourishing village of 2,000 inhabitants on Salmon Biver, a 
half-shire town of Oswego County. It has several churches, an 
academy, court house, newspaper offices, banks and several man¬ 
ufactories. Hence the Syracuse Division runs south through 
the villages of Holmesville, Union Square, Parish, Hastings, Mal¬ 
lory to 

CENTRAL SQUARE, 

Oswego Co., N. Y., 24 miles from Richlan w. 

An important village of 500 people where the B. W. & O. B. B. 
crosses the N. Y., Ontario & Western. 

BREWERTON, 

Cicero, Onondaga Co., N. Y., 27 miles from Richland. 

A flourishing village of 500 inhabitants. 

CLAY, 

Clay, Onondaga Co., N. Y., 31 miles from Richland. 

A hamlet upon Seneca Biver with about 300 people. 

LIVERPOOL, 

Salina, Onondaga Co., N. Y, 37 miles from Richland. 

This is a flourishing village of 2,000 inhabitants on the banks 
of Onondaga Lake, containing extensive salt works and other 
industries. 


151 



NORTHERN RESORTS. 


SYRACUSE, 

Onondaga Co., N. T., 148 miles fr. Albany , 150 milesfr. Buffalo. 
Population 55,000. Hotels. — Globe, Vanderbilt, Empire, Candee, 
Congress Hall, Hotel Burns, Kingsley House and others. 

Syracuse is the capital of Onondaga county, and is situated 
midway between Albany and Buffalo. It is built mostly of 
brick, and has wide and well paved streets; and from its central 
situation, it has attained considerable political and commercial 
eminence. It has numerous churches and banks, several found¬ 
ries and machine shops, breweries, barrel manufactories, agricul¬ 
tural implement establishments, etc. 

Syracuse is celebrated for its salt-works, and stands upon 
ground somewhat more elevated than the marsh which is the 
source of its wealth. This marsh is rich in springs of brine 
that yield salt in the proportion of 56 pounds from 35 gallons of 
brine. The existence of this brine is attributed to the con¬ 
stant dissolution of the saline crystals in the substrata. 
More than 500 acres are covered by Solar works, or a surface 
of 8,403,840 square feet. The solar salt is much coarser than 
that produced by boiling. A grinding establishment improves 
it for dairy and table use. Works are erected at Liverpool and 
Gedde.i, U 3 well as Syracuse and Salina. The annual amount 
produced collectively is about 8,000,000 bushels. 

Syracuse has many fine public buildings, libraries and char¬ 
itable institutions. The Syracuse University, incorporated in 
1870, stands on a height in the southeast part of the city. It is 
the successor of the Genesee College, formerly at Lima, N. Y., 
and is under the patronage of the Methodist Episcopal Church. 

The railroad communications of Syracuse are extensive and 
important. The Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad 
connects here with the New York Central & Hudson River Rail¬ 
road, New York, West Shore and Buffalo Railway, Delaware, 
Lackawanna and Western Railroad, and the Syracuse, Ontario 
and New York Railway from all points east, west and south, to the 
Thousand Islands, St. Lawrence River and Wh^te Mountains. 

The Erie Canal is an important accessory to the business 
facilities of Syracuse, and the Oswego Canal here unites with 
the Erie, of which it is a branch. 

152 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Richland Junction, twenty-nine miles east of Oswego, is the 
converging point of the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburg Rail¬ 
road system, and the junction point for trains from the West via 
Niagara Falls, from the South and West via Syracuse, and from 
-$ew York, Boston, and the East and South, via Rome. 

West from Richland we pass through the villages of Pulaski, 
Sandy Hill, Mexico, New Haven, Scriba, East Oswego to 

OSWEGO, 

Oswego Co., N. Y. Population 25,000. 151 m. fr. Suspension Bridge, 
Hotels.— Doolittle House and Lake Shore Hotel. 

The charming city of Oswego is upon the shore of Lake 
Ontario and almost heading the famous Thousand Islands of 
the lovely St. Lawrence River. It has the natural advantages 
of both lake and river. The pure air, excellent drainage and 
other natural advantages contribute to make Oswego the third 
healthiest city in the United States. The city is built on ground 
sloping to the Oswego River on either side. 

The streets are 100 feet wide, and laid out in right angles, 
making blocks 200 by 400 feet, and affording frequent opportu¬ 
nity for public parks, of which there are two large ones and sev¬ 
eral of lesser size. The streets in the residence part of the city 
are really magnificent avenues, bordered by grand old trees, and 
presenting a delightful vista of shade, with a glimpse of both 
lake and river. 

Along the Lake Shore west for three miles, is a wide and cul- 
tivated road for carriage and bridle, with all of nature’s grandeur 
of beach and bluff. 

The Oswego Yacht Club has a fleet of yachts, sail-boats and 
steam yachts, which, with the excellent sailing and fishing-which 
Lake Ontario contributes to the fascinating pleasure of the sum¬ 
mer sportsman. The Oswego Canoe Club has a fleet of canoes. 

The city has 10 grain elevators, 17 churches, 2 daily and 2 
weekly newspapers, an opera house, a public library of 20,000 
volumes and important manufacturing interests. The foreign 
commerce aggregates $8,000,000 annually. 

The principal buildings are the U. S. Gustom House and Post 
"Office, built of Cleveland limestone, and the City Hall, a very 
ornate building of Onondaga limestone. 

153 


OSWEGO HARBOR, FROM ROME, WATERTOWN AND OGDENSBURG RAILROAD BRIDGE 



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NORTHERN RESORTS. 


The old and historic fortification, Fort Ontario, stands on the 
right bank of the river, in the middle of a high plateau, com¬ 
manding the town, the harbor and its approaches. 

The principal hotels are the Lake Shore House (capacity 150) 
and the Doolittle House (capacity 250). The former is ably man¬ 
aged by Mr. Jas. G. Bennett, and is the property of the Rome, 
Watertown & Ogdensburg Railroad Company. The Station and 
General Offices of that Company occupy a part of the hotel block. 
Tourists will find this house very pleasant, and convenient to 
railroads. 

The Doolittle House is first-class in all respects. Under this 
house is located the famous “Deep Rock” Mineral Spring, cele¬ 
brated for the health-giving properties of its waters. 

Oswego is the diverging point of the New York, Ontario & 
Western Railway, and the Oswego and Syracuse Division of the 
Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad. The former con¬ 
nects with the Syracuse and Northern Division of the Rome, 
Watertown & Ogdensburg Railroad at Central Square, forming 
a route between Syracuse and Oswego. Beyond Central Square, 
the New York, Ontario and Western Railway continues south¬ 
ward, skirting the eastern shore of Oneida Lake, passing North 
Bay and Fish Creek—popular summer resorts—and finally ter¬ 
minating at New York. 

The Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Railroad affords a direct 
route from Oswego to Binghamton, Scranton and New York. 

From Oswego the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburg runs west 
throug Furniss, Wheelers, Hannibal, Sterling Valley, 16 miles to 
Sterling Junction, where connection is made with the Southern 
Central Division of the Lehigh Valley for Auburn and Elmira, 
N. Y., Sayre, Mauch Chunk, and all points in the Lehigh Valley 
Region and New York and Philadelphia. Passing westward the 
road runs through Red Creek, Wolcott, Rose Alton, to 

WALLINGTON, N. Y., 

where it connects with the Sodus Bay and Southern Division of 
the Pennsylvania Railroad for Sodus Point, a noted summer 
resort 3 miles north on Lake Ontario, and southward for Wat¬ 
kins Glen, Elmira, Williamsport, Philadelphia, Baltimore and 
Washington. 








! 


• i 

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NORTHERN RESORTS. 


Passing westward through Sodus, Williamson, Ontario, Lake¬ 
side, Onion Hill, Webster, Pierces and Sea Breeze, we reach 

CHARLOTTE JUNCTION, 

Monroe Co., N. Y, 82 m. fr. Suspension Bridge, and 6 m. north of 
Rochester, N. Y. Hotels. — Ontario , Craig, Cottage and Lotta House. 

Charlotte is the port of Rochester, on Lake Ontario, eighty-two 
miles from Suspension Bridge. The mouth of the Genesee River 
is crossed at this point on a magnificent iron drawbridge three 
hundred feet long. In the vicinity are several attractive resorts, 
which are yearly growing in popularity with residents of Northern 
and Western New York. Sea Beach, Windsor Beach, Irondequoit 
Bay and Lake View afford every facility for picnics, boating, 
fishing, bathing and other entertaining sports. Any of these 
places can easily be reached by rail or steamer from Charlotte, at 
any hour of the day. Connection is made at Charlotte with the 
N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R. for Rochester, six miles distant, and other 
points south. 

From Charlotte the R. W. & 0. R. R. runs along the shore of 
Lake Ontario 82 miles to Suspension Bridge, passing successively 
through Greece, North Parma, East Hamlin, Hamlin, East Ken¬ 
dall, Kendall, East Carlton, Car'ton, Waterport, Corlyon, Lyndon- 
ville, County Line, Somerset, Hess Road, New Fane, Wilson, 
Ransomville, Haywards, Lewiston and River View. The region 
is one of the most fertile parts of New York, and Lake Ontario is 
visible during most of the distance. 

LEWISTON, 

Lewiston, Niagara Co., N. Y., 7 m.fr. Niagara Falls. 

This village is at the head of the navigation of Lake Ontario. 
It contains four churches, and about 1,200 inhabitants. It is 
connected by a suspension bridge across the Niagara with 
Queenstown, on the Canada side. The R. W. & O. R. R. connects 
with the New York Central & Hudson River R. R. at this point. 
During the summer steamboats ply daily between this place and 
ports on Lake Ontario and the St. Lawrence River, reaching 
Montreal in twenty-seven hours. Lewiston is a place of active 
trade; besides the county buildings, it contains an academy and 

155 



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GENESEE FALLS, ROCHESTER, 


n. y. 




































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 

numerous stores. In 1812 the tavern at Lewiston was conducted 
by Mr. and Mrs. Hastier, the former of whom is said to have 
been “ Sergeant Hollister,” and his wife the “ Betty Flannagan 
of Cooper’s “Spy.” Three miles from Lewiston is a village of 
the Tuscarora Indians. Eiver View, two miles from Lewiston, is 
at the summit, where a fine view of the Niagara Kiver the Cana¬ 
dian shore. Opposite may be seen the splendid monument 
erected to the memory of the gallant General Brock, who was 
killed at Queenstown, in the war of 1812. 

Three miles from Eiver View we reach 

SUSPENSION BRIDGE, 

Niagara Co., N. T., 30 m.fr. Albany. Fr. Niagara Falls, 2 miles. 

An incorporated village of 2,000, situated on Niagara Eiver, 
two miles below the cataract, of which it commands a fine view. 
The International Suspenson Bridge crosses the river at this 
point, and connects the Canada railways with those of the States. 
The length of the bridge is 800 feet; height above the water, 230 
feet; width, 24 feet; supported by four wire cables inches in 
diameter, and has a sustaining capacity of 12,400 tons. The 
towers are 88 feet on the American side, and 78 on the Canadian. 
Its total weight is 800 tons, and its cost $400,000. There are two 
floors, the upper for the railroad track, and the lower for wagons. 
It was commenced in 1854, John A. Eoebling, of Trenton, New 
Jersey, being the engineer. The east end of the bridge com¬ 
mands a fine view of the river above up to the Falls, and of the 
rapids under and below the bridge, for three-quarters of a mile 
to the whirlpool. The water of these rapids runs at the rate of 
twenty-five miles per hour, with breakers dashing from ten to 
twenty feet in height. When seen from the shore, they present 
one of the grandest sights of the kind seen in the world, and the 
tourist has not seen all of Niagara until he has stood on the 
shore, 150 rods below the bridge. Deveaux College is a charita¬ 
ble institution under Episcopal management, and was established 
by the munificence of Hon. Samuel Deveaux, who bequeathed 
property amounting to upwards of $200,000 in value for that pur¬ 
pose. The building was erected in 1855-56. The village contains 
several hotels, of which the Monteagle is the largest and best. 

156 






































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































v’TEW FROM PROSPECT POINT. NIAGARA FALLS 












































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































NORTHERN RESORTS. 


NIAGARA FALLS. 

Niagara Co., N. Y., 305 miles fr. Albany ; fr. Buffalo, 21 m. 

Hotels.— Cataract, International, Spencer, Niagara, Pacific. 

The Falls of Niagara, the grandest specimen of nature’s 
handiwork on the Continent, are equally magnificent at all 
seasons and under all circumstances, whether viewed by sun¬ 
light, or moonlight, or the dazzling glare of electricity, their 
wonderful proportions are always sublime. The whirling floods, 
the unvarying thunderous roar, the vast sheets of spray and 
mist that are caught in their liquid depths by sunbeams and 
formed into radiant rainbows, as if homage was paid by the 
skies to creation’s greatest cataract. 

The Niagara River, extending from Lake Erie to Lake On¬ 
tario, a distance of thirty miles, has a total fall of 334 feet; the 
greater part of the descent is confined to a distance of seven or 
eight miles, within which space are the grandest rapids and falls 
in the world. The rapids are so strong two miles above the falls 
as to entirely prevent navigation. There are three distinct cat¬ 
aracts. The Horse-shoe Falls, so called from its crescent shape, 
is by far the largest, and is in the direct course of the river; it 
is 2,000 feet wide and 154 feet high. The American Fall is 660 
wide, and the Central Fall 243 feet, each having a fall of 163 feet. 
The two latter are separated from each other, and from the for¬ 
mer, by Goat Island. The aggregate width of descending water 
is thus 2,900 feet, and the flow is unceasing and nearly uniform 
in amount throughout the year. The amount of water discharg¬ 
ed is computed to be 100,000,000 of tons per Jiour. More water 
passes in these fearful torrents in seven seconds than is con¬ 
veyed through Croton aqueduct in twenty-four hours. At the 
Horse-shoe Fall the concussion of the falling waters with those 
in the depths below occasions a spray that veils the cataract 
two-thirds up its height. Above this impenetrable foam, to the 
height of fifty feet above the fall, a cloud of light spray rises, 
which, when the sun shines upon it in the proper direction, dis¬ 
plays magnificent solar rainbows. 

Charles Dickens describes his first impression of Niagara Falls 
in the following characteristic style: 

157 


NORTHERN RESORTS. 


“I hardly know how I got down, but I was soon at the bot¬ 
tom, and climbing over some broken rocks, deafened by the 
noise, half blinded by the spray, and wet to the skin. We were 
at the foot of the American Falls. I could see an immense tor¬ 
rent of water tearing headlong down from some great height, but 
had no idea of shape or situation, or anything but vague im¬ 
mensity. When we were seated in the little ferry-boat and were 
crossing the swollen viver, immediately before both cataracts, I 
began to feel what it was; but I was in a measure stunned and 
unable to comprehend the vastness of the scene. It was not 
until I came on Table Hock and looked—Great heaven ! on what 
a fall of bright green water!—that it came upon me in its full 
might and majesty. “ Then, when I felt how near to my Creator 
I was standing, the first effect, and the enduring one—instant 
and lasting—of the tremendous spectacle, was Peace. Peace of 
mind, tranquillity, calm recollections of the dead, great thoughts 
of eternal rest and happiness; nothing of gloom and terror. 
Niagara was at once stamped upon my heart, an image of beauty, 
to remain there changeless and indelible until its pulses cease 
to beat forever.” 

No just or adequate impression can be conveyed by language 
of the grandeur and sublimity of Niagara. The artist’s pencil 
alone can give a faint conception of the scene, but even this is 
inadequate to express intelligently the charm of perpetual 
changing which absorbs the spectator. 

Goat Island is midway between the American and Canada 
shores, in the midst of these boiling waters, and divides the 
American and Horse-shoe Falls. It is separated from Bath by 
a narrow stream, and the latter island is connected with the 
American shore by a wooden bridge 700 feet long over the wild¬ 
est part of the rapids. It is said the first white person who ven¬ 
tured to cross the rapids at Goat Island was Israel Putnam, in 
1755. On the shore of the island, and beneath the smaller of 
the American Falls, is the Cave of the Winds, a cavern formed 
by the decay of the softer substratum rock, whilst the hard su¬ 
perincumbent limestone still forms the roof. In front of the 
cave the centre fall descends, 240 feet in width, and compresses 
the 'ftif to such a degree that a fearful din continually reigns 

158 




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NORTHERN RESORTS. 


within this watery cavern, which is heightened by the foaming 
spray, which rushes along the stony floor, mounts up the dark¬ 
ened sides, spreads over the roof, and thence descends in con¬ 
tinued drenching showers. Luna Island and the Three Sisters 
should be visited, as each has peculiar attractions. 

The first white visitor looked upon the Falls in 1640. The 
Cat Indians, who dwelt near it, endeavored to propitiate the 
spirit of its waters by annually sacrificing a human victim at its 
shrine. The most beautiful Indian maiden was selected for this 
honor. In the presence of a great assemblage, she was placed 
in a white canoe, with the finest fruits and flowers, and the frag¬ 
ile bark, pushed out into the stream, carried her over this awful 
portal to eternity. 

The Niagara River, below these stupendous falls, rushes 
through a deep chasm of 200 feet in height. Three miles below 
the Falls is the Whirlpool. Just here the scenery is wild and 
somber, and the banks of the river are steep. It is caused by the 
abrupt turn of the river at this point, the waters of which rush 
with such violence against the cliff on the Canadian side as to 
occasion a severe reaction and rotary motion, drawing every¬ 
thing that flows down the river within the vortex; below the 
whirlpool is another series of rapids. The most comprehensive 
view of the falls is obtained from the Canada side, where the 
descending water of the three falls can be seen at the same time. 
The river is crossed just below the Falls by a magnificent sus¬ 
pension bridge for carriages and foot passengers. A ferry at the 
foot of the American Falls also transports foot passengers over 
the raging river. 

In 1885 the Legislature of the State of New York passed a law 
providing for the purchase of the property around Niagara 
Falls, and the establishment of the Niagara Park, owned and 
controlled by the State of New York through a State Commis¬ 
sion. Thus the greatest of American wonders is to be pre¬ 
served for the free enjoyment of the American people and tour¬ 
ists who visit the grandest and most sublime waterfall of the 
known world. No charge for admission to any part of the Park 
is permitted, and all obstructions to an uninterrupted view of 
these marvels of nature are removed. The grounds are being 
suitably arranged and beautified. 

159 


NORTHERN RESORTS i 


RAILROAD CONNECTIONS. 

Tlie railroad connections at Niagara Falls are as follows, viz.: 

To the West via Suspension Bridge and Canada, by the Mich¬ 
igan Central K. B., Grand Trunk Bailway (Great Western Divi¬ 
sion', Canada Southern B. B., and via Buffalo, by the Lake 
Shore and Michigan Southern B. B., and New York, Chicago 
& St. Louis B. B. (Nickel Plate), Buffalo, New York and Phila¬ 
delphia B. B., and the Buffalo & Pittsburgh B. B. 

To the East the connections are via Borne, Watertown & Og- 
densburg B. B., New York Central & Hudson Biver B. B., New 
York, West Shore & Buffalo B. B., Delaware, Lackawanna & West¬ 
ern B. B., Lehigh Valley B. B., New York, Lake Erie & West¬ 
ern B. B. 

STEAMBOAT CONNECTIONS 

are via Lewiston, N. Y., with the steamers of the Bichelieu & 
Ontario Steam Navigation Co. to Toronto and through Lake On¬ 
tario and down the St. Lawrence Biver to Montreal and Quebec. 

From Buffalo steamers run westward through Lake Erie, 
Huron, Michigan and Superior. 

160 

TOURISTS AND INVALIDS 

wishing to escape the severity of our Northern Winters, can find no more 
attractive places than the 

BERMUDA ISLANDS 

— AND — 

WEST INDIES. 

The Steamship Orinoco , 2,000 tons, together with the magnificent 
new Steamship Trinidad , 2,160 tons, 1,500 horse power, highest class 
100 A 1 at Lloyd’s, built expressly for this route in 1885 , with unsurpassed 
accommodations for passengers, leaves New York and Bermuda every 
Thursday during the season. 

Steamers for West Indies, St. Kitt’s Antigua, Dominica, Martinique, 
St. Lucia, Barbados and Trinidad, leave New York and the Islands every 

17 days. . . . 

For full particulars, time tables, and descriptive pamphlets, apply to 

A. E. OUTERBRIDGE & CO., Agents, 

Arthur Ahern, Sec’y, Quebec. 5 1 Broadway, New York, 


MONTREAL. 


HENRY HOGAN, - - - Proprietor. 

For the past thirty years this HOTEL familiarly known as the “ST. 
LAWRENCE ” has been a household word to all Travelers on the Conti¬ 
nent of North America, and has been patronized by all the ROYAL and 
NOBLE Personages who have visited the City of Montreal. 

This HOTEL, including the entire block which is admirably situated, 
being in the very heart of the city and contiguous to the General Post 
Office, Public Buildings and other places of Interest and of Business, has 
recently been acquired by Mr. Henry Hogan, the former proprietor, who 
has handsomely and appropriately decorated and renovated the interior, 
and completely refitted the whole of the apartments with new furniture, 
comprising ioo new rooms making the present number of apartments 250 , ( 
A new and elegant Passenger Elevator has also been added, and the Halls - 
and Public Rooms are lighted by the Electric and Incandescent Lights,' 
making it the most attractively lighted Hotel in the Dominion. 

The HOTEL is managed by Mr. Samuel Montgomery under the im¬ 
mediate personal supervision of Mr. Hogan, than whom no one is better 
qualified to conduct an hostelry of such magnitude as the ST. LAW¬ 
RENCE HALL, and than whom no one has gained a better reputation as 
an obliging, generous and considerate host. 



Hotel Coaches are in attendance on Arrival of all Trains and Steamers. 
AH Baggage Checks should be gi Tr en to the Porters in Attendance. 




































Gibb & Co., 

ESTABLISHED 1775. 



MERCHANT-TAILORS 


--^.UNTIED- 


Gentlemen’s Haberdashers, 


f 



MONTREAL. 


TOURISTS’ IDEAL ROUTE, 

NIAGARA TO THE SEA. 

ROME, WATERTOWN S OGIIENSBUSG R. R. 

Great Highway and Favorite Route for Fashionable Pleasure Travel. 

Only All-Rail Route to Thousand Islands. 

1887. NEW FAST TRAINS, AVOIDING STOPS. 1887. 

WAGNER PALACE SLEEPING CARS. 

NEW YORK AND PAUL SMITH’S, 15 Hours. 

NEW YORK AND CLAYTON, 11 Hours. 

NIAGARA FALLS AND CLAYTON, 9 % Hours. 
NIAGARA FALLS AND PORTLAND, MAINE, 24 Hours. 

Via Norwood, Fabyans, Crawford Notch, and all White Mountain Resorts. 

WAGNER PALACE DRAWING-ROOM CARS. 

NIAGARA FALLS AND CLAYTON. 

ROCHESTER AND CLAYTON. 

SYRACUSE AND CLAYTON. 

ALBANY AND CLAYTON. 

UTICA AND CLAYTON. 

Direct and immediate connections are made at Clayton with powerful 
steamers for Alexandria Bay and all Thousand Island Resorts, also with Rich. 
& Ont. Nav. Co. Steamers for Montreal, Quebec and River Saguenay, passing 
all of the Thousand Islands and Rapids of the River St. Lawrence by day¬ 
light. Fur tickets, time-tables and further information apply to nearest 
ticket agent or correspond with General Passenger Agent, Oswego, N. Y. 

ROUTES AND RATES FOR SUMMER TOURS. 

A beautiful book of 150 pages, profusely illustrated, contains maps, 
cost of tours, list of hotels, and describes over 300 Combination Summer 
Tours via Thousand Islands and Rapids of the St. Lawrence River, Saguenay 
River, Gulf of St. Lawrence, Lake Champlain, Lake George, White Moun¬ 
tains, to Portland, Kennebunk, Boston, New York and all Mountain, Lake, 
River and Sea Shore Resorts in Canada, New York and New England. It is 
the best book given away. Send ten cents postage to General Passenger 
Agent, Oswego, N. Y., for a copy before deciding upon your summer tiip. 

THEO. BUTTERFIELD, 

H. M. BRITTON, Gen’l Passenger Agent, 

Gen’l Manager. Oswego, N. Y. 



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Between every City in Ontario and Quebec and 
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LAKES CHAMPLAIN AND GEORGE. 
Also the following Business Centres: 

MONTREAL, PETERBORO, LONDON, 

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PULLMAN PALACE, SLEEPING & PARLOR CARS 

Are attached to all express trains and run through on quick time. 

An extensive variety of tourists’ tickets on hand at all 
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Through Tickets at Lowest Fares on Sale at all Stations and Agencies. 

WM. EDGAR, J. J. SEARGEANT, J, HICKSON, 

Gen. Pass. Agent. Traffic Manager. General Manager. 

HEAD OFFICES\ - MONTREAL , CANADA. 


The most central and elegantly furnished hotel in Montreal. Accommodations for 400 guests. Nothing known to modem' 
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E. H. DUNHAM, Proprietor- 

































































































































































































































































































































J. J. Milloy, ■ 

G-entlemen otxica. I_iacLies 7 

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THE NEW BOOK OF WORSHIP 


Songs of ®hristian Iraise 

FOR CHOIR AND CONGREGATION. 

Published with or without Scripture Selections for Responsive Reading. 

EDITED BY REV. CHARLES H. RICHARDS, D.D 


SONGS OF CHRISTIAN PRAISE has already been adopted by many 
churches throughout the country, and has been received with unqualified satisfact ory 


Testimonials from the Press. 

Tlie New York Observer says: “It contains everything essential to a 
handbook for general worship and special services. While it is attractively published, 
it is furnished at a price which is intended to make it popular.” 

Tile Interior, Chicago, Ill.: “ Rot burdened with lumber, it is yet large enough 
f >r all uses; choice enough to satisfy the mo&t cultivated taste, and popular enough 
to lead the congregation.” 

Tlie Congregationalist, Boston, Mass.: “It has been compiled with a dis¬ 
criminating wisdom and taste, and edited with a thoroughness which are uncommon.” 

The Advance says: “One of the choicest, richest, and most usable hymn- 
books published." 

Tlie Golden Rule, Boston, Mass.: “In its musical part this service-book is 
probably not surpassed by any other in the language.” 

Tit 3 New York. Times: “in its mechanical arrangement the book leaves 
scarcely anything to tie desired.” _ 

Testimonials from the Pulpit. 

Rev. G. 1.. Spilling, D.D., Cleveland, Ohio: “ It is the best I have ever seen.” 

Rev. C. G. Thompson, D.D., Pastor of Presbyterian Church, Kansas 
City, Mo.: “It is every way an admirable book, convenient in size and shape, rich in 
hymns and tunes, and fully adapted to all the demands of social and public worship.” 

Rev. W. E. Knox, D.D., Pastor First Presbvterian Church, Elmira, N. Y.: 
“ Your volume of Christian Praise is very attractive. Mi chanically and typographically 
it is the highest style of art. The hymns I like for their devotional character.’’ 

Rev. J. E. Rankin, D.D., Washington, D.C.: “The book isagrand one. 
Certainly the best of its kind I have ever examined.” 

Rev. J. Hall Mcllvaine, Providence, R.I.: “After two years u=e, I regard 
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Rev. J. G. Vose, D.D.. Providence, R.I., says: “ Our people are unanimous 
in its favor, and enjoy it more and more.” 

Rev. T. M. Monroe, of Akron, Ohio, says: “The book grows upon us'and 
we heartily commend it.” ' 

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Rev. Frank P. Wood bu ry . D. D., Rockford. Ill., savs : “Our high 
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Rev. *amuel Conn, D.D., St. Paul, Minn., says: “We decided upon 
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Rev. L. O. Hra^tow, D. D., Burlington, Vt., says : “ To me personally it is 
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Returnable Copies sent free to Pastors or Church Committees desiring 
books for examination. & 

A twenty-four page pamphlet. containing specimen pages, testimonials. price lists 
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TAINTOR BROTHERS & CO., Publishers, 

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TAINTOR’S GUIDE-BOOKS 

TAINTOR BROTHERS & CO., Publishers, 

18 & 20 Astor Place, New York. 

These Guides describe all Cities, Towns and Stations on the routes, giving 
Items of interest to the traveler for business and pleasure, and are 

ILLUSTRATED WITH MAPS AND WOODCUTS. 


MICE, 25 CEXTS EACH, BY MAIL. 


“City of New York.’’ —Containing descriptions of and direc¬ 
tions for visiting the Public Buildings, Places of Amusement, Library, etc. 
•A new Street Directory, Travelers’ Directory, and a Map of New York, 
Brooklyn, Jersey City, Hoboken, etc. 

“Hudson River Route.” —New York to West Point, Cats- 
kill Mountains, Albany, Troy, Saratoga Springs, Lake George, Lake Cham¬ 
plain, Adirondacks, Montreal and Quebec, via Hudson River Steamers. 

“Saratoga Bllustrated.”— The Visitors’ Guide to Saratoga 
Springs, with maps and wood cuts. 

“ Saratoga Mineral Waters.” —Directions for their use by 
Dr. W. O. Stillman, of Saratoga Springs, N. Y. 

Sea-Side Resorts. —A Hand-book for Health and Pleasure 
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“The Northern Reports.” —Boston to the White Moutains, 
Lake Memphremagog, Green Mountains, Lake Champlain, Sheldon, Massena, 
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H. CRANSTON, Proprietor. 


CRANSTON’S WEST POINT HOTEL, 

On Hudson—In the Highlands. 

H. CRANSTON, - Proprietor. 

* 

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W. H. CHAPIN, Springfield, Mass. 


The Massasoit House, near Railroad Stations, was established in 1843. it has 
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LABORATORY (Home Dept.), WESTFIELD, MASS. 









































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NEW YORK OFFICE, No. 237 BROADWAY. 



THE CRITIC 

A WEEKLY REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND THE ARTS. 

Ten Cents a Copy; $3 a Year. 

Bishop Potter Always Reads “ The Critic.” 

I am glad of this opportunity to express to you my keen sense of 
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H. C. Potter. 

For one who desires a current report from the active world of letters, 
a knowledge of the best books in every department of Science, Literature 
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New York City. J. H. Vincent, D. D., Chancellor Chautauqua University. 

“Undeniably the best literary review in the United States .”—Boston 
Globe. 

THE CRITIC COMPANY, 743 Broadway, New York. 





67th ANNUAL STATEMENT, December 3fst, 1886. 

/ETNA INSURANCE COMPANY, 

OOISTILT. 


CASH CAPITAL .$4,000,000 00 

Reserved for Re-Insurance (Fire). 1,797,495 06 

“ “ (Inland). 10,692 15 

“ Unpaid Losses (Fire)... 206,153 50 

“ “ (Inland). 44,844 82 

All other claims. 59,432 66 

NET SURPLUS. 3,450,221 37 

TOTAL ASSETS.$9,568,839 56 

“-A.S FOLLOWS 

Cash in Bank. $936,516 64 

Cash in hands of Agents. 374,380 20 

Real Estate .. 358,336 70 

Loans on Bond and Mortgage. 43,595 00 

Loans on Collaterals. 11,180 00 

Stocks and Bonds. 7,843,486 00 

Accrued Interest. 1,345 02 

TOTAL ASSETS.$9,568,839 56 

LOSSES PAID IN 68 YEARS, $60,180,000. 

Wm. B. CiiAJtK, Ass’t Sec. J. Goodnow, Sec. L. J. Hendee, Pres’t. 


JAS. A, ALEXANDER, Agt, 68 Wall St., New York. 


/ETNA LIFE INSURANCE CO. 


OF HARTFORD, CONN. 


ASSETS, 
SLRPLUS, | 


.$31,545,930.77 

by Massachusetts and Conn. Standard, 5,349,870.36 
by New York Standard, 6,800,000.00 


CONSERVATIVE, ECONOMICAL and 
“SOLID AS GRANITE.” 


POLICIES NON-FORFEITING AND INCONTESTABLE 

after the death of the insured. 

All desirable plans of Insurance, including some which are new 
and especially advantageous. 

ADDRESS THE COMPANY OR ANY OF ITS AGENTS. 


M. G. BULKELEY, President. 

J. C WEBSTER. Vice-President. J. L, ENGLISH, Secretary. 























CONNECTICUT 

FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, 

OP HARTFORD, Conn. 


Incorporated 1850 . Charter Perpetual 



CASH CAPITAL, - - $1,000,000.00 

CASH ASSETS, - - - 2,129,741.94 


Western Department : 

A. WILLIAMS, Manager, 

155 La Salle Street, 
CHICAGO, Ill. 


Pacific Department : 

ROBERT DICKSON. Manager. 
WM. MACDONALD, 

Assistant Manager. 

SAN FKANCISCO, Cal. 


SCOTT & TALBOT, Agents, 

45 William St., New York. 


J. D. BROWNE, President, CHAS. R. BURT, Secretary, 
L. W. CLARKE, Assistant-Secretary. 







CONGRESS SPRING. 

The Standard Mineral Water. 


It is a purely Natural Water, CATHARTIC ALTERATIVE, and slightly 
stimulating and tonic in its effects, without producing the debility that usu¬ 
ally attends a course of medicine. , 

It is used with marked success in affections ot the Liver and Kidneys, 
and for Dyspepsia, Gout, Constipation and Cutaneous Diseases it is 


It is especially beneficial as a general preservative of the tone of the 

stomach and purity of the blood, and a powerful preventive of Fevers and 

Bilious Complaints. , . ,. ., 

It is of special value to Ladies, as from its great purifying properties it 
has good effect in clearing the skin and giving it a healthy beautiful ap¬ 
pearance. In the morning it tones the appetite and promotes digestion. 
The stomach is cleansed and purified, the nervous ami muscular system in¬ 
vigorated, and germs of disease thrown off. . _ 

The superior excellence of Congress Water is evidenced m the happy 
■proportion of its several ingredients, which combine to make it so efficient, 
ana in the absolute solution in which these pure ingredients are held when 
BOTTLED, making it, without doubt, one of the best and safest saline 
cathartic waters ever discovered either in this country or Europe. 

Asa cathartic water its almost entire freedom from iron should recom¬ 
mend it above all others, many of which contain so much of this ingredient 
as to seriously impair their usefulness. 


CAUTIONARY SIGNAL. 

All mineral waters strongly impregnated with iron, 
when drank with freedom (especially when fasting), while injurious 
to all, are to persons of certain constitution and temperament posi¬ 
tively dangerous, owing to the powerful action of the iron in 
combination with the carbonic acid gas, which tends to accelerato the 
action of the heart and cause powerful pressure on the 
brain; thereby producing those results that so often fatally 
follow the cause. 

The above caution is necessary, the real amount of iron not 
being fully put forth in the analysis of several mineral spring waters. 

For sale (in Bottles only) by all leading Druggists, Grocers, Wine 
Merchants and Hotels. Address, 

CONGRESS SPRING CO., 


SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. 


HUDSON RIVER BY DAYLIGHT 


DAY LINE STEAMERS, 

“NEW YOBK” AND “ALBANY,” 

Leave New York, Vestry St., Pier 39, N. E. (adjoining Jersey City 
Ferry), 8.40 a. m., and foot 22d St., N. K., 9 a. m., landing at Yonkers, 
West Point, Newburgh, Poughkeepsie, Khinebeck, Catskill and 
Hudson. Eetuming, leave Albany, 8.30 a. m., from foot of Hamilton 
St., arriving in New York at 5.30 p. m. 

CHOICE OF TWO ROUTES 

TO THE 

RESORTS OF THE CATSKILLS. 

CONNECTIONS. 

BROOKLYN— Annex leaves Fulton Street at 8.00 a. m. Leaves 
Vestry Street Pier on arrival of down boat. 

WEST POINT— With Stages for Cranston’s and West Point 
Hotels, and with down boat at 2.50. 

NEWBURGH— With down boat at 2.15. 

KHINEBECK— With Ferry for Rondout, and Ulster & Delaware 
E. E. for Catskill Mountain Resorts, and Wallkill Valley E. E. for 

Lake Mohonk. 

CATSKILL—With. Catskill Mountain E. E. 

HUDSON— With Boston and Albany E. E , for Chatham, Pittsfield, 
North Adams, Lebanon Springs, etc. 

ALBANY— With through trains for Utica, Alexandria Bay, Geneva, 
Niagara Falls, Buffalo, Watertown, Thousand Islands and 
Western Points. Special trains to and from Saratoga. Through 
tickets sold to all points. 

DINING SALOON ON THE MAIN DECK. 
Meals served on the European Plan . 

MUSIC THROUGHOUT THE TRIP. 

>^“TRIP TICKETS from New York to West Point or Newburgh 
returning same day. 



1794. 


1887. 


HARTFORD 

Fire Insurance Co. 


OF HARTFORD, CONN. 


STATEMENT JANUAItY 1, 1887 . 

Cash Capital, - - . $1,250,000 00 

Reserve for Re-Insurance (legal standard), - 1,764,932 23 

Outstanding Claims, - - . 251,027 48 

Policy Holders’ Surplus, - - - 3,039,986 74 

Net Surplus over Capital and All Liabilities, 1,789,986 74 

Total Assets, $5,055,946 45 


Net Premiums received during the year, 
Total Income received during the year, - 
Increase in Assets, 

Increase in Net Surplus, 


$2,350,371 59 
2,561,066 97 
310,604 53 
346,627 53 


GEO. L. CHASE, President. 

P. C. ROYCE, Secretary. THOMAS TURNBULL, Ass't Secretary. 


WESTERN DEPARTMENT. 

G. F. BISSELL, - - • - General Agent. 

P. P. HEY WOOD, - . - Assistant General Agent. 

CHICAGO, ILL. 

PACIFIC DEPARTMENT. 

BELDEN & COFRON,. Managers. 

SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. 


BRANCH OFFICE. 

158 BROADWAY, - - NEW YORK. 

GEORGE M. COIT, Agent. 









THE N. Y. TRIBUNE 

MAKES A SPECIALTY OF 

SUMMER RESORT NEWS. 

The Paper will be sent to any address for 

75 CENTS A MONTH. 


The Tribune is delivered every Sunday at nearly 
all the Northern Summer Resorts by 

SPECIAL FAST TRAIN, 

Run solely to carry Newspapers. 


THE TRIBUNE LEADS 

all the New York papers in enterprise and interest, and 

DOES NOT DEPEND ON 

SENSATION AND TRASH FOR CIRCULATION. 


75 Cents a Month, or $8.50 a Year. 





TOURISTS’ IDEAL ROUTE, 

NIAGARA TO THE SEA. 

ROME, WATERTOWN & OGDENSBURG B. B. 

Great Highway and Favorite Route for Fashionable Pleasure Travel. 
Only All-Rail Route to Thousand Islands. 

1887. NEW FAST TRAINS, AVOIDING STOPS. 1887. 

WAGNER PALACE SLEEPING CARS. 

NEW YORK AND PAUL SMITH’S, 15 Hours. 

NEW YORK AND CLAYTON, 11 Hours. 

NIAGARA FALLS AND CLAYTON, 9 % Hours. 
NIAGARA FALLS AND PORTLAND, MAINE, 24 Hours. 

Yia Norwood, Fabyans, Crawford Notch, and all White Mountain Resorts. 

WAGNER PALACE DRAWING-ROOM CARS. 

NIAGARA FALLS AND CLAYTON. 

ROCHESTER AND CLAYTON. 

SYRACUSE AND CLAYTON. 

ALBANY AND CLAYTON. 

UTICA AND CLAYTON. 

Direct and immediate connections are made at Clayton with powerful 
steamers for Alexandria Bay and all Thousand Island Resorts, also with Rich. 
& Ont. Nav. Co. Steamers for Montreal, Quebec and River Saguenay, passing 
all of the Thousand Islands and Rapids of the River St. Lawrence by day¬ 
light. For tickets, time-tables and further information apply to nearest 
ticket agent or correspond with General Passenger Agent, Oswego, N. Y. 

ROUTES AND RATES FOR SUMMER TOURS. 

A beautiful hook of 150 pages, profusely illustrated, contains maps, 
cost of tours, list of hotels, and describes over 300 Combination Summer 
Tours via Thousand Islands and Rapids of the St. Lawrence River, Saguenay 
River, Gulf of St. Lawrence, Lake Champlain, Lake George, White Moun¬ 
tains, to Portland, Kennebunk, Boston, New York and all Mountain, Lake, 
River and Sea Shore Resorts in Canada, New York and New England. It is 
the best book given away. Send ten cents postage to General Passenger 
Agent, Oswego, N. Y., fcr a copy before deciding upon your summer trip. 

THEO. BUTTERFIELD, 

Gen’l Passenger Agent, 

Oswego, N. Y, 


H. M. BRITTON, 

Gen’l Manager. 



Saratoga Kissingen spring 

Natural Mineral Water. 

Unsurpassed as on aperient, diuretic and alterative. Highly effer¬ 
vescent, and unexcelled as a Table Water. 

Very efficacious in its action upon the stomach, liver and kidneys, 
and is a great aid to digestion. 

THE SARATOGA KISSINGEN 

has more fixed gas than any other Natural Mineral Spring Water in 
this country. It is, therefore, the most marketable, as it retains all its 
qualities after bottling, and without regard to climate. 


DIRECTIONS. 

As an Aperient— Drink before breakfast one pint, at a moderate 
temperature. 

As a Diuretic —Take in smaller quantities frequently during the 
day. 

For Indigestion —Take one glassful just before or after meals. 


For sale in cases of four dozen pints, or two dozen quarts, and to 
the trade, for draught purposes, in block-tin-lined barrels. 

All orders should be addressed to 


SARATOGA KISSINGEN COMPANY, 

Saratoga Springs, N. Y. 

Or, No. 11 West 27th Street, New York City. 

SARATOGA OFFICE, 

No. 3 GRAND UNION BLOCK. 




PEOPLE’S EVENING LINE 

BETWEEN 

NEW YORK AND ALBANY. 



During the Season of Navigation, the Steamers 

DREW or DEAN RICHMOND, 

Capt. S. J. ROE. Capt. THOS. POST, 

WILL LEAVE NEW YORK FOR ALBANY, 

Daily, Sundays excepted, at 6 P. M., from Pier 41 (Old No.) 
North. River, Poot of Canal Street. 

Connecting with trains for SARATOGA, LAKE GEORGE, LAKE CHAM¬ 
PLAIN, the ADIRONDACKS and Summer Resorts of the 
NORTH, EAST AND WEST. 

Saratoga Office, 369 Broadway. 


LEAVE ALBANY. 

Every week day at 8 P. M., or on arrival of trains from NORTH, EAST and WEST, 
connecting at New York with ALL EARLY TRAINS for the SOUTH. Meals on the 
European Plan. 


FOR TICKETS IN NEW YORK 

Apply at Company’s Office (Pier 41 North River); and at all principal Hotels and 
Ticket Offices in New York, and on board the Steamers. R. R. Office throughout 
the country. 

Tickets sold and baggage checked to all points WEST via N. Y. C. & H. R R., 
N. Y. & W. S., D. & H. C. Co., Fitchburg, Cent’l Vt., B. & A., and O. & L. C. Rail¬ 
roads, etc. 

W. W. EVERETT, J. H. ALLAIRE, M. B. WATERS, 

President. Gen’l T. Agent. Gen J'ass Agent. 




















WILLARD S HOTEL, 



WASHINGTON, D. C. 

. » ♦ -- 

This old-established and chosen rendezvous and favorite abiding- 
place of the most famous men aDd women of America has, under the 
present management, been thoroughly renovated at an expense of 
over $100,000, and is now pronounced as the model Hotel in regard 
to luxurious apartments, cuisine, service and system for heat¬ 
ing" and ventilation. 

The “WiLiiAED” is located within a stone’s-throw of the Execu¬ 
tive Mansion, Treasury, War, Navy and State Departments, the De¬ 
partment of Justice, Corcoran Art Gallery, and other numerous points 
of interest, and can justly be called the most convenient Hotel for 
tourists and other travelers in Washington City. 

0. G. STAPLES, Proprietor. 

Formerly of the Thousand Island House. 





















DRINK THE GENUINE 


EXCELSIOR WATER 

OF SARATOGA. 

CURES DYSPEPSIA, HEADACHES, CONSTIPATION, ETC. 

Sold on Draught and in Bottles by First-class Druggists and Hotels. 


The Genuine EXCELSIOR WATER 
is sold on Draught only through the 
Trade Mark. Ask your druggist for it, 
and he sure you get the “ EXCELSIOR” 
drawn through the Trade Mark as shown 
in the annexed sketch. Avoid Artificial 
and Recharged Waters. 


The “ Excelsior ” Water is unequalled as a cathartic and diuretic, 
and is used with great success in treating diseases of the Liver and 
Kidneys. See below letters from two of our best known medical men. 

From Fordyce Barker, M. D., of New York. 

I make great use of the various mineral waters in my practice, and I regard the 
"Excelsior” Spring Water of Saratoga as the best saline and alkaline laxative of 
this class. Sparkling with Carbonic Acid Gas, it is to most persons very agreeable 
to the taste, and prompt in action as a gentle Diuretic and Cathartic. 

_ FORDYCE BARKER, M. D. 

From Alfred L. Loomis, M. D., of New York. 

During my whole professional life I have been accustomed to use freely the 
Water of Congress and Empire Springs. About six months since, accidentally, I 
was furnished with a few bottles of the ‘‘Excelsior” .spring Water, and found it so 
much more agreeable to the taste and pleasant in its effects than either Congress or 
Empire Water, that I have since used it myself, and recommend it to patients 
requiring a gentle Cathartic and Diuretic. A. L. LOOMIS, M, P. 


THE BOTTLED “EXCELSIOR” WATER 
is unexcelled, and retains all its properties unim¬ 
paired for years. 

Address FRANK W. LAWRENCE, 

Proprietor Excelsior and Union Springs, 

SARATOGA SPRINGS, N. Y. 














DRS. STRONG’S REMEDIAL INSTITUTE, 

Saratoga Springs, N. Y, 

POPULAR SUMMER RESORT. Open all the year. Receives patients or 
boarders, permanent or transient. Location central, quiet, shady and within three 
minutes’ walk of the large hotels, principal springs. Congress Park, and other 
sources of attraction. Fine Lawn Tennis and Croquet Grounds. Desirable rooms, 
extensive piazzas, ample grounds. Table and. appointments First-Class. 
Heated by steam. The bath department is complete and elegant, affording Turk¬ 
ish, Russian, Roman and Electro-thermal Baths. 

Genial, cultured society and a pleasant home are always found here. It is the 
re sort of many eminent persons for rest and recreation Among its patrons and 
references are Rev. Theo. L. Cutler, D D. (Brooklyn); Rev. Chas. F. Deems, D. D. 
(N.Y.); Rev. R. D. Harper, D. D. (Philadelphia); Rev. C. C. “Chaplain” McCabe 
(Chicago); Rev. Dr. Jko. Potts (Ottawa); Bishops Foss and Harris; Hon. F. C. 
Sessions (Columbus, O.); J. M. Phillips (M. E. Book Concern, N. Y.); Jas. 
McCreert (N. Y.); Ex-Gov. Wells (Va.); Presidents McCosh (Princeton), Hitch- 
cock (Union Theol. Sem.), Warren (Boston Univ.); Judges Reynolds (Brooklyn), 
Drake (Washington), Hand (Penn ), Bliss (Mo.); Med. Profs. Ross (Chicago), Knapp, 
(N. Y.), Ford (Ann Arbor), and many others equally known. 

During the entire year the Institute is made specially attractive to its guests by 
frequent entertainments of varied character. There is no appearance of invalidism. 
The remedial and hotel interests in no way interfere, patients receiving at all times 
every care and attention. The proprietors are “ regular ” physicians, graduates of 
the Medical Department, University of the City of New York. The Institute is the 
largest and best in Saratoga, and one of the most complete in its appointments in 
the country, and is endorsed and largely patronized by the medical profession. 
Besides the ordinary remedial agents available in general practice, such special 
appliances are used as Massage, Turkish, Russian, Roman, Electro-thermal, Hydro¬ 
pathic Baths; Galvanic and Faradic Electricity, Pneumatic Cabinet, Vacuum Treat¬ 
ment Movement Cure, Compressed Air, Oxygen and Medicated Inhalations, Health 
Lift, Calisthenics, and the Mineral Waters. SEND FOR CIRCULAR. 
































SARATOGA 

GEYSER WATER! 


“Applicable to a Greater Number of Persons 
than any other Water at Saratoga.” 


FOB DYSPEPSIA it is unrivalled. It contains 
more Soda and Magnesia combined than any 
other Saratoga water. 

FOB KIDNEY DISEASES it, beyond dispute, 
excels all other waters. It contains a much larger 
quantity of Lithia than any of the so-called Lithia 
waters. 

AS A CATHABTIC, when taken rather warm 
before breakfast, it is mild yet thorough . It is not a 
harsh water. 

BEWARE OF MANUFACTURED WATER. 

Ask for SARATOGA Geyser. 

For Sale by the Glass, fresh from the Bottle, at our office, cor. 
Broadway and Congress Sts., Saratoga Springs, N. Y. 

ADDRESS, 

GEYSER SPRING CO., 

Saratoga Springs, N.Y. 




THE INDEPENDENT. 


u One of' the ablest weeklies in existence.”— Pall Mall Gazette 
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THE INDEPENDENT, 

P, 0. Box 2787, 251 Broadway, N. Y. 



THE -A-IR/LI^CKDOIN . 



■w^sni^sro-xojsr, jd . c. 

T. E. ROESSLE, - - Proprietor. 



DEL A VAN HOUSE, Albany, N. Y., 


T. E. ROESSLE & SON”, Proprietors. 








































































































































Opens June ist. Board for the season, $15, $17.50, $21, $25 and $28 per week, according to the location of rooms, 

T. E. ROESSLE, Proprietor Lake George, N. Y. 

Also proprietor of tile “The Arlington,” Washington, D. C., and the Delavan House Albany, K. Y. 















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































SHOULD BE IN EVERY HOME. 

1887 . 1887 . 

THE CHRISTIAN UNION, 

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EDITORS : 

LYMAN ABBOTT. HAMILTON W. MABIE. 

TERMS: 

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Send Postal Card for Free Specimen Copy, Addressed 

THE: CHRISTIAN- UNION, 

30 Lafayette Place, New York City. 








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Views of Buildings, Machinery; Portraits, Newspaper and Advertis¬ 
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ILLUSTBATIONS MADE FROM PHOTOGRAPHS. 

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THE DOCTOR 

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SARATOGA VICHY WATER 

Most Delicious of Saratoga Waters. 

IT CORRECTS ACIDITY OF THE STOMACH, 
ASSISTS DIGESTION AND REGU¬ 
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A FINE TABLE WATER, 

It Mixes Well with Syrup, 
Wines or Milk. 

BEWARE OF ARTIFICIAL VICHYSI 


THE SARATOGA VICHY is a Pure, Natural Water ; all 
other Vichy drawn from fountains is manufactured. 

Ask your Druggist or Grocer for the Saratoga 
-> Vichy, or address, 

SARATOGA VICHY SPRING CO., 


Saratoga Springs, N. Y. 


Guests’ Baggage to and from Grand Central Depot free. 
Carriage Hire saved. 

Travelers can live well at the Grand Union for less money 
than at any other firsJ-elass hotel in New York. 


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THE 


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Send for a sample copy free. 

ADVERTISERS FIND IT A SURE MEDIUM TO 
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Address NEW YORK OBSERVER, 
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Also HOTEL, HOMEIVAH, Milford Springs, Sf. H. Post Office and 
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0 . A. GLEASON, Manager. BARNES & DUN KLEE, of the Brunswick, Proprietors. 



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Losses Paid Since Organization of Company, 

, over $21,455,004.16, 


STATEMENT, JANUARY 1, 1887. 


Cash Capital, 

Reserve for Unadjusted Losses, 
Reserve for Re-Insurance, - 
Net Surplus, 


$2,000,000.00 
203,590.30 
- 1,483,992.61 
1,022,345.67 


Total Assets, - - - $4,709,928.61 


H. KELLOGG, President. I A. W. JILLSON, Vice-President. 

D. W. C. SKILTON, Secretary. | G. H. BURDICK, Ass’t Secretary. 


* WESTERN DEPARTMENT. 

H. M. MAGILL, General Agent, - - Cincinnati, Ohio. 

|THEO. F. SPEAR, Ass’t General Agent, - Cincinnati, Ohio. 


PACIFIC DEPARTMENT. ■ 

A. E. MAGILL, General Agent, - - San Francisco, Cal. 


BRANCH OFFICE: 

NEW YORK CITY, 158 BROADWAY, 

GEO. M. COIT, Resident Agent. 










































